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超声与CT技术在高原地区藏族人群肺结核疾病诊断价值的比较研究

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中国医学装备 2024年第7期21卷 92-95页

作者：张文刘晓宇温智峰刘有云冶骏王琰叶俊青海省中医院超声医学科西宁810000

目的:比较研究高原地区藏族人群肺结核患者超声与CT影像特点及诊断价值。方法:选择2022年5月至2023年11月青海省中医院收治的100例高原地区藏族人群肺结核患者,所有患者均行超声与CT检查,动态观察高原地区肺结核患者肺部病变的超声影像... 详细信息

目的:比较研究高原地区藏族人群肺结核患者超声与CT影像特点及诊断价值。方法:选择2022年5月至2023年11月青海省中医院收治的100例高原地区藏族人群肺结核患者,所有患者均行超声与CT检查,动态观察高原地区肺结核患者肺部病变的超声影像学特点,比较超声与CT检查对高原地区藏族人群肺结核的诊断效果。结果:超声与CT检查高原地区藏族人群肺结核的阳性检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.053,P>0.05)。超声诊断的灵敏度为97.80%、特异度为44.44%、约登指数42.24%,CT诊断的灵敏度为96.77%、特异度为42.86%、约登指数39.63%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.184,0.004,0.272,P>0.05)。超声与CT检查高原地区藏族人群肺结核病变肺叶分布检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.011,P>0.05)。超声与CT检查对高原地区藏族人群肺结核患者肺不张、空洞、钙化、伴随胸水的检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.190,0.197,0.190,0.046,P>0.05)。结论:超声检查的阳性检出率、病变肺叶分布检出率和肺不张、空洞、钙化、伴随胸水等肺结核并发或伴随征象检出率均与CT检查无差异,而高原地区医疗资源匮乏,缺少大型检查设备,应用超声检查进行肺结核普查及初步诊断,对缺少CT设备或受电力影响的高原地区更适合。

关键词：高原地区藏族人群肺结核超声计算机体层成像诊断

犬猫弓形虫病real-time荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立与应用

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中国兽医科学 2024年第5期54卷 602-608页

作者：施远国胡潇予柯艳坤李颖鑫文青元杨子鹏杨留禄袁子国深圳市动物疫病预防控制中心广东深圳518000 华南农业大学兽医学院广东广州510642

为建立一种灵敏性高、特异性强、可自动化检测犬猫弓形虫的分子学诊断方法,本研究提取弓形虫RH虫株DNA,以致密颗粒蛋白7(GRA7)基因保守区为靶标,设计特异性引物并构建标准质粒pMD18-GRA7,以标准质粒pMD18-GRA7作为模板,建立SYBR-Green... 详细信息

为建立一种灵敏性高、特异性强、可自动化检测犬猫弓形虫的分子学诊断方法,本研究提取弓形虫RH虫株DNA,以致密颗粒蛋白7(GRA7)基因保守区为靶标,设计特异性引物并构建标准质粒pMD18-GRA7,以标准质粒pMD18-GRA7作为模板,建立SYBR-GreenⅠ荧光定量PCR(real-time PCRor qPCR)检测方法。结果显示,该方法特异性引物只能扩增出弓形虫DNA样品,对阴性样品及其他犬猫寄生虫阳性样品DNA则未见扩增曲线。所建qPCR方法的检测下限为3 copies,当标准品浓度为3 copies/μL时,检测Ct值为29.4。对犬猫临床样品进行检测,并与商品化试剂盒结果相比校,阴阳性符合率达100%。上述结果表明,本研究建立的SYBR-GreenⅠ荧光定量PCR方法特异性好,敏感性强,结果稳定,可用于犬猫弓形虫病的临床检测。

关键词：弓形虫犬猫 GRA7 实时荧光定量PCR

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省级科技情报服务平台研究

竞争情报 2024年第2期20卷 43-52页

作者：王晓亮张秀芝文旭王晓宇赵舰滨州市科技创新发展研究院滨州256600

通过案例分析、网络调研等方法,研究了不同省份情报服务平台的基本情况,包括平台建设进展、数据应用、服务范围等,深入剖析省级科技情报服务平台的现状和问题,分析和研判信息安全形势。最后分别从评估机制、区域资源共享、技术手段以及... 详细信息

通过案例分析、网络调研等方法,研究了不同省份情报服务平台的基本情况,包括平台建设进展、数据应用、服务范围等,深入剖析省级科技情报服务平台的现状和问题,分析和研判信息安全形势。最后分别从评估机制、区域资源共享、技术手段以及人才队伍建设等方面提出创新情报服务机制的策略,并讨论了未来科技情报服务的研究方向,以期为提升省级平台情报综合服务能力提供借鉴和参考。

关键词：科技情报情报服务平台服务策略信息安全

校本学术英语口语测试与《中国英语能力等级量表》的对接研究

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外语测试与教学 2024年第2期 10-18页

作者：齐林意邸爱英王晓语文竞孙莉萍电子科技大学格拉斯哥学院四川成都611731

本研究采用以考生为中心的方法将国内某双一流高校大一下学期的校本学术英语口语测试成绩与《中国英语能力等级量表》进行了科学对接。本研究收集了496名被试的校本口语测试成绩,基于量表的自评等级和教师评级,分析了三类数据以探究对... 详细信息

本研究采用以考生为中心的方法将国内某双一流高校大一下学期的校本学术英语口语测试成绩与《中国英语能力等级量表》进行了科学对接。本研究收集了496名被试的校本口语测试成绩,基于量表的自评等级和教师评级,分析了三类数据以探究对应关系;之后对自评与教师评级差异较大的师生进行了半结构化访谈,以探究其原因。结果显示,口语成绩分组为优秀组的学生对应量表六级,良好组对应五级,中等组与及格组均对应四级,不及格组对应三级;绝大部分学生英语口语水平处于量表四级与五级。而学生自评等级显著低于教师评级,访谈显示这可能与学生缺乏某些情境经历、不熟悉某些语言任务或话题、对描述语理解不全面等因素有关。

关键词：《中国英语能力等级量表》口语测试对接教师评级学生自评

Lack of evolutionary convergence in multiple primary lung cancer suggests insufficient specificity of personalized therapy

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第5期50卷 330-340页

作者： Hua Cheng Ziyan Guo xiaoyu Zhang Xiao-Jin Wang Zizhang Li wen-wen Huo Hong-Cheng Zhong Xiao-Jian Li Xiang-wen Wu wen-Hao Li Zhuo-wen Chen Tian-Chi Wu Xiang-Feng Gan Bei-Long Zhong Vassily ALyubetsky Leonid Yu Rusin Junnan Yang Qiyi Zhao Qing-Dong Cao Jian-Rong Yang Department of Thoracic Surgery The Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong 519000China Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China Program in Cancer Research Zhongshan School of MedicineThe Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems Russian Academy Sciences Moscow 127051Russia Department of Mathematical Logic and Theory of Algorithms Faculty of Mechanics and MathematicsLomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia Department of Infectious Diseases Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510630China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research the Third Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510630China Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Ministry of EducationSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China

Multiple primary lung cancer(MPLC)is an increasingly prevalent subtype of lung cancer.According to recent genomic studies,the different lesions of a single MPLC patient exhibit functional similarities that may reflect evolutionary convergence.We perform whole-exome sequencing for a unique cohort of MPLC patients with multiple samples from each lesion found.Using our own and other relevant public data,evolutionary tree reconstruction reveals that cancer driver gene mutations occurred at the early trunk,indicating evolutionary contingency rather than adaptive convergence.Additionally,tumors from the same MPLC patient are as genetically diverse as those from different patients,while within-tumor genetic heterogeneity is significantly lower.Furthermore,the aberrant molecular functions enriched in mutated genes for a sample show a strong overlap with other samples from the same tumor,but not with samples from other tumors or other patients.Overall,there is no evidence of adaptive convergence during the evolution of MPLC.Most importantly,the similar between-tumor diversity and between-patient diversity suggest that personalized therapies may not adequately account for the genetic diversity among different tumors in an MPLC patient.To fully exploit the strategic value of precision medicine,targeted therapies should be designed and delivered on a per-lesion basis.

关键词： Multiple primary lung cancer Cancer evolution Convergent evolution

Growth substrates alter aboveground plant microbial and metabolic properties thereby influencing insect herbivore performance

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第8期66卷 1728-1741页

作者： Jun Yuan Tao wen Shengdie Yang Chao Zhang Mengli Zhao Guoqing Niu Penghao Xie xiaoyu Liu Xinyuan Zhao Qirong Shen T.Martijn Bezemer The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste UtilizationJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic WastesEducational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving fertilizersNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Biology Above-Belowground Interactions groupLeiden UniversityP.O.Box 95052300 RA LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Terrestrial Ecology Netherlands Institute of EcologyP.O.Box 506700 AB WageningenThe Netherlands

The gut microbiome of plant-eaters is affected by the food they eat,but it is currently unclear how the plant metabolome and microbiome are influenced by the substrate the plant grows in and how this subsequently impacts the feeding behavior and gut microbiomes of insect herbivores.Here,we use Plutella xylostella caterpillars and show that the larvae prefer leaves of cabbage plants growing in a vermiculite substrate to those from plants growing in conventional soil systems.From a plant metabolomics analysis,we identified 20 plant metabolites that were related to caterpillar feeding performance.In a bioassay,the effects of these plant metabolites on insects'feeding were tested.Nitrate and compounds enriched with leaves of soilless cultivation promoted the feeding of insects,while compounds enriched with leaves of plants growing in natural soil decreased feeding.Several microbial groups(e.g.,Sporolactobacillus,Haliangium)detected inside the plant correlated with caterpillar feeding performance and other microbial groups,such as Ramlibacter and Methylophilus,correlated with the gut microbiome.Our results highlight the role of growth substrates on the food metabolome and microbiome and on the feeding performance and the gut microbiome of plant feeders.It illustrates how belowground factors can influence the aboveground properties of plant-animal systems,which has important implications for plant growth and pest control.

关键词： cultivation pattern gut microbiome herbivory leaf microbiome leaf metabolome

中药联合复位治疗小儿桡骨远端骨折的研究进展

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中国医学创新 2024年第2期21卷 165-170页

作者：骆阳康健蒋亦军温小雨徐建峰邓水晶桂林市妇女儿童医院外三科广西桂林541001 桂林生命与健康职业技术学院康复学院中医教研室广西桂林541000

桡骨远端骨折是儿童最常见的上肢骨折之一。治疗方法大多选用闭合复位后石膏固定,而发生开放性骨折、关节内骨折、不可复位骨折、不稳定骨折及相关神经损伤的手术指征较为明确。因此无论是手术复位还是闭合复位,复位后促进骨折愈合、局... 详细信息

桡骨远端骨折是儿童最常见的上肢骨折之一。治疗方法大多选用闭合复位后石膏固定,而发生开放性骨折、关节内骨折、不可复位骨折、不稳定骨折及相关神经损伤的手术指征较为明确。因此无论是手术复位还是闭合复位,复位后促进骨折愈合、局部血液循环、预防生长障碍及并发症的发生都显得尤为重要。在完成儿童桡骨远端骨折闭合复位后,为确保伤口愈合良好,可以进一步联合适当的中医治疗方法。本文对中药联合复位治疗小儿桡骨远端骨折的研究进展进行综述。

关键词：小儿桡骨远端骨折复位联合治疗

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基于PSO算法的伦潭水库兴利调度

江西水利科技 2024年第3期50卷 194-198页

作者：刘鑫温天福刘章君鄢笑宇徐珺恺胡斌江西省水利科学院江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心江西南昌330029 江西省鄱阳湖水利枢纽建设办公室江西南昌330009

水库调度是在不改变水库工程规模前提下解决防洪减灾与提高水资源高效利用的关键方法。近些年,江西旱灾频发,为协调水库发电效益与基本生产、生活、生态用水需求的矛盾,以江西省伦潭水库为例,以充分发挥水库灌溉、工业、生活、生态、发... 详细信息

水库调度是在不改变水库工程规模前提下解决防洪减灾与提高水资源高效利用的关键方法。近些年,江西旱灾频发,为协调水库发电效益与基本生产、生活、生态用水需求的矛盾,以江西省伦潭水库为例,以充分发挥水库灌溉、工业、生活、生态、发电等兴利调度功能为目标,将农业灌溉用水、居民生活用水、工业生产用水和河道基本生态流量需水转化为刚性约束,采用粒子群智能算法,寻求发电效益最大的水库最优调度方案。

关键词：伦潭水库粒子群算法兴利调度发电效益

Mechanical movement data acquisition method based on the multilayer neural networks and machine vision in a digital twin environment[version 1;peer review:2 approved]

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Digital Twin 2021年第1期1卷 105-121页

作者： Hao Li Gen Liu Haoqi Wang xiaoyu wen Guizhong Xie Guofu Luo Shuai Zhang Miying Yang Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450002China University of Greenwich LondonSE109LSUK School of Management Cranfield UniversityCranfieldMK430ALUK

Background:Digital twin requires virtual reality mapping and optimization iteration between physical devices and virtual models.The mechanical movement data collection of physical equipment is essential for the implementation of accurate virtual and physical synchronization in a digital twin environment.However,the traditional approach relying on PLC(programmable logic control)fails to collect various mechanical motion state data.Additionally,few investigations have used machine visions for the virtual and physical synchronization of equipment.Thus,this paper presents a mechanical movement data acquisition method based on multilayer neural networks and machine vision.Methods:Firstly,various visual marks with different colors and shapes are designed for marking physical devices.Secondly,a recognition method based on the Hough transform and histogram feature is proposed to realize the recognition of shape and color features respectively.Then,the multilayer neural network model is introduced in the visual mark location.The neural network is trained by the dropout algorithm to realize the tracking and location of the visual mark.To test the proposed method,1000 samples were selected.Results:The experiment results shows that when the size of the visual mark is larger than 6mm,the recognition success rate of the recognition algorithm can reach more than 95%.In the actual operation environment with multiple cameras,the identification points can be located more accurately.Moreover,the camera calibration process of binocular and multi-eye vision can be simplified by the multilayer neural networks.Conclusions:This study proposes an effective method in the collection of mechanical motion data of physical equipment in a digital twin environment. Further studies are needed to perceive posture and shape data of physical entities under the multi-camera redundant shooting.

关键词： digital twin mechanical movement data multilayer neural network machine vision data acquisition