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激光散斑衬比成像技术在慢性脑缺血动物模型中的应用研究进展

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中国比较医学杂志 2024年第2期34卷 154-160页

作者：唐鑫谭洁湖南中医药大学针灸推拿与康复学院长沙410208

激光散斑衬比成像技术采用可视化、可量化的方法实时动态测量组织或器官的微循环血流量。因其活体检测、实时成像及操作简单等优点,已在微循环检测的多个领域中应用。慢性脑缺血动物模型主要通过减少双侧颈总动脉向大脑输送血流量的方... 详细信息

激光散斑衬比成像技术采用可视化、可量化的方法实时动态测量组织或器官的微循环血流量。因其活体检测、实时成像及操作简单等优点,已在微循环检测的多个领域中应用。慢性脑缺血动物模型主要通过减少双侧颈总动脉向大脑输送血流量的方法造模,可造成脑供血长期不足。激光散斑衬比成像技术可通过对慢性脑缺血动物模型皮层脑血流量、侧支循环开放、神经血管耦合反应等进行观察分析,从而判断动物模型造模是否成功及干预方法对其的治疗效果。本文就激光散斑衬比成像技术在慢性脑缺血动物模型中的应用及其优缺点进行总结,以期为临床治疗和科研提供新思路。

关键词：激光散斑衬比成像慢性脑缺血动物模型综述

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基于系统工程的HSEV有组织科技创新

研究与发展管理 2024年第4期36卷 1-4页

作者：唐立新东北大学沈阳110819

以习近平同志为核心的党中央历来高度重视科技事业发展。习近平总书记在2024年全国科技大会、国家科学技术奖励大会、两院院士大会上的讲话指出:“科技兴则民族兴,科技强则国家强”。当前,新一轮科技革命和产业变革深入发展,科学研究不... 详细信息

以习近平同志为核心的党中央历来高度重视科技事业发展。习近平总书记在2024年全国科技大会、国家科学技术奖励大会、两院院士大会上的讲话指出:“科技兴则民族兴,科技强则国家强”。当前,新一轮科技革命和产业变革深入发展,科学研究不断突破人类认知边界,技术创新进入前所未有的密集活跃期。充分发挥新型举国体制优势,加快推进高水平科技自立自强;扎实推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合,助力发展新质生产力;一体推进教育科技人才事业发展,构筑人才竞争优势。全国16所工科重点大学科技联盟(以下简称“16U科技联盟”)秘书处与《研究与发展管理》编辑部自2022年以来,每年合作推出一期“科创大家谈”特邀专栏。为进一步推动实现我国高水平科技自立自强,充分激发创新创造活力,助力发展新质生产力,今年专栏特邀唐立新、元英进、姜培学、邓龙江、朱为宏、童小华六位院士撰文,以期从不同角度引发读者思考。唐立新院士指出东北大学践行“系统规划、精细管理、工程控制、高效创新”的科研理念,构建科学-技术-工程深度融通的全链条创新模式,强化科技创新顶层设计和系统布局,高效推进有组织科研管理。元英进院士阐释了绿色生物制造具有的新质生产力的典型特征,表示绿色生物制造是新质生产力的重要源泉,同时对如何加速实现绿色生物制造形成新质生产力提出独到见解。姜培学院士结合清华大学实践经验,提出高校要秉持“顶天、立地、树人”科研宗旨,统筹推进“教育、科技、人才”一体化发展,建立高水平人才培养体系,为建设教育强国、科技强国、人才强国提供战略支撑。邓龙江院士结合个人科研经历和参与16U科技联盟的体会,指出高水平科技创新人才应具有“厚基础、能布局、重前瞻、看得远、把方向、善管理”特质,同时对高水平科技创新人才的成长路径提出建议。朱为宏院士提出研究型工科大学应承担起构建特色科技创新体系、培养一流科技领军人才的时代重任,提供高质量源头供给和高素质人才支撑,同时结合华东理工大学产学研模式探讨研究型工科大学为发展新质生产力提供高水平转化服务路径。童小华院士结合同济大学科技创新工作实践,加快构建高水平研究型大学科技创新体系,推动科技自立自强高质量发展,阐明了自己的深刻认识、独到见解。“科创大家谈”特邀专栏已发表来自16U科技联盟高校的16位战略科学家、科技管理岗位领导的文章,高瞻远瞩、笃行致远。在此,对各位作者拨冗撰文表示由衷感谢!对16U科技联盟秘书处给予的鼎力支持致以诚挚谢忱!

关键词：科技创新体系工科大学科技创新人才产学研模式科技领军人才自立自强科技强国产业变革

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中国城乡居民养老保险的收入差距调节效应

北京理工大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第3期26卷 144-157页

作者：李宏唐新东北财经大学公共管理学院辽宁大连116025

城乡居民基本养老保险作为社会养老保险体系的核心组成部分,理应在更好解决“老有所养”的同时,发挥出进一步破解城乡二元格局、调节收入分配和缩小城乡差距的功能与效果。基于相关年份分省面板数据和中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,对现... 详细信息

城乡居民基本养老保险作为社会养老保险体系的核心组成部分,理应在更好解决“老有所养”的同时,发挥出进一步破解城乡二元格局、调节收入分配和缩小城乡差距的功能与效果。基于相关年份分省面板数据和中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,对现阶段城乡居民基本养老保险收入差距调节效应,结合宏观和微观两个视角逐步进行了实证检验与分析探讨。研究结果表明,在全国层面上,现阶段城乡居民基本养老保险发展与城乡收入差距之间存在显著非线性关系,并且呈现出先扩大而后缩小的“倒U形”轨迹;同时,微观检验也部分地验证了这一结果。为此提出:(1)应高度重视城乡居民基本养老保险的收入分配调节功能与差异化发展趋势;(2)应逐步完善城乡居民基本养老保险的缴费和待遇调整机制;(3)应通过高质量发展和促进农民和弱势群体收入增长来更好地发挥城乡居民基本养老保险的消除老年贫困和收入分配调节功能。

关键词：城乡居民基本养老保险城乡居民收入收入差距调节

Measurement of the neutron-induced total cross sections of ^(nat)Pb from 0.3 eV to 20 MeV on the Back-n at CSNS

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 85-93页

作者： Jie-Ming Xue Song Feng Yong-Hao Chen Han Yi Min Xiao Pin-Jing Cheng xin-Xiang Li Rong Liu Yi-Wei Yang Zi-Jie Han Da-Jun Zhao Hao-Qiang Wang Bao-Qian Li Ji-Rong Zhao Lei-Xun tang Wen Luo Bo Zheng School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China

The neutron-induced total cross sections of natural lead have been measured in a wide energy range(0.3 eV-20 MeV)on the back-streaming white neutron beamline(Back-n)at the China Spallation Neutron *** energy was determined by the neutron total cross-section spectrometer using the time-of-flight technique.A fast multi-cell fission chamber was used as the neutron detector,and a 10-mm-thick high-purity natural lead sample was employed for the neutron transmission *** on-beam background was determined using Co,In,Ag,and Cd *** excitation function of ^(nat)Pb(n,tot)reaction below 20 MeV was calculated using the TALYS-1.96 nuclear-reaction modeling *** present results were compared with previous results,the evaluated data available in the five major evaluated nuclear data libraries(i.e.,ENDF/B-VIII.0,JEFF-3.3,JENDL-5,CENDL-3.2,and BROND-3.1),and the theoretical calculation *** agreement was found between the new results and those of previous experiments and with the theoretical curves in the corresponding *** measurement obtained the neutron total cross section of natural lead with good accuracy over a wide energy range and added experimental data in the resonance energy *** provides more reliable experimental data for nuclear engineering design and nuclear data evaluation of lead.

关键词： Neutron-induced total cross section Natural lead Time-of-flight TALYS-1.96 CSNS Back-n white neutron beamline

Genetically modified pigs with CD163 point mutation are resistant to HP-PRRSV infection

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 833-844页

作者： Ying Liu Lin Yang Hong-Yong Xiang Ming Niu Jia-Cheng deng Xue-Yuan Li Wen-Jie Hao Hong-Sheng Ou-Yang Tong-Yu Liu Xiao-Chun tang Da-xin Pang Hong-Ming Yuan State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Animal Genome Editing Technology Innovation CenterCollege of Animal SciencesJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130062China Chifeng Best Genetics Technology Co. Ltd.ChifengNei Mongol 024000China Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd.Chongqing 400015China

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS)is a globally prevalent contagious disease caused by the positive-strand RNA PRRS virus(PRRSV),resulting in substantial economic losses in the swine *** the CD163 SRCR5 domain,either through deletion or substitution,can eff1ectively confer resistance to PRRSV infection in ***,large fragment modifications in pigs inevitably raise concerns about potential adverse effects on growth *** the impact of genetic modifications on normal physiological functions is a promising direction for developing PRRSV-resistant *** the current study,we identified a specific functional amino acid in CD163 that influences PRRSV *** infection experiments conducted on Marc145 and PK-15CD163 cells illustrated that the mE535G or corresponding pE529G mutations markedly inhibited highly pathogenic PRRSV(HP-PRRSV)proliferation by preventing viral binding and ***,individual viral challenge tests revealed that pigs with the E529G mutation had viral loads two orders of magnitude lower than wild-type(WT)pigs,confirming effective resistance to *** of the physiological indicators and scavenger function of CD163 verified no significant differences between the WT and E529G *** findings suggest that E529G pigs can be used for breeding PRRSV-resistant pigs,providing novel insights into controlling future PRRSV outbreaks.

关键词： PRRSV CD163 Point mutation E529G Pigs

Relationship Between Climate Change and Marmot Plague of Marmota himalayana Plague Focus—the Altun Mountains of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China,2000–2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第4期6卷 69-74,I0006页

作者： Qun Duan Xiaojin Zheng Zhiqiang Gan Dongyue Lyu Hanyu Sha xinmin Lu Xiaoling Zhao Asaiti Bukai Ran Duan Shuai Qin Li Wang Jinxiao Xi Di Wu Peng Zhang deming tang Zhaokai He Huaiqi Jing Biao Kan xin Wang National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Akesai Kazak Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jiuquan CityGansu ProvinceChina Jiuquan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jiuquan CityGansu ProvinceChina Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Lanzhou CityGansu ProvinceChina

Introduction:Plague is a zoonotic disease that occurs naturally in specific geographic *** change can influence the populations of the plague host or vector,leading to variations in the occurrence and epidemiology of plague in ***:In this study,we collected meteorological and plague epidemiological data from the Marmota himalayana plague focus in the Altun Mountains of the Qinghai-Xizang *** data spanned from 2000 to *** describe the climatic factors and plague epidemic conditions and we describe their analysis by Pearson’s ***:During the period from 2000 to 2022,the isolation rates of Yersinia pestis(***)from marmots and fleas were 9.27%(451/4,864)and 7.17%(118/1,646),***,we observed a positive rate of F1 antibody of 11.25%(443/3,937)in marmots and 18.16%(142/782)in *** regards to climate,there was little variation,and a decreasing trend in blowing-sand days was *** temperature in the previous year showed a negative correlation with the *** isolation rate in marmots(r=−0.555,P=0.011)and the positive rate of F1 antibody in marmots(r=−0.552,P=0.012)in the current *** average annual precipitation in the previous two years showed a positive correlation with marmot density(r=0.514,P=0.024),while blowingsand days showed a negative correlation with marmot density(r=−0.701,P=0.001).Furthermore,the average annual precipitation in the previous three years showed a positive correlation with the isolation rate of *** from marmots(r=0.666,P=0.003),and blowing-sand days showed a negative correlation with marmot density(r=−0.597,P=0.009).Conclusions:The findings of this study indicate that there is a hysteresis effect of climate change on the prevalence of ***,monitoring climate conditions can offer significant insights for implementing timely preventive and control measures to combat plague epidemics.

关键词： Plague epidemiology Plateau

Intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1:A new player associated with impaired counterregulatory responses to hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetic mice

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1764-1777页

作者： Fang-xin Jin Yan Wang Min-Ne Li Ru-Jiang Li Jun-tang Guo department of Histology and Embryology Key Laboratory of Universities in Shandong ProvinceShandong Second Medical UniversityWeifang 261053Shandong ProvinceChina department of Pathological Physiology Shandong Second Medical UniversityWeifang 261053Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Impaired hypoglycaemic counterregulation has emerged as a critical concern for diabetic patients who may be hesitant to medically lower their blood glucose levels due to the fear of potential hypoglycaemic ***,the pathogenesis of hypoglycaemic counterregulation is still ***-like peptide-1(GLP-1)and its analogues have been used as adjunctive therapies for type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM).The role of GLP-1 in counterregulatory dysfunction during hypoglycaemia in patients with T1DM has not been *** To explore the impact of intestinal GLP-1 on impaired hypoglycaemic counterregulation in type 1 diabetic *** T1DM was induced in C57BL/6J mice using streptozotocin,followed by intraperitoneal insulin injections to create T1DM models with either a single episode of hypoglycaemia or recurrent episodes of hypoglycaemia(DH5).Immunofluorescence,Western blot,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to evaluate the influence of intestinal GLP-1 on the sympathetic-adrenal reflex and glucagon(GCG)*** GLP-1 receptor agonist GLP-1(7-36)or the antagonist exendin(9-39)were infused into the terminal ileum or injected intraperitoneally to further investigate the role of intestinal GLP-1 in hypoglycaemic counterregulation in the model *** The expression levels of intestinal GLP-1 and its receptor(GLP-1R)were significantly increased in DH5 *** instances of excess of intestinal GLP-1 weakens the sympathetic-adrenal reflex,leading to dysfunction of adrenal counterregulation during ***5 mice showed increased pancreaticδ-cell mass,cAMP levels inδcells,and plasma somatostatin concentrations,while cAMP levels in pancreaticαcells and plasma GCG levels ***,GLP-1R expression in islet cells and plasma active GLP-1 levels were significantly increased in the DH5 *** experiments involving terminal ileal infusion and intraperitoneal injection in the model mice demonstra

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 Impaired hypoglycaemic counterregulation Type 1 diabetes Intestine Pancreas

弱电网下并网变流器相位裕度的分频段补偿方法

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中国电机工程学报 2024年第4期44卷 1565-1575,I0026页

作者：唐欣何洋李珍李晓萌长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院湖南省长沙市410114

在弱电网条件下,针对并网变流器各控制环节与电网阻抗之间交互作用,容易引发系统振荡而造成失稳问题,文中提出一种分频段相位补偿控制策略。首先,建立dq坐标下的并网变流器输出导纳矩阵模型,针对在低频段由锁相环引起的变流器输出导纳... 详细信息

在弱电网条件下,针对并网变流器各控制环节与电网阻抗之间交互作用,容易引发系统振荡而造成失稳问题,文中提出一种分频段相位补偿控制策略。首先,建立dq坐标下的并网变流器输出导纳矩阵模型,针对在低频段由锁相环引起的变流器输出导纳的负阻尼特性,不改变锁相环动态特性而通过分析锁相环对控制系统的影响路径,加入含积分元素的补偿矩阵抵消锁相环的负阻尼影响,同时简化导纳模型;进而,引入仅含常数元素的补偿矩阵实现超前校正,对电流环带宽外的负阻尼进行相位补偿,使导纳矩阵元素在全频段为正实部,为并网控制系统提供正阻尼,从而增强并网变流器的稳定性。最后,通过仿真和实验在不同短路比条件下对文中提出的补偿方案进行验证,证明所提方案的有效性。

关键词：并网变流器导纳矩阵模型锁相环相位补偿稳定性

基于种特异性COI引物(SS-COI)的桉树枝瘿姬小蜂A、B隐种快速鉴定技术

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环境昆虫学报 2024年第4期46卷 998-1005页

作者：王瀚棠彭欣杨振德广西大学林学院广西森林生态与保育重点实验室南宁530004 广西高校亚热带人工林培育与利用重点实验室南宁530004

隐种A和隐种B是桉树枝瘿姬小蜂Leptocybe invasa两种重要的全球入侵隐种,对多国林业生产造成了严重危害。由于桉树枝瘿姬小蜂体型微小,且无法从形态上区分隐种类型,给该害虫的防治造成困难。本研究基于线粒体DNA细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I(mt... 详细信息

隐种A和隐种B是桉树枝瘿姬小蜂Leptocybe invasa两种重要的全球入侵隐种,对多国林业生产造成了严重危害。由于桉树枝瘿姬小蜂体型微小,且无法从形态上区分隐种类型,给该害虫的防治造成困难。本研究基于线粒体DNA细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I(mtDNA COI)基因序列的种特异性(species-specific COI,SS-COI)PCR方法,研究桉树枝瘿姬小蜂隐种快速分子检测技术。基于隐种A、B的COI序列分别设计特异性SS-COI引物各1对(AF/AR和BF/BR)。使用这两对引物扩增同一桉树枝瘿姬小蜂样品DNA,即可有效进行隐种鉴定,同时两对引物也能互相验证鉴定结果。引物鉴定灵敏性检测结果显示,AF/AR与BF/BR均具有较高的鉴定灵敏性,其对DNA的有效鉴定浓度阈值分别为11.42 pg/μL和28.32 pg/μL。本研究开发的桉树枝瘿姬小蜂隐种A、B的快速鉴定方法解决了桉树枝瘿姬小蜂入侵地区隐种鉴别的难题,极大缩短鉴定时间、降低鉴定费用,为进一步探究桉树枝瘿姬小蜂隐种A、B的生物学差异以及它们对不同抗性品种桉树的适应能力提供技术参考。

关键词：桉树枝瘿姬小蜂隐种鉴定种特异性COI引物快速鉴定分子检测

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