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Nutrient enrichment driven by canopy rainfall redistribution:Mechanism,quantification,and pattern

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1529-1544页

作者： Chuan YUAN Xiaoping YUE Yafeng ZHANG Yu ZHANG Yanting HU Qiang TANG li GUO Shuai WANG Xingwu DUAN Wenhua XIANG Xiaohua WEI xiaoyan li College of Forestry and Biotechnology Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Geographical Sciences Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Faculty of life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development Institute of International Rivers and Eco-securityYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British Columbia(Okanagan)KelownaBritish Columbia V1V 1V7Canada

Vegetation canopies intercept and redistribute rainfall into throughfall and stemflow,which transfer substantial amounts of elements into the soil,influencing soil microbial community,plant survival,and plant community *** advancements in ecohydrological research,the implication of nutrient enrichment resulting from this redistribution of rainfall by canopies remains largely *** address this gap,we conducted a systematic review of 1020 papers published between 2000 and 2022,gathering data on nutrient concentration and enrichment for critical ions(including K^(+),Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),NH_(4)^(+),Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-))from the Web of Science and Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure *** aimed to synthesize the mechanisms,quantify the enrichments,and identify global patterns of nutrient enrichment in stemflow and throughfall across climate zones,and vegetation types and *** results of this study indicate that stemflow exhibits,on average,2.1times greater ion concentration(6.13 mg L^(-1))compared to *** particular,among the investigated ions,SO_(4)^(2-)(12.45and 6.32 mg L^(-1))for stemflow and throughfall,respectively,and Cl^(-)(9.21 and 4.81 mg L^(-1))exhibit the highest concentrations in both rainfall redistribution components,while K^(+)(13.7 and 5.8)and Mg^(2+)(5.6 and 2.8)have the highest enrichment *** climate zones,throughfall and stemflow show the lowest ion concentrations but the highest enrichment factors in extremely humid *** the temperature gradient,ion concentrations are the highest in cold climates with no clear patterns observed for enrichment factors with increasing *** addition,shrubs,conifers,mixed forests,and artificial ecosystems demonstrate enrichment factors 1.1 to 3.0 times greater than those of trees,broad-leaved plants,pure forests,and natural *** findings emphasize the need for increased attentions to artificial ecosystems,such as urban

关键词： Ecohydrology Rainfall redistribution Nutrients transport Enrichment characteristics Climate zones

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Seasonal compensation implied no weakening of the land carbon sink in the Northern Hemisphere under the 2015/2016 El Niño

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 281-294页

作者： Fangzhong SHI Xiuchen WU xiaoyan li Philippe CIAIS Hongyan liU Chao YUE Yuting YANG Shulei ZHANG Shushi PENG Yi YIN Benjamin POULTER Deliang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation Qinghai Normal UniversityXining 810016China Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering Beijing Normal University(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519085China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement(LSCE) CEA-CNRS-UVSQUMR821291191Gif-sur-YvetteFrance College of Urban and Environmental Science MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA 91125USA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg SE-40530Sweden

The recurrent extreme El Niño events are commonly linked to reduced vegetation growth and the land carbon sink over many but discrete regions of the Northern Hemisphere(NH).However,we reported here a pervasive and continuous vegetation greening and no weakened land carbon sink in the maturation phase of the 2015/2016 El Niño event over the NH(mainly in the extra-tropics),based on multiple evidences from remote sensing observations,global ecosystem model simulations and atmospheric CO_(2)*** discovered a significant compensation effect of the enhanced vegetation growth in spring on subsequent summer/autumn vegetation growth that sustained vegetation greening and led to a slight increase in the land carbon sink over the spring and summer of 2015(average increases of 23.34%and 0.63%in net ecosystem exchange from two independent datasets relative to a 5-years average before the El Niño event,respectively)and spring of 2016(6.82%),especially in the extra-tropics of the NH,where the water supply during the pre-growing-season(November of the previous year to March of the current year)had a positive *** seasonal compensation effect was much stronger than that in 1997 and 1998 and significantly alleviated the adverse impacts of the 2015/2016 El Niño event on vegetation growth during its maturation *** legacy effect of water supply during the pre-growing-season on subsequent vegetation growth lasted up to approximately six *** findings highlight the role of seasonal compensation effects on mediating the land carbon sink in response to episodic extreme El Niño events.

关键词： El Niño Seasonal compensation effect Vegetation greening Land carbon sink Net ecosystem exchange Legacy effect

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MMP-9 deficiency accelerates the progress of periodontitis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 117-121页

作者： Chun-Yan Wan Yixin Yin xiaoyan li Meng Meng liu Graham Goldman li-An Wu Feng Wang Dao-Shu Luo Zhuo Chen Wen-An Xu Stephen Chen Mary MacDougall Merry L.lindsey Zhi Chen Shuo Chen Department of Endodontics The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversitySchool of StomatologyQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266003China Department of Developmental Dentistry School of DentistryThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229USA Oral Implantology Center Jinan Stomatological HospitalJinanShandong 250001China Department of Endodontics School and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue RegenerationShandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue RegenerationShandong UniversityJinanShandong 250012China Department of Pediatric Dentistry School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710032China Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350108China Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province Affiliated Hospital of StomatologyMedical CollegeZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027China Department of Stomatology Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China UBC Faculty of Dentistry University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z3Canada School of Graduate Studies and Research Meharry Medical College and Research BiologistResearch Service Nashville VA Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37208USA State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology(Hubei-MOST) Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education(KLOBM)School and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430079China

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by periodontopathic bacteria that affects periodontal support tissues.1 If left untreated,it results in loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone *** one-half of adults in the United States older than 30 years have periodontal disease.2 Though the disease is initiated by bacterial infection,it activates host defense systems that eventually lead to the degradation of the *** periodontitis,the disease progress involves further production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines,proteolytic enzymes like matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),and their inhibitors.

关键词： period eventually untreated

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Establishment of a humanized ST6GAL1 mouse model for influenza research

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 337-346页

作者： Lyu Chao Han Feng Gao Qian Lv limin Lu Ziwei Lu Shuangshuang li xiaoyan Hu Yuechao Yang Mengjie Zhao Yingze liu Jun Lu Xuancheng Duo Shuguang National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious DiseasesNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics Key Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineMinistry of EducationSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Life SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina

Background:This study aimed to construct and characterize a humanized influenza mouse model expressing ***:Humanized fragments,consisting of the endothelial cell-specific K18 promoter,human ST6GAL1-encoding gene,and luciferase gene,were microinjected into the fertilized eggs of *** manipulated embryos were transferred into the oviducts of pseudopregnant female *** offspring were identified using *** exhibiting elevated expression of the hST6GAL1 gene were selectively bred for propagation,and in vivo analysis was performed for *** of the humanized gene was tested by performing immunohistochemical(IHC)*** and biochemical analyses using the whole blood and serum of humanized hST6GAL1 mice were ***:Successful integration of the human ST6GAL1 gene into the mouse genome led to the overexpression of human SiaT *** mice were identified as carrying copies of the humanized gene,and the in vivo analysis indicated that hST6GAL1gene expression in positive mice mirrored influenza virus infection *** IHC results revealed that hST6GAL1 was expressed in the lungs of humanized ***,the hematologic and biochemical parameters of the positive mice were within the normal ***:A humanized influenza mouse model expressing the hST6GAL1 gene was successfully established and characterized.

关键词： hST6GAL1 humanized mice influenza animal model

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脑脊液循环肿瘤DNA在非小细胞肺癌柔脑膜转移中的临床应用进展

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中国肺癌杂志 2024年第5期27卷 376-382页

作者：李羽斌李晓燕首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院肿瘤内科北京100070

柔脑膜转移(leptomeningeal metastasis,LM)是恶性肿瘤的一种致死性并发症,其在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者中的发生率为3%-5%。LM诊断难、预后差、治疗手段有限且无统一的疗效评价标准,是NSCLC诊疗的难点。循... 详细信息

柔脑膜转移(leptomeningeal metastasis,LM)是恶性肿瘤的一种致死性并发症,其在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者中的发生率为3%-5%。LM诊断难、预后差、治疗手段有限且无统一的疗效评价标准,是NSCLC诊疗的难点。循环肿瘤DNA(circulating tumor DNA,ctDNA)由肿瘤细胞脱落,携带与癌症相关的信息,在肿瘤精准治疗中有重要应用价值。脑脊液(cerebrospinal fluid,CSF)存在于大脑蛛网膜下腔、脊髓和中央管,与脑膜组织直接接触,是最能反映LM遗传特征的液体介质。近年来,解析CSF ctDNA多组学特征对深入探索中枢神经系统(central nervous system,CNS)转移瘤的辅助诊断、疗效判断、预后预测及耐药机制分析等具有重大意义。本文将对CSF ctDNA检测技术及其在NSCLC-LM患者中的临床应用进行简要综述。

关键词：肺肿瘤柔脑膜转移脑脊液循环肿瘤DNA

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Genomic surveillance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variations in Tianjin Municipality, China 2022

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 61-69页

作者： Xin Gao Ming Zou Yue Lei Zhaolin Tan Zhichao Zhuang Baolu Zheng Aiping Yu Yanzhen Han Xiaohui Lu Xiaochang liu Ying Wang Yuan Wang liru Guo Guangwen liu Wen li Yang liu likun Lv Peiyong Ning xiaoyan li Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Tianjin 300011China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiologyof Infectious Disease Tianjin Centers for Disease Controland PreventionTianjin 300011China

The coronavirus disease 2019(COvID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has severely impacted public *** 2022,the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 rapidly became the dominant circulating variant in the local COVID-19 outbreaks in Tianjin Municipality,*** gain a deeper understanding of the genetic variations of the Omicron variant in Tianjin,specimens from indi-viduals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between December 2021 and November 2022 were used for virus whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.A total of 1,674 high-quality Omicron sequences were obtained,consisting of 1,339 sequences from local cases belonging to 20 Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak(PANGO)lineages and 335 sequences from imported cases belonging to 70 *** experienced five waves of local outbreaks,accompanied by multiple substitutions among subvariants,ranging from the initial BA.1.1 lineage to the subsequent BA.2,BF.7,and BA.5.2 *** evolutionary rate of local strains,estimated to be 28.999 substitutions per year,and the evolutionary rate of imported strains,estimated to be 24.946 substitutions per year,were lower than that of the strains circulating *** addi-tional substitutions and deletions of local strains have been used to identify and disrupt the virus transmission *** subvariants such as BA.5.2.48,BA.5.2.49,BF.7.14,and XBB.1 circulating in the fifth epidemic wave presented criterial immune escape mutations including S:R346T,S:L452R and S:*** is essential to implement genomic surveillance strategies to investigate further the development of genomic mutation char-acteristics in the SARS-CoV-2 *** ongoing monitoring will contribute to a better understanding of the virus's genetic changes and aid in effective control measures.

关键词： Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Omicron variant Whole genome sequencing(WGS)

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流通产业数字化发展水平测度及空间溢出效应研究——以长江经济带11省市为例

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商业经济研究 2024年第3期 180-183页

作者：李晓燕重庆移通学院淬炼商学院重庆401520

本文从流通基础设施数字化、流通渠道数字化、流通产业数字金融化3个维度,选取9项指标构建了流通业数字化发展水平综合评价指数,并对长江经济带11省市开展测度评价,进一步研究流通业数字化转型发展在空间上是否存在溢出效应。研究表明:... 详细信息

本文从流通基础设施数字化、流通渠道数字化、流通产业数字金融化3个维度,选取9项指标构建了流通业数字化发展水平综合评价指数,并对长江经济带11省市开展测度评价,进一步研究流通业数字化转型发展在空间上是否存在溢出效应。研究表明:第一,长江经济带流通业数字化发展水平不断提升,但呈现“东强西弱”的发展格局,随着时间演进,东西部地区之间的差异在逐渐缩小;第二,由空间效应分析可知,长江经济带地区流通业数字化转型具有显著的空间自相关性,但这种空间溢出效应是单向的,即长三角城市群向中西部地区单向溢出。最后从加强流通数字基础设施建设、加强东西部流通互建机制等方面给出政策建议。

关键词：流通业数字化发展空间溢出效应长江经济带

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阿根廷滑柔鱼肌肉组织的能量密度及能量积累

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上海海洋大学学报 2024年第2期33卷 452-463页

作者：李晓燕林东明上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院上海201306 大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室上海201306 国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心上海201306 农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室上海201306

为了探究阿根廷滑柔鱼肌肉组织能量积累特性及对生殖能量投入的影响,利用组织能量密度测定技术测定胴体、头腕和肉鳍等肌肉组织能量密度,分析雌雄性个体肌肉组织相对能量积累及与性腺指数关系,用于验证肌肉组织能量积累变化及其在生殖... 详细信息

为了探究阿根廷滑柔鱼肌肉组织能量积累特性及对生殖能量投入的影响,利用组织能量密度测定技术测定胴体、头腕和肉鳍等肌肉组织能量密度,分析雌雄性个体肌肉组织相对能量积累及与性腺指数关系,用于验证肌肉组织能量积累变化及其在生殖投入上的雌雄差异。结果显示,雌雄个体肌肉组织能量密度平均值均以肉鳍组织最高,分别为(21.32±1.13)和(21.56±0.97)kJ/g;胴体次之,分别为(21.15±0.69)和(21.13±0.79)kJ/g;头腕最低,分别为(20.64±0.73)和(20.66±0.70)kJ/g;雌性个体的胴体、头腕和肉鳍平均能量积累占比分别为51.37%±4.77%、37.42%±4.44%和11.21%±1.62%;雄性个体的分别为46.80%±5.42%、42.67%±6.05%和10.53%±2.03%。仅雌性个体胴体和头腕的相对能量积累在不同性腺成熟度之间存在显著差异。线性混合模型结果显示,雌性个体胴体和头腕的相对能量积累分别与性腺指数呈显著的负相关和正相关关系,而雄性个体各肌肉组织的相对组织能量与性腺指数没有显著函数关系。结果表明,阿根廷滑柔鱼雌雄性个体的肌肉组织能量密度均以肉鳍的最高,胴体是最大的能量积累单元;雌性个体肌肉组织能量可能参与性腺组织的生长发育,雄性个体则保持稳定的肌肉组织能量。

关键词：阿根廷滑柔鱼肌肉组织能量密度能量积累性腺指数

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氯化胆碱/乳酸/愈创木酚三元共熔溶剂提取灵芝多糖的工艺及其抗氧化活性研究

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食品工业科技 2024年第14期45卷 34-41页

作者：何仙玉李镕基李小艳刘贵江永州师范高等专科学校湖南永州425100 北京化工大学生命科学与技术学院北京100029

本研究采用氯化胆碱/乳酸/愈创木酚三元共熔溶剂(DES)来提取灵芝多糖(GLPs),优化DES溶剂提取灵芝多糖的工艺参数,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy,FT-IR)和凝胶渗透色谱(Gel Permeation Chromatography,GPC)对GLPs结构进行了表征,并研究其体外抗氧化活性,最后,采用密度泛函理论初步研究了DES提取GLPs的分子机制。结果表明,在含水量为50%、提取温度为80℃、提取时间为1 h、料液质量体积比为1:30 g/mL的条件下,GLPs得率达9.20%±0.27%。FT-IR和GPC分析表明,4000~500 cm-1区域GLPs具有典型的多糖结构,GLPs的数均分子量为8057 Da,多分散系数为1.6。体外抗氧化活性测试显示,当GLPs质量浓度为5 mg/mL时,其总还原力为0.67±0.04。此外,GLPs对DPPH、OH和ABTS+自由基的清除能力的IC50值分别为2.366、6.179和2.440 mg/mL。密度泛函理论模拟分析表明,DES与葡萄糖之间的结合能为65.29 kcal/mol,远高于水与葡萄糖之间的结合能(20.38 kcal/mol),DES提取多糖是通过三重氢键相互作用来实现的。研究成果从分子水平上阐明了DES提取GLPs效果优于传统热水提取方法的内在机制。

关键词：深共熔溶剂氯化胆碱/乳酸/愈创木酚灵芝多糖抗氧化活性密度泛函理论

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“Wisdom”学位论文写作教学模式建构:构成要素、理论基础与实践策略

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学位与研究生教育 2024年第7期 1-8页

作者：朱旭东李肖艳北京师范大学教育学部教育部普通高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地北京师范大学教师教育研究中心北京100875

建构了“Wisdom”学位论文写作教学模式。该模式以生成学位论文写作智慧为目标;以架构认知框架为核心设计拎框架、磨逻辑、研差异三个主要教学活动;以实现集体性个人学习为关键采用支架式合作研讨、对话式自主生成两种教学方法;通过学... 详细信息

建构了“Wisdom”学位论文写作教学模式。该模式以生成学位论文写作智慧为目标;以架构认知框架为核心设计拎框架、磨逻辑、研差异三个主要教学活动;以实现集体性个人学习为关键采用支架式合作研讨、对话式自主生成两种教学方法;通过学教式动态评估开展教学评价。“Wisdom”学位论文写作教学模式围绕写作智慧、认知框架、集体性个人学习和学教式动态评估等核心概念整合了哲学相关理论、图式理论、发现学习理论、支架理论、成人学习理论、动态评估理论和知识转化理论的基本主张。在实施“Wisdom”学位论文写作教学模式时,教学目标要兼顾长期目标和短期目标;教学活动要关注解决学生认知偏差;教学方法要凸显教师主导、学生主体的双主模式,在集体学习中强化学生的主体学习体验;教学评价要突出交互和过程性介入,关照、支持学生长期性的学位论文写作智慧生成,彰显以教促学。

关键词：研究生教育学位论文写作学术写作教学模式

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