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Characteristics and sources of peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)in the rural North China Plain:Results from1-year continuous observations

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 719-731页

作者： xin liu Xiaowei He Chenglong Zhang Yifei Song Shuyang Xie Chengtang liu Pengfei liu Yuanyuan Zhang Yujing Mu Junfeng liu Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN)is an important photochemical pollutant in the troposphere,whereas long-term measurements are scarce in rural areas in North China Plain(NCP),resulting in unclear seasonal variations and sources of PAN in rural NCP.In this study,we conducted a 1-year observation of PAN during 2021-2022 at the rural NCP site.The average concentrations of PAN were 1.10,0.75,0.65,and 0.88 ppbv in spring,summer,autumn,and winter,respectively,with a 1-year average of 0.81±0.60 ppbv.Calculations indicate that the loss of PAN through thermal decomposition in summer accounts for 43.2% of the total formed PAN,which is an important reason for the low concentration of PAN in summer.We speculate that since the correlation between PAN and O_(3) in winter is significantly lower than that in other seasons,the observed regional transport of PAN cannot be ignored in winter.Through budget analysis,regional transport accounted for 12.8% and 55.9% of the observed PAN on the spring and winter pollution days,respectively,which showed that regional transport played key roles during the photochemical pollution of the rural NCP in winter.The potential source contribution function revealed that the transported PAN mainly comes from southern Hebei in spring.In winter,the transported PAN was mainly from Langfang,Hengshui,and southern Beijing.Our findings may aid in understanding PAN variations in different seasons in rural areas and highlight the impact of regional transport on the PAN budget.

关键词： Photochemical pollution Peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN) Seasonal variations Regional transport Rural area

Learning to sample initial solution for solving 0-1 discrete optimization problem by local search

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第6期67卷 1317-1340页

作者： xin liu Jianyong Sun Zongben Xu School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

Local search methods are convenient alternatives for solving discrete optimization problems(DOPs).These easy-to-implement methods are able to find approximate optimal solutions within a tolerable time limit.It is known that the quality of the initial solution greatly affects the quality of the approximated solution found by a local search method.In this paper,we propose to take the initial solution as a random variable and learn its preferable probability distribution.The aim is to sample a good initial solution from the learned distribution so that the local search can find a high-quality solution.We develop two different deep network models to deal with DOPs established on set(the knapsack problem)and graph(the maximum clique problem),respectively.The deep neural network learns the representation of an optimization problem instance and transforms the representation to its probability vector.Experimental results show that given the initial solution sampled from the learned probability distribution,a local search method can acquire much better approximate solutions than the randomly-sampled initial solution on the synthesized knapsack instances and the Erd?s-Rényi random graph instances.Furthermore,with sampled initial solutions,a classical genetic algorithm can achieve better solutions than a random initialized population in solving the maximum clique problems on DIMACS instances.Particularly,we emphasize that the developed models can generalize in dimensions and across graphs with various densities,which is an important advantage on generalizing deep-learning-based optimization algorithms.

关键词： discrete optimization deep learning graph convolutional network local search

Optimal confrontation position selecting games model and its application to one-on-one air combat

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 417-428页

作者： Zekun Duan Genjiu Xu xin liu Jiayuan Ma Liying Wang School of Mathematics and Statistics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China International Joint Research Center on Operations Research Optimization and Artificial IntelligenceXi'an 710129China AVIC Xi’an Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute Xi'an 710065China Unmanned System Research Institute Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

In the air combat process,confrontation position is the critical factor to determine the confrontation situation,attack effect and escape probability of UAVs.Therefore,selecting the optimal confrontation position becomes the primary goal of maneuver decision-making.By taking the position as the UAV’s maneuver strategy,this paper constructs the optimal confrontation position selecting games(OCPSGs)model.In the OCPSGs model,the payoff function of each UAV is defined by the difference between the comprehensive advantages of both sides,and the strategy space of each UAV at every step is defined by its accessible space determined by the maneuverability.Then we design the limit approximation of mixed strategy Nash equilibrium(LAMSNQ)algorithm,which provides a method to determine the optimal probability distribution of positions in the strategy space.In the simulation phase,we assume the motions on three directions are independent and the strategy space is a cuboid to simplify the model.Several simulations are performed to verify the feasibility,effectiveness and stability of the algorithm.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) Air combat Continuous strategy space Mixed strategy Nash equilibrium

Environmental hazards and comprehensive utilization of solid waste coal gangue

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第2期34卷 223-239页

作者： Qinwen Zheng Yi Zhou xin liu Meng liu Libing Liao Guocheng Lv Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Material Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences

Coal mining and washing is accompanied by the production of large amounts of coal gangue, which exerts a notable influence on the natural environment. However, as a form of solid waste, coal gangue exhibits a wide range of potential applications in the field of recycling. Nowadays, 'the utilization rate and quality of coal gangue are inadequate, and the disposal capacity and scale of coal gangue obviously cannot meet the current global lowcarbon environmental protection requirements. The paper presents an overview of the present state of coal gangue production and utilization, and investigates the environmental impact caused by the practice of stacking coal gangue. We emphasize the current research status of gangue in various high-value application fields,including environmental materials, agricultural production, construction materials, recovery and extraction of valuable elements, and energy generation. It highlights the significance of pre-treatment methods like activation,modification, and innocuousness for the comprehensive utilization of gangue. Additionally, we briefly introduce and discusses the future directions of research and development in this area. Nevertheless, with regard to the environmental impact of secondary contamination and the efficiency of gangue utilization, there remain numerous obstacles and unresolved matters that merit further investigation. It is believed that this review can offer valuable insights into the utilization of gangue development methods, and expedite the successful implementation and practical application of large-scale treatment and disposal of solid waste.

关键词： Coal gangue Comprehensive utilization Environmental effect Mineral material Solid waste recycling

Calcium-chelating peptides from rabbit bone collagen:characterization,identification and mechanism elucidation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1485-1493页

作者： Fuhuan Yuan Yu Fu Liang Ma Hankun Zhu Yong Yu xin Feng Yi Sun Hongjie Dai xin liu Zhengfang liu Yuhao Zhang College of Food Science Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing Chongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing(Southwest University) Ministry of EducationChongqing 400715China Angel Yeast Co. Ltd.Yichang 443003China

This study aimed to characterize and identify calcium-chelating peptides from rabbit bone collagen and explore the underlying chelating mechanism.Collagen peptides and calcium were extracted from rabbit bone by instant ejection steam explosion(ICSE)combined with enzymatic hydrolysis,followed by chelation reaction to prepare rabbit bone peptide-calcium chelate(RBCP-Ca).The chelating sites were further analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass(LC-MS/MS)spectrometry while the chelating mechanism and binding modes were investigated.The structural characterization revealed that RBCP successfully chelated with calcium ions.Furthermore,LC-MS/MS analysis indicated that the binding sites included both acidic amino acids(Asp and Glu)and basic amino acids(Lys and Arg),Interestingly,three binding modes,namely Inter-Linking,Loop-Linking and Mono-Linking were for the first time found,while Inter-Linking mode accounted for the highest proportion(75.1%),suggesting that chelation of calcium ions frequently occurred between two peptides.Overall,this study provides a theoretical basis for the elucidation of chelation mechanism of calcium-chelating peptides.

关键词： Rabbit bone Collagen peptide Peptide-calcium chelate Chelation mechanism Liquid chromatography-tandem mass(LC-MS/MS)

Effects of pyraclostrobin on growth,oxidative stress,and gene expression in relation to stress and ATP-binding cassette transporters in Tetrahymena thermophila

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第1期42卷 150-162页

作者： Yang liu Jiale ZHANG Peng XIAO xin liu Yisifu MA Jing ZHANG Bangjun ZHANG Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology and Health Protection Xinxiang 453007China College of Life Sciences Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Journal of Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China College of Life and Environmental Science Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China Department of Ecosystem Studies School of Environmental ScienceUniversity of Shiga PrefectureShiga 522-8533Japan

Pyraclostrobin(PYR),a widely used fungicide,has negative effects on fish and algae,but its toxicity in protozoa remains unclear.In this study,the effects of PYR on the growth,oxidative stress,and gene expression related to stress and ATP-binding cassette(ABC)transporters in Tetrahymena thermophila were investigated.The result showed that the 96-h IC_(50)of PYR against T.thermophila was 17.2 mg/L.Moreover,PYR inhibited the growth of T.thermophila in concentration-or time-dependent manner.A morphological study revealed that the shape and size of T.thermophila changed,and damage of cell membrane surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy after 96 h of PYR exposure.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)increased throughout the experiment.In contrast,the glutathione(GSH)content was increased at 24 h and 48 h of exposure and decreased at 96 h.Moreover,a significant increase in malondialdehyde(MDA)level was observed in T.thermophila after96 h of exposure.Furthermore,PYR upregulated the HSP703,HSP705,GPx2,and ABAC15 gene expression in the 0.1–5-mg/L groups and downregulated the HSP704,HSP90,TGR,and ABCC52 mRNA levels at 96 h of exposure.These results suggest that PYR may exert adverse effects on T.thermophila by inducing oxidative stress and changing the gene expression related to ABC transporters and stress,which may enrich the understanding of the toxicity mechanism of PYR in aquatic organisms and provide reference data for aquatic ecological risk assessments.

关键词： pyraclostrobin Tetrahymena thermophila growth oxidative stress gene expression

Ischemia-reperfusion injury:molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 558-596页

作者： Meng Zhang Qian liu Hui Meng Hongxia Duan xin liu Jian Wu Fei Gao Shijun Wang Rubin Tan Jinxiang Yuan The Collaborative Innovation Center Jining Medical UniversityJiningShandong 272067China Clinical Medical College Jining Medical UniversityJiningShandong 272067China Second Clinical Medical College Jining Medical UniversityJiningShandong 272067China Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Physiology Basic medical schoolXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004China

Ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury paradoxically occurs during reperfusion following ischemia,exacerbating the initial tissue damage.The limited understanding of the intricate mechanisms underlying I/R injury hinders the development of effective therapeutic interventions.The Wnt signaling pathway exhibits extensive crosstalk with various other pathways,forming a network system of signaling pathways involved in I/R injury.This review article elucidates the underlying mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling,as well as the complex interplay between Wnt and other pathways,including Notch,phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B,transforming growth factor-β,nuclear factor kappa,bone morphogenetic protein,N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor-Ca2+-Activin A,Hippo-Yes-associated protein,toll-like receptor 4/toll-interleukine-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β,and hepatocyte growth factor/mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor.In particular,we delve into their respective contributions to key pathological processes,including apoptosis,the inflammatory response,oxidative stress,extracellular matrix remodeling,angiogenesis,cell hypertrophy,fibrosis,ferroptosis,neurogenesis,and blood-brain barrier damage during I/R injury.Our comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling during I/R reveals that activation of the canonical Wnt pathway promotes organ recovery,while activation of the non-canonical Wnt pathways exacerbates injury.Moreover,we explore novel therapeutic approaches based on these mechanistic findings,incorporating evidence from animal experiments,current standards,and clinical trials.The objective of this review is to provide deeper insights into the roles of Wnt and its crosstalk signaling pathways in I/R-mediated processes and organ dysfunction,to facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic agents for I/R injury.

关键词： therapeutic reperfusion damage

Adaptive 5G-and-beyond network-enabled interpretable federated learning enhanced by neuroevolution

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 107-132页

作者： Bin CAO Jianwei ZHAO xin liu Yun LI State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology School of Artificial Intelligence Hebei University of Technology School of Economics and Management Hebei University of Technology Industrial Artificial Intelligence Centre Shenzhen Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Mobile telemedicine systems based on the next-generation communication will significantly enhance deep fusion of network automation and federated learning(FL), but data privacy is a paramount issue in sectors like healthcare. This work hence considers FL augments 5G-and-beyond networks by training deep learning(DL) models without the need to exchange raw data. The substantial communication loads imposed on by extensive parameters involved in DL models are managed through adaptive scheduling mechanisms effectively. To address the opaque nature of DL models and to improve the interpretability of FL models, we introduce a convolutional fuzzy rough neural network specifically designed for medical image processing. We also develop a multiobjective memetic evolutionary algorithm to streamline and optimize the neural network architectures. Our comprehensive FL framework integrates smart scheduling, interpretable fuzzy rough logic,and neuroevolution. This framework is shown to improve communication efficiency, increase interpretability of diagnosis with protected privacy, and generate low-complexity neural architectures.

关键词： 5G-and-beyond network interpretable federated learning mobile telemedicine system fuzzy rough set theory neuroevolution

High-throughput calculation-based rational design of Fe-doped MoS_(2) nanosheets for electrocatalytic p H-universal overall water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 194-202页

作者： Guangtong Hai Xiangdong Xue Zhenyu Wu Canyang Zhang xin liu Xiubing Huang Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou Zhejiang UniversityQuzhou 324000ZhejiangChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Engineering Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule&Structure ConstructionSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100083China CentreÉnergie Matériaux et Télécommunications(EMT) Institut national de la recherche scientifique(INRS)Varennes J3X1P7QuébecCanada

Electrocatalytic water splitting is crucial for H2generation via hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)but subject to the sluggish dynamics of oxygen evolution reaction(OER).In this work,single Fe atomdoped MoS_(2)nanosheets(SFe-DMNs)were prepared based on the high-throughput density functional theory(DFT)calculation screening.Due to the synergistic effect between Fe atom and MoS_(2)and optimized intermediate binding energy,the SFe-DMNs could deliver outstanding activity for both HER and OER.When assembled into a two-electrode electrolytic cell,the SFe-DMNs could achieve the current density of 50 mA cm^(-2)at a low cell voltage of 1.55 V under neutral condition.These results not only confirmed the effectiveness of high-throughput screening,but also revealed the excellent activity and thus the potential applications in fuel cells of SFe-DMNs.

关键词： High-throughput calculation Overall water splitting Single atom doped catalyst Molybdenum disulfide nanosheet