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Photonic neuromorphic architecture for tens-of-task lifelong learning

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 519-530页

作者： yuan Cheng Jianing Zhang Tiankuang Zhou Yuyan Wang Zhihao Xu xiaoyun yuan Lu Fang Sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Beijing 100084China Institute for Brain and Cognitive Science Tsinghua University(THUIBCS)Beijing 100084China

Scalable,high-capacity,and low-power computing architecture is the primary assurance for increasingly manifold and large-scale machine learning *** electronic artificial agents by conventional power-hungry processors have faced the issues of energy and scaling walls,hindering them from the sustainable performance improvement and iterative multi-task *** to another modality of light,photonic computing has been progressively applied in high-efficient neuromorphic ***,we innovate a reconfigurable lifelong-learning optical neural network(L2 ONN),for highly-integrated tens-of-task machine intelligence with elaborated algorithm-hardware *** from the inherent sparsity and parallelism in massive photonic connections,L2 ONN learns each single task by adaptively activating sparse photonic neuron connections in the coherent light field,while incrementally acquiring expertise on various tasks by gradually enlarging the *** multi-task optical features are parallelly processed by multi-spectrum representations allocated with different *** evaluations on freespace and on-chip architectures confirm that for the first time,L2 ONN avoided the catastrophic forgetting issue of photonic computing,owning versatile skills on challenging tens-of-tasks(vision classification,voice recognition,medical diagnosis,etc.)with a single ***,L2 ONN achieves more than an order of magnitude higher efficiency than the representative electronic artificial neural networks,and 14×larger capacity than existing optical neural networks while maintaining competitive performance on each individual *** proposed photonic neuromorphic architecture points out a new form of lifelong learning scheme,permitting terminal/edge AI systems with light-speed efficiency and unprecedented scalability.

关键词： life neural versatile

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用于学习和解释行人预期行为的群体交互场

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Engineering 2024年第3期34卷 70-82页

作者： Xueyang Wang Xuecheng Chen Puhua Jiang Haozhe Lin xiaoyun yuan Mengqi Ji Yuchen Guo Ruqi Huang Lu Fang Sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen 518055China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Zhejiang Future Technology Institute Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua UniversityZhejiangJiaxing 314033China

Anticipating others’actions is innate and essential in order for humans to navigate and interact well with others in dense *** ability is urgently required for unmanned systems such as service robots and self-driving ***,existing solutions struggle to predict pedestrian anticipation accurately,because the influence of group-related social behaviors has not been well *** group relationships and group interactions are ubiquitous and significantly influence pedestrian anticipation,their influence is diverse and subtle,making it difficult to explicitly ***,we propose the group interaction field(GIF),a novel group-aware representation that quantifies pedestrian anticipation into a probability field of pedestrians’future locations and attention *** end-to-end neural network,GIFNet,is tailored to estimate the GIF from explicit multidimensional *** quantifies the influence of group behaviors by formulating a group interaction graph with propagation and graph attention that is adaptive to the group size and dynamic interaction *** experimental results show that the GIF effectively represents the change in pedestrians’anticipation under the prominent impact of group behaviors and accurately predicts pedestrians’future ***,the GIF contributes to explaining various predictions of pedestrians’behavior in different social *** proposed GIF will eventually be able to allow unmanned systems to work in a human-like manner and comply with social norms,thereby promoting harmonious human-machine relationships.

关键词： Human behavior modeling and prediction Implicit representation of pedestrian anticipation Group interaction Graph neural network

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High-temperature Oxidation Behavior of a High Manganese Austenitic Steel Fe–25Mn–3Cr–3Al–0.3C–0.01N

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第3期27卷 401-406页

作者： xiaoyun yuan Yantao Yao Liqing Chen State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University

In this paper, a Fe-Mn-Al-C austenitic steel with certain addition of Cr and N alloy was used as experimental material. By using the SETSYS Evolution synchronous differential thermal analysis apparatus, the scanning electron microscope （SEM）, the electron microprobe （EPMA） and the X-ray diffraction （XRD）, the high-temperature oxidation behavior microstructure and the phase compositions of this steel in air at 600-1,000 ℃ for 8 h have been studied. The results show that in the whole oxidation temperature range, there are three distinct stages in the mass gain curves at temperature higher than 800 ℃ and the oxidation process can be divided into two stages at temperature lower than 800 ℃. At the earlier stage the gain rate of the weight oxidized in temperature range of 850 ℃ to 1,000 ℃ are extremely lower. The oxidation products having different surface microstructures and phase compositions were produced in oxidation reaction at different temperatures. The phase compositions of oxide scale formed at 1,000 ℃ are composed of Fe and Mn oxide without Cr. However, protective film of Cr oxide with complicated structure can be formed when the oxidation temperature is lower than 800 ℃.

关键词： High manganese austenitic steel High-temperature oxidation Microstructure Phase composition

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综合能源系统电气热多能量流建模及优化

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上海交通大学学报 2024年第9期58卷 1297-1308页

作者：李冰洁袁晓昀史静徐华池罗子萱国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院南京210000 清华四川能源互联网研究院成都610042

针对区域综合能源系统中电、气、热多种能源形式的转换严重影响系统运行的经济性,建立区域综合能源系统(RIES)能量流数学模型和优化模型,以提升系统的经济性和对可再生能源的消纳.建立系统中各类能源转换设备数学模型,确定电力、燃气、... 详细信息

针对区域综合能源系统中电、气、热多种能源形式的转换严重影响系统运行的经济性,建立区域综合能源系统(RIES)能量流数学模型和优化模型,以提升系统的经济性和对可再生能源的消纳.建立系统中各类能源转换设备数学模型,确定电力、燃气、热能3种能源传输网络约束条件;以经济性运行为首要目标,兼顾低碳排放和提高可再生能源消纳率的目标函数,构建RIES多能流优化模型.在大型综合能源系统基础上,引入负荷侧需求响应,建立仿真模型.仿真结果表明,需求响应的引入提高了系统调度灵活性,减少了系统对储能设备的依赖,有效降低了用户的用能成本.

关键词：区域综合能源系统多能流线性化需求响应

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Effect of Cr on mechanical properties and corrosion behaviors of Fe-Mn-C-Al-Cr-N TWIP steels

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2017年第12期33卷 1555-1560页

作者： xiaoyun yuan Yang Zhao Xing Li Liqing Chen State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern University

By using scanning electron microscopy（SEM） equipped with electron back-scattered diffraction（EBSD）system, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and Corr Test4 electrochemical workstation, effects of chromium content（1.35 wt% - 3.95 wt%） on the mechanical properties and anti-corrosion behaviours of high manganese Fe-Mn-C-Al-Cr-N twinning-induced plasticity（TWIP） steels were studied. The results show that Cr content has an obvious influence on the mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of the high manganese TWIP steels. The yield and ultimate tensile strengths of the steel sheets were improved with increasing Cr content while the elongation was reduced. In addition, with the increase of Cr content, the fracture mode changed from ductile fracture pattern with coarse dimples and tear ridges（Cr content ≤ 2.35%） to intergranular fracture（when Cr content is 3.95%）. Furthermore, Cr content has a tremendous effect on anti-corrosion behaviors of the high manganese TWIP steels. The increase of Cr content enhanced the corrosion resistance of the annealed steel sheets by improving the proportion of low-angle boundary.

关键词： High-manganese steel TWIP steel Cr content Mechanical properties Corrosion resistance

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Effect of Isothermal Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Al–Low Si TRIP Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第3期27卷 389-394页

作者： Yang Zhao Qiangjun Yan Liqing Chen xiaoyun yuan School of Materials and Metallurgy Northeastern University New Product Development and Application Center Nanjing Iron and Steel Co. Ltd State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University

In this study, the effect of isothermal temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of a high Al-low Si TRIP steel was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron back scattered diffraction, and tensile test. The results show that typical microstructure containing ferrite, bainite, and retained austenite can be obtained when two-stage heat treatment process was utilized. When annealing temperature is 840 ℃ and austempering temperature is 400 ℃, the tensile strength is 542 MPa and the product of strength and elongation is 17,685 MPa%. The morphologies and stability of the retained austenite in low silicon/high aluminum TRIP steel were finally discussed.

关键词： TRIP steel Microstructure Mechanical properties Isothermal temperature Retained austenite

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A modular hierarchical array camera

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第4期10卷 542-550页

作者： xiaoyun yuan Mengqi Ji Jiamin Wu David JBrady Qionghai Dai Lu Fang Departm ent of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Optical Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA lnstitute of Brain and Cognitive Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Beijing 100084China

Array cameras removed the optical limitations of a single camera and paved the way for high-performance imaging via the combination of micro-cameras and computation to fuse multiple aperture ***,existing solutions use dense arrays of cameras that require laborious calibration and lack flexibility and *** by the cognition function principle of the human brain,we develop an unstructured array camera system that adopts a hierarchical modular design with multiscale hybrid cameras composing different *** computations are designed to collaboratively operate along both intra-and intermodule *** system can adaptively allocate imagery resources to dramatically reduce the hardware cost and possesses unprecedented flexibility,robustness,and *** scenes of real-world data were acquired to perform human-centric studies for the assessment of human behaviours at the individual level and crowd behaviours at the population level requiring highresolution long-term monitoring of dynamic wide-area scenes.

关键词： camera system removed

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A multichannel optical computing architecture for advanced machine vision

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第9期11卷 2235-2247页

作者： ZHIHAO XU xiaoyun yuan TIANKUANG ZHOU LU FANG Sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) BeijingChina Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School ShenzhenChina Institute for Brain and Cognitive Science Tsinqhua University(THUIBCS)BeijingChina

Endowed with the superior computing speed and energy efficiency,optical neural networks(ONNs)have attracted ever-growing attention in recent *** optical computing architectures are mainly single-channel due to the lack of advanced optical connection and interaction operators,solving simple tasks such as hand-written digit classification,saliency detection,*** limited computing capacity and scalability of single-channel ONNs restrict the optical implementation of advanced machine ***,we develop Monet:a multichannel optical neural network architecture for a universal multiple-input multiple-channel optical computing based on a novel projection-interference-prediction framework where the inter-and intra-channel connections are mapped to optical interference and *** our Monet,optical interference patterns are generated by projecting and interfering the multichannel inputs in a shared *** patterns encoding the correspondences together with feature embeddings are iteratively produced through the projection-interference process to predict the final output *** the first time,Monet validates that multichannel processing properties can be optically implemented with high-efficiency,enabling real-world intelligent multichannel-processing tasks solved via optical computing,including 3D/motion *** experiments on different scenarios demonstrate the effectiveness of Monet in handling advanced machine vision tasks with comparative accuracy as the electronic counterparts yet achieving a ten-fold improvement in computing *** intelligent computing,the trends of dealing with real-world advanced tasks are *** the capacity and scalability limitations of single-channel ONN and further exploring the multichannel processing potential of wave optics,we anticipate that the proposed technique will accelerate the development of more powerful optical Al as critical support for modern advanced mach

关键词： computing multichannel projection

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The shear strength of the interface between artificial rock and printed concrete at super-early ages

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 51-65页

作者： Yong yuan xiaoyun Wang Jiao-Long Zhang Yaxin Tao Kim Van Tittelboom Luc Taerwe Geert De Schutter College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Belgium-China Joint Laboratory for Industrialized Construction Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Magnel-Vandepitte Laboratory for Structural Engineering and Building Materials Ghent UniversityGhent 9052Belgium

3D concrete printing has the potential to replace shotcrete for construction of linings of tunnels in hard *** shear strength of the interface between rock and printed concrete is vital,especially at super-early ***,traditional methods for testing the shear strength of the interface,e.g.,the direct shear test,are time-consuming and result in a high variability for fast-hardening printed *** this paper,a new fast bond shear test is *** test can be completed in 1 min,with another 2 min for preparing the next *** influence of the matrix composition,the age of the printed matrices,and the interface roughness of the artificial rock substrate on the shear strength of the interface was experimentally *** tests were conducted at the age of the matrices at the 1st,the 4th,the 8th,the 16th,the 32nd,and the 64th min after its final setting.A dimensionless formula was established to calculate the shear strength,accounting for the age of the printed matrices,the interface roughness,and the shear failure *** was validated by comparing the calculated results and the experimental results of one group of samples.

关键词： rock tunnel printed concrete interface fast bond shear test shear strength

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Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Chloroplast Genomes of 19 Species in Rosaceae Family

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1203-1219页

作者： Riwa Mahai Rongpeng Liu Xiaolang Du Zejing Mu xiaoyun Wang Jun yuan Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang330004China College of Life Sciences Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang330004China

Rosaceae represents a vast and complex group of species,with its classiﬁcation being intricate and *** taxonomic placement of many species within this family has been a subject of ongoing *** study utilized the Illumina platform to sequence 19 plant species from 10 genera in the *** cp genomes,vary-ing in size from 153,366 to 159,895 bp,followed the typical quadripartite organization consisting of a large single-copy(LSC)region(84,545 to 87,883 bp),a small single-copy(SSC)region(18,174 to 19,259 bp),and a pair of inverted repeat(IR)regions(25,310 to 26,396 bp).These genomes contained 132–138 annotated genes,including 87 to 93 protein-coding genes(PCGs),37 tRNA genes,and 8 rRNA genes using MISA software,52 to 121 simple sequence repeat(SSR)loci were identiﬁ*** contained the least of SSRs and did not have hexanotides,*** contained the richest *** terminal repeats(LTRs)were primarily composed of palindromic and forward repeat sequences,meanwhile,The richest LTRs were found in Argentina *** for Argentina lineata,Fragariastrum eriocarpum,and Prunus trichostoma,which varied in gene type and position on both sides of the boundary,the remaining species were found to be mostly conserved according to IR boundary *** examination of the Ka/Ks ratio revealed that only the infA gene had a value greater than 1,indicating that this gene was primarily subjected to positive selection during ***,9 hotspots of variation were identiﬁed in the LSC and SSC *** analysis conﬁrmed the scientiﬁc validity of the genus Prunus *** lato(s.l.)within the Rosaceae *** separation of the three genera Argentina Hill,Fragariastrum *** *** Dasiphora *** Potentilla *** be a more scientiﬁc classiﬁ*** results offer fresh perspectives on the taxonomy of the Rosaceae.

关键词： Rosaceae chloroplast genomes comparative genomes phylogeny

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