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TP-PROFILE: Monitoring the Thermodynamic Structure of the Troposphere over the Third Pole

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1264-1277页

作者： Xuelong CHEN Yajing LIU Yaoming ma Weiqiang ma Xiangde XU xinghong CHENG Luhan LI xin XU Binbin WANG Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemEnvironment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes Dingri 858200China China-Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesIslamabad 45320Pakistan College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Kathmandu Center of Research and Education Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Disastrous Weather China Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

Ground-based microwave radiometers(MWRs)operating in the K-and V-bands(20–60 GHz)can help us obtain temperature and humidity profiles in the *** from some soundings from local meteorological observatories,the tropospheric atmosphere over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)has never been continuously *** part of the Chinese Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP),the Tibetan Plateau Atmospheric Profile(TPPROFILE)project aims to construct a comprehensive MWR troposphere observation network to study the synoptic processes and environmental changes on the *** initiative has collected three years of data from the MWR *** paper introduces the data information,the data quality,and data *** applications of the data obtained from these MWRs were also *** comparisons of MWR against the nearest radiosonde observation demonstrate that the TP-PROFILE MWR system is adequate for monitoring the thermal and moisture variability of the troposphere over the *** continuous temperature and moisture profiles derived from the MWR data provide a unique perspective on the evolution of the thermodynamic structure associated with the heating of the *** TP-PROFILE project reveals that the low-temporal resolution instruments are prone to large uncertainties in their vapor estimation in the mountain valleys on the TP.

关键词： microwave radiometer thermodynamic structure vertical profile Tibetan Plateau

Tuning mechanical and electrical performances of B_(4)C-TiB_(2)ceramics in a two-step spark plasma sintering process

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第4期13卷 518-528页

作者： jun Zhao xingshuo Zhang Zongning ma Dong Wang xing Jin Songlin Ran Advanced Ceramics Research Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringAnhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243002China Anhui Engineering Research Center for High Efficiency Intelligent Photovoltaic Module Chaohu UniversityHefei 238024China

B_(4)C–TiB_(2)is an advanced electrically conductive ceramic with excellent mechanical and electrical discharge machinable *** is challenging and rewarding to achieve highly conductive and hard B_(4)C–TiB_(2)composites at a minimum content of conductive TiB2 that has inferior hardness but double specific gravity of the B_(4)C matrix.A novel strategy was used to construct conductive networks in B_(4)C‒15 vol%TiB2 composite ceramics with B_(4)C,TiC,and amorphous B as raw materials by a two-step spark plasma sintering *** influences of particle size matching between B_(4)C and TiC on the conducting of the strategy and the microstructure were discussed based on the selective matrix grain growth *** mechanical and electrical properties were also systematically *** B_(4)C–15 vol%TiB2 composite ceramic prepared from 10.29µm B_(4)C and 0.05µm TiC powders exhibited a perfect three-dimensional interconnected conductive network with a maximum electrical conductivity of 4.25×10^(4)S/m,together with excellent mechanical properties including flexural strength,Vickers hardness,and fracture toughness of 691±58 MPa,30.30±0.61 GPa,and 5.75±0.32 MPa·m^(1/2),respectively,while the composite obtained from 3.12µm B_(4)C and 0.8µm TiC powders had the best mechanical properties including flexural strength,Vickers hardness,and fracture toughness of 827±35 MPa,32.01±0.51 GPa,and 6.45±0.22 MPa·m^(1/2),together with a decent electrical conductivity of 0.65×10^(4)S/m.

关键词： B_(4)C-TiB_(2) mechanical properties electrical conductivity conductive network

SciCN:A Scientific Dataset for Chinese Named Entity Recognition

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4303-4315页

作者： Jing Yang Bin Ji Shasha Li jun ma Jie Yu College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China

Named entity recognition(NER)is a fundamental task of information extraction(IE),and it has attracted considerable research attention in recent *** abundant annotated English NER datasets have significantly promoted the NER research in the English *** contrast,much fewer efforts are made to the Chinese NER research,especially in the scientific domain,due to the scarcity of Chinese NER *** alleviate this problem,we present aChinese scientificNER dataset–SciCN,which contains entity annotations of titles and abstracts derived from 3,500 scientific *** manually annotate a total of 62,059 entities,and these entities are classified into six *** to English scientific NER datasets,SciCN has a larger scale and is more diverse,for it not only contains more paper abstracts but these abstracts are derived from more research *** investigate the properties of SciCN and provide baselines for future research,we adapt a number of previous state-of-theart Chinese NER models to evaluate *** results show that SciCN is more challenging than other Chinese NER *** addition,previous studies have proven the effectiveness of using lexicons to enhance Chinese NER *** by this fact,we provide a scientific domain-specific *** results demonstrate that our lexicon delivers better performance gains than lexicons of other *** hope that the SciCN dataset and the lexicon will enable us to benchmark the NER task regarding the Chinese scientific domain and make progress for future *** dataset and lexicon are available at:https://***/yangjingla/***.

关键词： Named entity recognition dataset scientific information extraction lexicon

Floating plants reduced methane fluxes from wetlands by creating a habitat conducive to methane oxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 149-160页

作者： Fuwei Wang Songhe Zhang Xiuren Hu xin Lv Min Liu Yu ma Benjamin manirakiza Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of EducationHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China China machinery International Engineering Desigh and Research Institute co. Ltd.East China Regional CenterNanjing 210008China

Wetlands are one of the important natural sources of atmospheric methane (CH_4),as an important part of wetlands,floating plants can be expected to affect methane ***,the effects of floating plants on methane release are *** this study,methane fluxes,physiochemical properties of the overlying water,methane oxidation potential and rhizospheric bacterial community were investigated in simulated wetlands with floating plants Eichhornia crassipes,Hydrocharis dubia,and Trapa *** found that ***,***,and *** plants could inhibit 84.31%-97.31%,4.98%-88.91%and 43.62%-92.51%of methane fluxes at interface of water-atmosphere compared to Control,*** fluxes were negatively related to nutrients concentration in water column but positively related to the aerenchyma proportions of roots,stems,and *** the same biomass,root of *** (36.44%) had the highest methane oxidation potential,followed by *** (12.99%) and *** (11.23%).Forty-five bacterial phyla in total were identified on roots of three plants and 7 bacterial genera (2.10%-3.33%) were known *** I methanotrophs accounted for 95.07%of total *** pmoA gene abundances ranged from 1.90×10^(16)to 2.30×10^(18)copies/g fresh weight of root *** of pmoA gene was significantly positively correlated with environmental *** (5.40%) and methanotrophy (3.75%) function were closely related to methane *** study highlights that floating plant restoration can purify water and promote carbon neutrality partially by reducing methane fluxes through methane oxidation in wetlands.

关键词： Floating plants Methane fluxes Aerenchyma Methanotrophs

Skin-inspired interface modification strategy toward a structurefunction integrated hybrid smart fabric system with self-powered sensing property for versatile applications

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8200-8208页

作者： Xiang Cheng Teng Chen De Gong Pengcheng ma Bo Chen jun Cai Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing U-Precision Tech Co. Ltd.Beijing 100176China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Fabric-based composites with superior mechanical properties and excellent perceptive function are highly ***,it remains a huge challenge to attain structure-function integration,especially for hybrid fabric ***,a skin-inspired interface modification strategy is proposed toward this target by constructing a hybrid smart fabric system consisting of two types of smart fabrics:carbon nanotube(CNT)/MXene-modified aramid fabrics and zinc oxide nanorod(ZnO NR)-modified carbon *** on that,flexible piezoelectric pressure sensors with skin-like hierarchical perception interfaces are fabricated,which demonstrate superb sensitivity of 2.39 V·kPa^(-1)and are capable of various wearable monitoring ***,the interface-modified hybrid fabric reinforced plastics can also be fabricated,which are proven to possess 13.6%higher tensile strength,10.1%elastic *** impressively,their average energy absorption can be improved by 111.9%,accompanied with inherent damage alert *** offers a paradigm to fabricate structure-function integrated hybrid smart fabric composites for the smart clothing and intelligent aerial vehicles.

关键词： hybrid fabrics interface modification piezoelectric pressure sensors self-diagnostic composites structure-function integration

P-and SV-wave dispersion and attenuation in saturated microcracked porous rock with aligned penny-shaped fractures

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 143-161页

作者： Sheng-Qing Li Wen-Hao Wang Yuan-Da Su jun-xin Guo Xiao-Ming Tang School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina Laoshan National Laboratory Qingdao 266071ShangdongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geophysical High-resolution Imaging Technology Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina Department of Earth and Space Sciences Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina

P-and SV-wave dispersion and attenuation have been extensively investigated in saturated poroelastic media with aligned ***,there are few existing models that incorporate the multiple wave attenuation mechanisms from the microscopic scale to the macroscopic ***,in this work,we developed a unified model to incorporate the wave attenuation mechanisms at different scales,which includes the microscopic squirt flow between the microcracks and pores,the mesoscopic wave-induced fluid flow between fractures and background(FB-WIFF),and the macroscopic Biot's global flow and elastic scattering(ES)from the *** Tang's modified Biot's theory and the mixed-boundary conditions,we derived the exact frequency-dependent solutions of the scattering problem for a single penny-shaped fracture with oblique incident P-and *** then developed theoretical models for a set of aligned fractures and randomly oriented fractures using the Foldy *** results indicated that microcrack squirt flow considerably influences the dispersion and attenuation of P-and SV-wave *** coupling effects of microcrack squirt flow with the FB-WIFF and ES of fractures cause much higher velocity dispersion and attenuation for P waves than for SV *** oriented fractures substantially reduce the attenuation caused by the FB-WIFF and ES,particularly for the ES attenuation of SV *** a comparison with existing models in the limiting cases and previous experimental measurements,we validated our model.

关键词： Aligned fractures P-and SV-wave Dispersion and attenuation Microcracked porous background FB-WIFF Elastic scattering Squirt flow

High-entropy oxide-supported platinum nanoparticles for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1537-1546页

作者： Ming-Yu Fan Jia-jun Wang jun Zhao Hong Zhang Tian-Yi ma Xiao-Peng Han Wen-Bin Hu School of materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityFuzhou350207China School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneVIC3000Australia

High-entropy oxides(HEOs)are a new class of single-phase structures with unique electronic and catalytic properties;therefore,it is worthwhile to explore their applications in *** this study,a Pt/(FeCoNiCrAl)_(3)O_(4)nanohybrid using HEO as a support was developed as an efficient catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Pt/(FeCoNiCrAl)_(3)O_(4)exhibited high HER activity with a low overpotential of 22 mV at10 ma·cm^(-2),outperforming other binary,ternary,and quaternary *** HER activity of Pt/(FeCoNiCrAl)_(3)O_(4)was higher than that of a commercial Pt/C with a significantly lower Pt *** catalyst exhibited good activity and long-term stability(60 h)in an electrolytic water-splitting *** good activity can be attributed to the fact that the introduction of Pt effectively facilitates electronic interactions between Pt and the *** addition,the HEO substrate was more favorable for dispersing Pt particles,optimizing the electrochemical specific surface area,and significantly reducing the charge resistance of the *** study extends the application of HEOs in electrocatalysis and demonstrates the promising prospects of HEOs as supports for electrocatalysts.

关键词： High-entropy oxides Hydrogen evolution reaction Nanohybrid Water electrolysis

MULTIFRACTAL ANALYSIS OF CONVERGENCE EXPONENTS FOR PRODUCTS OF CONSECUTIVE PARTIAL QUOTIENTS IN CONTINUED FRACTIONS

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Acta mathematica Scientia 2024年第4期44卷 1594-1608页

作者： Lulu FANG Jihua ma Kunkun SONG xin YANG School of mathematics and Statistics Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China School of mathematics and Statistics Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory of Computing and Stochastic mathematics(Ministry of Education) School of Mathematics and StatisticsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

For each real number x∈(0,1),let[a_(1)(x),a_(2)(x),…,a_n(x),…]denote its continued fraction *** study the convergence exponent defined byτ(x)=inf{s≥0:∞∑n=1(a_(n)(x)a_(n+1)(x))^(-s)<∞},which reflects the growth... 详细信息

关键词： continued fractions product of partial quotients Hausdorff dimension

SmartEagleEye:A Cloud-Oriented Webshell Detection System Based on Dynamic Gray-Box and Deep Learning

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 766-783页

作者： xin Liu Yingli Zhang Qingchen Yu Jiajun Min jun Shen Rui Zhou Qingguo Zhou School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China School of Computing and Information Technology University of WollongongWollongong 2500Australia

Compared with traditional environments,the cloud environment exposes online services to additional vulnerabilities and threats of cyber attacks,and the cyber security of cloud platforms is becoming increasingly prominent.A piece of code,known as a Webshell,is usually uploaded to the target servers to achieve multiple *** Webshell attacks has become a hot spot in current ***,the traditional Webshell detectors are not built for the cloud,making it highly difficult to play a defensive role in the cloud ***,a Webshell detection system based on deep learning that is successfully applied in various scenarios,is proposed in this *** system contains two important components:gray-box and neural network *** gray-box analyzer defines a series of rules and algorithms for extracting static and dynamic behaviors from the code to make the decision *** neural network analyzer transforms suspicious code into Operation Code(OPCODE)sequences,turning the detection task into a classification *** experiment results show that SmartEagleEye achieves an encouraging high detection rate and an acceptable false-positive rate,which indicate its capability to provide good protection for the cloud environment.

关键词： Webshell detection cloud web security deep learning