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Insect Science 2013年第2期20卷 158-166页

作者： xin zhang kun yan zhu Department of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA

Chitin synthase （CHS） is an important enzyme catalyzing the formation of chitin polymers in all chitin containing organisms and a potential target site for insect pest control. However, our understanding of biochemical properties of insect CHSs has been very limited. We here report enzymatic and inhibitory properties of CHS prepared from the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. Our study, which represents the first time to use a nonradioactive method to assay CHS activity in an insect species, determined the optimal conditions for measuring the enzyme activity, including pH, temperature, and concentrations of the substrate uridine diphosphate N-acetyl-D-glucosamine （UDP- GlcNAc） and Mg＋＋. The optimal pH was about 6.5-7.0, and the highest activity was detected at temperatures between 37℃ and 44℃. Dithithreitol is required to prevent melanization of the enzyme extract. CHS activity was enhanced at low concentration of GIcNAc, but inhibited at high concentrations. Proteolytic activation of the activity is significant both in the 500×g supernatant and the 40 000×g pellet. Our study revealed only slight in vitro inhibition ofA. gambiae CHS activity by diflubenzuron and nikkomycin Z at the highest concentration （2.5μmol/L） examined. There was no in vitro inhibition by polyoxin D at any concentration examined. Furthermore, we did not observe any in vivo inhibition of CHS activity by any of these chemicals at any concentration examined. Our results suggest that the inhibition of chitin synthesis by these chemicals is not due to direct inhibition of CHS in A. gambiae.

关键词： Anophele gambiae chitin synthase diflubenzuron enzyme inhibition

Detwinning and Anneal-Hardening Behaviors of Pre-Twinned AZ31 Alloys under Cryogenic Loading

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1551-1563页

作者： Lingyu Zhao Wei zhu Chao zhang Yunchang xin Changjian yan Yao Cheng Zhaoyang Jin School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225127China Key Laboratory for Light-Weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing210009China Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology Guangzhou510070GuangdongChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology Nanjing Institute of TechnologyNanjing211167China

Detwinning behavior of a pre-twinned magnesium alloy AZ31 at cryogenic temperature was investigated,also with a focus on the annealing hardening behavior of samples with different fractions of ***-compression along the transverse direction with strains of 1.7%,3.0%,and 6.0% was applied to generated[1012]*** behavior,microstructure,and texture evolution during subsequent tension were *** results show that low temperature did not change the fact that detwinning still pre-dominated in the pre-twinned samples under reverse ***,a relatively harder migration of twin boundaries was found at cryogenic *** annealing hardening of 27-40 MPa was observed in the pre-twinned samples,and such a hardening effect shows a close relation with the fraction of pre-twins or the level of *** annealing hardening effect disappeared if the matrix was consumed by twins along with the increased pre-compression *** corresponding reasons for the annealing hardening behavior were discussed.

关键词： Mg alloys Detwinning Annealing hardening Cryogenic temperature Mechanical property

Regulations of m^(6)A and other RNA modifications and their roles in cancer

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第4期18卷 622-648页

作者： xin-Hui Chen kun-Xiong Guo Jing Li Shu-Hui Xu Huifang zhu Guang-Rong yan Biomedicine Research Center Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseaseGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and GynecologyState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseasethe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou510150China

RNA modification is an essential component of the epitranscriptome,regulating RNA metabolism and cellular *** types of RNA modifications have been identified to date;they include N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A),N^(1)-methyladenosine(m1A),5-methylcytosine(m5C),N^(7)-methylguanosine(m^(7)G),N^(6),2′-O-dimethyladenosine(m^(6)Am),N4-acetylcytidine(ac^(4)C),*** modifications,mediated by regulators including writers,erasers,and readers,are associated with carcinogenesis,tumor microenvironment,metabolic reprogramming,immunosuppression,immunotherapy,chemotherapy,etc.A novel perspective indicates that regulatory subunits and post-translational modifications(PTMs)are involved in the regulation of writer,eraser,and reader functions in mediating RNA modifications,tumorigenesis,and anticancer *** this review,we summarize the advances made in the knowledge of different RNA modifications(especially m^(6)A)and focus on RNA modification regulators with functions modulated by a series of factors in cancer,including regulatory subunits(proteins,noncoding RNA or peptides encoded by long noncoding RNA)and PTMs(acetylation,SUMOylation,lactylation,phosphorylation,etc.).We also delineate the relationship between RNA modification regulator functions and carcinogenesis or cancer ***,inhibitors that target RNA modification regulators for anticancer therapy and their synergistic effect combined with immunotherapy or chemotherapy are discussed.

关键词： RNA modification writers erasers readers regulatory subunits PTMs cancer

Effectiveness of cardioneuroablation in different subtypes of vasovagal syncope

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第6期21卷 651-657页

作者： Bin TU Zi-Hao LAI Ai-Yue CHEN Zhi-Yuan WENG Si-Min CAI zhu-xin zhang Li-kun ZHOU Li-Hui ZHENG yan YAO Arrhythmia Center Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesNational Key LaboratoryChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Cardiac Center Beijing Chaoyang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Cardiovascular Department The First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFujian Institute of HypertensionFujianChina Department of Cardiovascular The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiangChina

BACKGROUND Cardioneuroablation(CNA)has shown encouraging results in patients with vasovagal syncope(VVS).However,data on different subtypes was *** This observational study retrospectively enrolled 141 patients[mean age:40±18 years,51 males(36.2%)]with the diagnosis of *** characteristics among different types of VVS and the outcomes after CNA were *** After a mean follow-up of 4.3±1.5 years,41 patients(29.1%)experienced syncope/pre-syncope events after ***/pre-syncope recurrence significantly differed in each subtype(P=0.04).The cardioinhibitory type of VVS had the lowest recurrence rate after the procedure(n=6,16.7%),followed by mixed(n=26,30.6%)and vasodepressive(n=9,45.0%).Additionally,a significant difference was observed in the analyses of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve(P=0.02).Syncope/pre-syncope burden was significantly reduced after CNA in the vasodepressive type(P<0.01).Vasodepressive types with recurrent syncope/pre-syncope after CNA have a lower baseline deceleration capacity(DC)level than those without(7.4±1.0 ms vs.9.0±1.6 ms,P=0.01).Patients with DC<8.4 ms had an 8.1(HR=8.1,95%CI:2.2-30.0,P=0.02)times risk of syncope/pre-syncope recurrence after CNA compared to patients with DC≥8.4 ms,and this association still existed after adjusting for age and sex(HR=8.1,95%CI:2.2-30.1,P=0.02).CONCLUSIONS Different subtypes exhibit different event-free *** vasodepressive type exhibited the lowest event-free rate,but those patients with DC≥8.4 ms might benefit from CNA.

关键词： syncope subtypes diagnosis

Insights into the mechanism of L-malic acid on drip loss of chicken meat under commercial conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1312-1324页

作者： Haijun Sun Xue yan Lu Wang Ruimin zhu Meixia Chen Jingdong Yin xin zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd./Key Laboratory of Feed and Livestock and Poultry Products Quality&Safety ControlMinistry of AgricultureChengduSichuan 610023China Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Background A deterioration in the meat quality of broilers has attracted much more attention in recent years.L-malic acid(MA)is evidenced to decrease meat drip loss in broilers,but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still ***’s also not sure whether the outputs obtained under experimental conditions can be obtained in a com-mercial ***,we investigated the effects and mechanisms of dietary MA supplementation on chicken meat drip loss at large-scale *** Results showed that the growth performance and drip loss were improved by MA *** metabolome revealed that L-2-aminoadipic acid,β-aminoisobutyric acid,eicosapentaenoic acid,and nicotinamide,as well as amino acid metabolism pathways connected to the improvements of meat quality by MA *** transcriptome analysis further indicated that the effect of MA on drip loss was also related to the proper immune response,evidenced by the enhanced B cell receptor signaling pathway,NF-κB signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,and IL-17 signaling *** We provided evidence that MA decreased chicken meat drip loss under commercial *** and transcriptome revealed a comprehensive understanding of the underlying ***,MA could be used as a promising dietary supplement for enhancing the water-holding capacity of chicken meat.

关键词： Drip loss Immune response L-malic acid Meat quality Metabolome Transcriptome

Human radiological safety assessment for petawatt laser-driven ion acceleration experiments in CLAPA-T

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 8-15页

作者： Xiaopeng zhang Jiarui Zhao Shengxuan Xu Xun Chen Ying Gao Shiyou Chen kun zhu Xueqing yan Wenjun Ma State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology and Key Laboratory of HEDP of the Ministry of EducationCAPTPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsCASBeijing 100049China Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center HuairouBeijing 101400China Institute of Guangdong Laser Plasma Technology BaiyunGuangzhou 510540China

The newly built Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator-Therapy facility at Peking University will deliver 60 J/1 Hz laser pulses with 30 fs *** by this petawatt laser facility,proton beams with energy up to 200 MeV are expected to be generated for tumor *** high-repetition operation,both prompt radiation and residual radiation may cause safety ***,human radiological safety assessment before commissioning is *** this paper,we simulate both prompt and residual radiation using the Geant4 and FLUKA Monte Carlo codes with reasonable proton and as-produced electron beam *** find that the prompt radiation can be shielded well by the concrete wall of the experimental hall,but the risk from residual radiation is nonnegligible and necessitates adequate radiation *** the basis of the simulation results,we discuss the constraints imposed by radiation safety considerations on the annual working time,and we propose radiation cooling strategies for different shooting modes.

关键词： laser prompt acceleration

Ginsenoside modified lipid-coated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets: A novel approach to reduce complement protein adsorption and prolong in vivo circulation

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1845-1863页

作者： Jie Zhou Binyang Gao Huan zhang Rui yang Jianbo Huang xin Li Yi Zhong yan Wang Xiaoxia zhu yan Luo Feng yan Ultrasound Department of West China Hospital Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging of West China Hospital Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China West China Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Research Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Research Core Facilities of West China Hospital Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Lipid-coated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets(lp-NDs)hold great promise in bio-medicine as vehicles for drug delivery,molecular imaging and vaccine ***,their clinical utility is restricted by limited targeted accumulation,attributed to the innate immune system(IIS),which acts as the initial defense mechanism in *** study aimed to optimize lp-ND formulations to mini-mize non-specific clearance by the ***(Gs),the principal components of Panax ginseng,possessing complement inhibition ability,structural similarity to cholesterol,and comparable fat solubi-lity to phospholipids,were used as promising candidate IIS *** different types of ginsenoside-based Ip-NDs(Gs Ip-NDs)were created,and their efficacy in reducing IS recognition was *** Gs p-NDs were observed to inhibit the adsorption of C3 in the protein corona(PC)and the generation of *** Gs to Ip-NDs reduced complement adsorption and phagocytosis,resulting in a longer blood circulation time in vivo compared to lp-NDs that did not contain *** results suggest that Gs can act as anti-complement and anti-phagocytosis adjuvants,potentially reducing non-specific clear-ance by the IS and improving lifespan.

关键词： Lipid-coated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets Protein corona Complement C3 Phagocytosis Ginsenosidelipid-coated perfluorocarbon nanodroplets Innate immune system Complement system Mononuclear phagocytic system

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2(LRP2)is required for lipid export in the midgut of the migratory locust,Locusta migratoria

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1618-1633页

作者： Yiyan Zhao Weimin Liu Xiaoming Zhao Zhitao Yu Hongfang Guo yang yang Hans Merzendorfer kun yan zhu Jianzhen zhang Research Institute of Applied Biology Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid BiopesticidesShanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China College of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology University of TubingenTubingen 72076Germany Institute of Biology University of SiegenSiegen 57076Germany Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2(LRP2)is a multifunctional endocytic receptor expressed in epithelial *** mammals,it acts as an endocytic receptor that mediates the cellular uptake of cholesterol-containing apolipoproteins to maintain lipid ***,little is known about the role of LRP2 in lipid homeostasis in *** the present study,we investigated the function of LRP2 in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria(LmLRP2).The mRNA of LmLRP2 is widely distributed in various tissues,including integument,wing pads,foregut,midgut,hindgut,Malpighian tubules and fat body,and the amounts of LmLRP2 transcripts decreased gradually in the early stages and then increased in the late stages before ecdysis during the nymphal developmental *** immunohistochemistry revealed that the LmLRP2 protein is mainly located in cellular membranes of the midgut and *** RNAi to silence LmLRP2 caused molting defects in nymphs(more than 60%),and the neutral lipid was found to accumulate in the midgut and surface of the integument,but not in the fat body,of dsLmLRP2-treated *** results of a lipidomics analysis showed that the main components of lipids(diglyceride and triglyceride)were significantly increased in the midgut,but decreased in the fat body and ***,the content of total triglyceride was significantly increased in the midgut,but markedly decreased in the fat body and hemolymph in dsLmLRP2-injected *** results indicate that LmLRP2 is located in the cellular membranes of midgut cells,and is required for lipid export from the midgut to the hemolymphand fat body in locusts.

关键词： Locusta migratoria low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 midgut lipids transport RNAi

TuBG1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma via ATR/P53-apoptosis and cycling pathways

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 195-209页

作者： yan zhang Zhen-Zhen Wang An-Qi Han Ming-Ya yang Li-xin zhu Fa-Ming Pan Yong Wang Department of General Surgery The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601China Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China

Background:As reported,γ-tubulin(TuBG1)is related to the occurrence and development of various types of malignant ***,its role in hepatocellular cancer(HCC)is not *** present study was to investigate the relationship between TuBG1 and clinical parameters and survival in HCC ***:The correlation between TuBG1 and clinical parameters and survival in HCC patients was ex-plored by bioinformatics *** was used for the *** molecular function of TuBG1 was measured using colony formation,scratch assay,trans-well assay and flow *** set enrichment analysis(GSEA)was used to pick up the enriched pathways,followed by investigating the target pathways using Western *** tumor-immune system interactions and drug bank database(TISIDB)was used to evaluate TuBG1 and *** on the TuBG1-related immune genes,a prognostic model was constructed and was further validated internally and ***:The bioinformatic analysis found high expressed TuBG1 in HCC tissue,which was confirmed us-ing immunohistochemistry and Western *** silencing the TuBG1 in HCC cell lines,more G1 arrested cells were found,cell proliferation and invasion were inhibited,and apoptosis was ***,the silence of TuBG1 increased the expressions of Ataxia-Telangiectasia and Rad-3(ATR),phospho-P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(P-P38MAPK),phospho-P53(P-P53),B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein(Bax),cleaved caspase 3 and P21;decreased the expressions of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),cyclin D1,cyclin E2,cyclin-dependent kinase 2(CDK2)and *** correlation analysis of immunohistochemistry and clinical parameters and survival data revealed that TuBG1 was negatively corre-lated with the overall *** constructed immune prognosis model could effectively evaluate the ***:The increased expression of TuBG1 in HCC is associated with poor prognosis,which might be involved in the oc

关键词： TuBG1 Hepatocellular carcinoma Apoptosis Cell cycling Immunomodulators

Significant effect of ordered micro-domain on cell boundary phase distribution and demagnetization curve squareness of Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnet

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1724-1735页

作者： zhuang Liu Hai-Chen Wu Chao-Yue zhang Chao-Qun zhu Guo-xin Chen Huan-Ming Lu Ren-Jie Chen Aru yan CISRI&NIMTE Joint Innovation Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Analytical Center Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China

Cu-rich cell boundary phase is difficult to precipitate evenly,resulting in a generally poor demagnetization curve squareness for Fe-rich Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnet,which is a key factor limiting the further improvement of magnetic energy *** this study,we report that nanoscale strip-like ordered micro-domains distributed in1:7H disordered matrix phase of the solid solution precursor is a new factor significantly affecting the precipitation and distribution of the cell boundary *** strip-like and continuous micro-twin structure with twin boundaries neatly perpendicular to the C-axis is observed after sintering *** solution treatment,sequential and long strip-like micro-twins gradually transform into disordered state along the basal plane,forming narrow disordered 1:7H(TbCu_(7)-type structure)phase between the separated strip-like ordered *** disordering transformation takes place via broken down of the long strip-like ordered micro-domains,which is accomplished by narrowing along the width direction followed by reduction of the ***,a new model revealing the effect of the ordered micro-domains on the formation of the cell boundary phase is *** boundaries enriched in Cu have already existed in the precursor with long strip-like ordered ***,the Cu-rich cell boundary phase acting as strong pinning centers cannot be precipitated homogeneously and distributed continuously after aging,resulting in a poor demagnetization curve squareness of Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type *** results indicate that significant broken down of the nanoscale ordered micro-domains in solution precursor is the key factor improving the distribution of cell boundary phase in Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnets.

关键词： Sm_(2)Co_(17) magnets Solution precursor Ordered micro-domains Disordering transformation Cellular structure