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Post-tunable salt gel electrolytes toward flexible supercapacitor switches

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 114-124页

作者： Hui Wang Shuang Chen Xuming Liu qin zhang xin Liu Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory School of Chemistry and Life Science and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology Polymeric and Soft Materials Laboratory School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Materials Science Changchun University of Technology

Convertible hydrogel supercapacitors have emerged as promising energy storage devices in switches,diodes, and transistors. However, inherent weaknesses in ionic conductivity, mechanical properties,and water retention of hydrogel electrolytes seriously hinder their development. Inspired by the hardness conversion of sea cucumber skin, a conductivity and mechanics dual-tunable salt gel electrolyte is successfully designed. The salt gel presents a reversible switching of conductors-insulators and a mechanical regulation between softness and hardness via the dissolution-crystallization transition of sodium acetate trihydrate（SAT）. Meanwhile, the salt gels spontaneously grow a layer of “armor” through saturated phase-change salt crystals effectively reducing water evaporation of hydrogel ***, this phase-change soft-rigid conversion strategy will expand the capabilities of gel-based flexible supercapacitors(area capacitance: 258.6 mF cm-2), and the capacitance retention rate could still reach 86.9% after 3000 cycles at high temperatures. Moreover, the salt gel supercapacitor is potentially used in over-heat alarm systems. It is anticipated that the strategy of conductivity and mechanics of dual-tunable salt gel would provide a new perspective on the development of energy storage devices,wearable electronics, and flexible robots.

关键词： Capacitance

Recent progress in constructing fluorinated solid-electrolyte interphases for stable lithium metal anodes

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 270-291页

作者： Di zhang Pengfei Lv Wei qin xin He Yuanhua He Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province College of Civil Aviation Safety EngineeringCivil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307China School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)are emerging as a promising energy storage solution owing to their high energy density and specific ***,the non-uniform plating of lithium and the potential rupture of the solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)during extended cycling use may result in dendrite growth,which can penetrate the separator and pose significant short-circuit *** a stable SEI is essential for the long-term operation of the ***-rich SEI has garnered significant attention for its ability to effectively passivate electrodes,regulate lithium deposition,and inhibit electrolyte *** the structural components and preparation methods of existing fluorinated SEI is crucial for optimizing lithium metal anode *** paper reviews the research on optimizing LiF passivation interfaces to protect lithium metal *** focuses on four types of compositions in fluorinated SEI that work synergistically to enhance SEI *** instance,combining compounds with LiF can further enhance the mechanical strength and ionic conductivity of the *** metals with LiF significantly improves electrochemical performance at the SEI/anode interface,with a necessary focus on reducing electron tunneling ***,incorporating polymers with LiF offers balanced improvements in interfacial toughness and ionic conductivity,though maintaining structural stability over long cycles remains a critical area for future *** alloys combined with LiF increase surface energy and lithium affinity,challenges such as dendrite growth and volume expansion *** summary,this paper emphasizes the crucial role of interfacial structures in LMBs and offers comprehensive guidance for future design and development efforts in battery technology.

关键词： LiF lithium metal anodes solid-electrolyte interphase interface cycling stability

Bifunctional bridging capping layer enables 24.5% efficiency of perovskite solar cells with polymer-based hole transport materials

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 350-359页

作者： Can Zhu Yiyang Wang Lei Meng Beibei Qiu Jing Li Shucheng qin Ke Hu xin Jiang Wenbin Lai Minchao Liu Zhe Liu Chenxing Lu Jinyuan zhang Yongfang Li Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University

Developing a bridge capping layer between perovskite and hole transport layer materials（HTMs） in the n-i-p perovskite solar cells（pero-SCs） is an effective approach to modify the morphology of HTMs and passivate the perovskite ***, we select the quinoxaline-based bifunctional passivation agent, quinoxalin-6-yl-methylamine hydrochloride（Qx MACl）,as the bridging layer, and a D-A copolymer PBQ12 containing the same quinoxaline unit as an HTM for the n-i-p pero-SCs. Due to the π-π stacking among the common quinoxaline units in the bridge layer and HTM, Qx MACl induces the π-π stacking of the PBQ12 film and improves the film morphology of HTMs with better conductivity. Additionally, Qx MACl can effectively passivate the perovskite surface, and PBQ12 possesses appropriate energy levels and high hole mobility. The pero-SCs based on FAPbI3with PBQ12/Qx MACl treatment showed a higher power conversion efficiency（PCE） of 24.05% and outstanding stability, maintaining 95.4% and 92.1% of its initial PCE after 750 h of storage and after over 800 h of thermal annealing at 85 °C, respectively. To further enhance the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices, we developed a non-metal ion dopant for the PBQ12 HTM. Through trace doping of PBQ12 HTM by the non-metal ion dopant, the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices reached 25.24%（the calibrated PCE of 24.55% by the National Institute of Metrology, China）.

关键词： D-A copolymer, hole transport materials, bifunctional bridge capping layer, passivation perovskite solar cells

Effects of Ti-and Nb-based transition element from single to multiple compound oxides and carbon-based composite additives on Mg-MgH2 hydrogen storage material

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 32-49页

作者： Li-Rong Xiao Chen Chen Shuo Wang Zi-Yin Dai Hideo Kimura Cui Ni Chuan-xin Hou Xue-qin Sun Si-Jie Guo Wei Du Xiu-Bo Xie School of Environmental and Material Engineering Yantai University Bosch HUAYU Steering Systems (Yantai) Co. Ltd.Ytp/MFE University of Tennessee Knoxville Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta Shandong University of Aeronautics

MgH2is considered as a promising hydrogen storage material for its high hydrogen storage capacity,low cost and abundant resource ***,the low kinetics and high enthalpy formation of MgH2limit its wide *** the perspective of adding catalysts to enhance the hydrogen storage properties of Mg-MgH2,this article elaborated the main catalysts based on Ti and Nb transition elements,including single oxide catalysts,binary oxides catalysts（combined with Ni,Na,Sr,V,etc.）,multiple catalysts bound to carbon,and composite catalysts with Ti and Nb elements combined with MXene ***,the main pathways of various catalysts to reduce the reaction activity and broaden the hydrogen desorption channel were also *** Ti-based catalysts can enhance the reactive sites of the matrix by forming multivalent states,while Nb-based catalysts broaden the hydrogen reaction channels by forming tiny *** improving the size structure and enhancing the grain size stability,combined with carbon materials should be the future considerations.

关键词： Catalysts Mg-based hydrogen storage alloys Solid hydrogen storage Transition metal elements

Si掺杂对Ga_(2)O_(3)/BP异质结光电性能调控的第一性原理研究

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第4期42卷 131-137页

作者：李佳宏郝增瑞薛瑞鑫阚红梅关玉琴内蒙古工业大学理学院呼和浩特010010

近年来,氧化镓(Ga_(2)O_(3))是新一代超宽禁带(4.9 eV)半导体,基于优越的热稳定和化学稳定性、高击穿场强和可见光透过率等优点,在日盲紫外探测器和透明光电器件领域中引起了广泛的关注.但是,Ga_(2)O_(3)基光电器件存在迁移率较低而限... 详细信息

近年来,氧化镓(Ga_(2)O_(3))是新一代超宽禁带(4.9 eV)半导体,基于优越的热稳定和化学稳定性、高击穿场强和可见光透过率等优点,在日盲紫外探测器和透明光电器件领域中引起了广泛的关注.但是,Ga_(2)O_(3)基光电器件存在迁移率较低而限制其应用的现象,而构建合适的Ga_(2)O_(3)异质结是改善光电探测器的光电性能的有效手段之一.基于第一性原理构建β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/BP异质结模型,研究了氧空位(Vo)和Si掺杂对β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/BP异质结光电性质的调控以及相关机理.结果显示:β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/BP异质结结构有效降低β-Ga_(2)O_(3)功函数,提高灵敏度,Si掺杂降低结合能,增强稳定性;β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/BP异质结有效减小带隙,Si掺杂以及氧空位的存在,进一步减小带隙,增强光导电性,并且Si掺杂引起了光电导各向异性.此结果对改善Ga_(2)O_(3)基异质结光电性能提供理论参考.

关键词： β-Ga_(2)O_(3)/BP异质结缺陷光电性质第一性原理

Modified unscented particle filter for nonlinear Bayesian tracking

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2008年第1期19卷 7-14页

作者： zhan Ronghui xin qin Wan Jianwei School of Electronic Science and Engineering National Univ. of Defense Technology. Changsha 410073 P. R. China

A modified unscented particle filtering scheme for nonlinear tracking is proposed, in view of the potential drawbacks （such as, particle impoverishment and numerical sensitivity in calculating the prior） of the conventional unscented particle filter （UPF） confronted in practice. Specifically, a different derivation of the importance weight is presented in detail. The proposed method can avoid the calculation of the prior and reduce the effects of the impoverishment problem caused by sampling from the proposal distribution, Simulations have been performed using two illustrative examples and results have been provided to demonstrate the validity of the modified UPF as well as its improved performance over the conventional one.

关键词： Bayesian estimation modified unscented particle filter nonlinear filtering unscented Kalman filter

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定窑遗址出土制瓷原料的科学分析

光谱学与光谱分析 2025年第1期45卷 72-81页

作者：陈殿崔剑锋秦大树黄信李鑫北京师范大学历史学院陶瓷考古与艺术研究中心北京100875 考古科学教育部重点实验室(北京大学) 北京100871 浙大城市学院考古学系浙江杭州310015 河北省文物考古研究院河北石家庄050031 中国社会科学院考古研究所北京100101

首次通过窑址发掘出土的制瓷原料,复原了定窑不同时代的胎釉配方。对2009年定窑作坊遗址考古发掘所出五代至宋金时期二十余种制瓷原料开展了ED-XRF成分分析和XRD结构分析等光谱学分析。ED-XRF成分分析显示,这些原料可能包括单一原料和... 详细信息

首次通过窑址发掘出土的制瓷原料,复原了定窑不同时代的胎釉配方。对2009年定窑作坊遗址考古发掘所出五代至宋金时期二十余种制瓷原料开展了ED-XRF成分分析和XRD结构分析等光谱学分析。ED-XRF成分分析显示,这些原料可能包括单一原料和混合原料两种。其中单一原料包括岩石、粘土以及草木灰。混合原料则包括胎料和釉料两种。XRD结构分析表明用于定窑白瓷生产高岭土类原料是含有蒙脱石和方解石的伴生石英的长石类矿物原料。高铁粘土类原料由于铁含量特别高,应当是用于配黑釉的粘土。钙质原料的分析与康葆强等学者对定窑配釉用的灰料可能使用了40%的白灰和60%的松木灰配制的结论相同。同时,还发现了釉灰,即草木煅烧石灰石后形成的混合灰料。在分析定窑白瓷釉时,认为五代的白瓷釉可能使用了釉灰配制,因此定窑釉灰的使用可能推早到五代,这是目前发现使用釉灰配釉最早的实例。对制胎原料XRD晶相分析的结果表明,除了石英和高岭石占主要比重外,还含有长石、蒙脱石、方解石等岩石类矿物。从对单一原料的X射线衍射的分析结果看,石英是粘土以及岩石这类单一原料中都含有的一类矿物,因此可能石英并非必须要添加的胎体原料。石英和高岭石是粘土原料中的主要成分,因此制胎原料应该主要以岩石类原料和粘土作为主要配料。定窑细白瓷胎料可能使用了粘土类原料配合第一类岩石类原料的配方,其配比在金代时大约为1∶1左右,北宋时期可能约为7∶3(粘土∶岩石),五代时大概为6∶4左右。对制釉原料分析结果表明,定窑配釉原料是岩石类原料与釉灰配合形成的,五代、北宋时岩石和灰的比例约为9∶1,金代时石:灰达到了9.5∶0.5。这使得我们对定窑鼎盛时期的白瓷胎釉配方有了更加清晰的了解,从而为开展定窑的复烧提供了确凿的依据。

关键词：定窑制瓷原料光谱学分析

Bio-inspired Backstepping Adaptive Sliding Mode Control for Parallel Mechanism with Actuation Redundancy

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2014年第5期11卷 555-564页

作者： Xue-mei Niu Guo-qin Gao xin-Jun Liu Zhi-Ming fang School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University

This paper presents a bio-inspired backstepping adaptive sliding mode control strategy for a novel 3 degree of freedom(3-DOF) parallel mechanism with actuation redundancy. Based on the kinematic model and the dynamic model, a sliding mode controller is designed to assure the tracking performance, and an adaptive law is introduced to approximate the system uncertainty including parameters variation, external disturbances and un-modeled part. Furthermore, a bio-inspired model is introduced to solve the inherent chattering problem of sliding mode control and provide a chattering free control. The simulation and experimental results testify that the proposed bio-inspired backstepping adaptive sliding mode control can achieve better performance(the tracking accuracy,robustness, response speed, etc.) than the conventional slide mode control.

关键词： Parallel mechanism redundant actuation kinematics analysis dynamics analysis adaptive sliding mode control bioinspired model

Preparation and photo-catalytic activity of TiO_2-coated medical stone-based porous ceramics

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2013年第6期20卷 593-597页

作者： Ru-qin Gao xin-mei Hou School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

Medical stone-based porous ceramics as a carrier were prepared by ultra-fine grinding and low-temperature sintering method. Nano-TiO~ thin films were loaded on the carrier by chemical liquid deposition method using titanium tetrachloride as a precursor. The micro-morphology and microstructure of the synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry, and mercury injection method. The photo-catalytic activity of the TiO2 thin films was investigated by degrading formaldehyde. The main crystalline phase in the TiO2 thin films calcined at 550~C is anatase with the average particle size about 10 nm. The specific surface area of the carrier-coated nano-TiO2 increases from 3.68 to 5.32 m2/g. The formaldehyde removal rate of the TiO2/medical stone-based porous ceramics irradiated under an ultraviolet lamp for 120 min reaches 85.6%.

关键词： porous materials ceramics medical stone titanium dioxide thin films formaldehyde photocatalysis