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Carbon uptake by cement in China:Estimation and contribution to carbon neutrality goals

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 2056-2067页

作者： Mingjing MA Zi HUANG Jiaoyue WANG Le NIU Wenfeng ZHANG xiaowei xu Fengming XI Zhu LIU Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxfordOX13UK

Cement is a widely used construction material globally.Its manufacturing contributes to anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions significantly.However,its alkaline compounds can absorb CO_(2)from the surrounding environment and engage in a carbonation reaction,thereby functioning as a carbon sink.As a major cement producer and consumer,China has an important responsibility to rigorously investigate and accurately account for cement carbon uptake.This study presents a comprehensive analytical model of cement carbon uptake from China,revealing a substantial increase in carbon uptake from 1930 to 2021,peaking at 426.77 Mt CO_(2)(95% Confidence Interval:317.67-874.33 Mt CO_(2))in 2021.The uptake accounts for 8.10% to 45.40% of China’s annual land sink and 2.51% to 4.54% of the global land sink.The cumulative carbon uptake by cement is approximately 7.06 Gt CO_(2)(95%CI:5.22–9.44 Gt CO_(2))during this period,offsetting 50.7% of the total emissions(13.91 Gt CO_(2),95%CI:12.44–17.00 Gt CO_(2))from the cement industry.Notably,cement mortar contributed to most absorption(65.64%).From a life cycle perspective,the service stage of cement materials is the period where the largest CO_(2)sink is formed,accounting for 90.03% of the total.Therefore,the potential for carbon sequestration in cement materials and their waste is enormous.Additionally,the model improves the accuracy of cement carbon accounting,supporting both China and global carbon neutrality assessments.Thus,it is crucial for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goals sooner by prioritizing the environmental benefits of cement materials and wastes,and accelerating the development and commercialization of CO_(2)sequestration technologies for cement and its by-products.

关键词： Cement Carbon uptake Life cycle assessment Carbon emission reduction Carbon neutrality

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Treatment strategy for erythropoietic protoporphyria accompanied by severe abdominal pain and liver injury

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Portal Hypertension & Cirrhosis 2024年第1期3卷 36-38页

作者： Xiaoxin Wu Xiumei Zhou Shuai Zhao Keting He Wenxin Zhoudi Shangci Chen xiaowei xu State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina Department of Infectious Diseases People's Hospital of Pujiang CountyJinhuaZhejiangChina

To the Editor,Erythropoietic protoporphyria(EPP)is a genetic disease caused by a lack of the enzyme ferrochelatase(FECH)in the heme biosynthesis pathway due to genetic defects.FECH deficiency is caused by a deleterious FECH variant in transposition to the frequently occurring hypomorphic allele or by the presence of biallelic pathogenic variants.1 EPP could lead to abnormal production and excretion of protoporphyrin IX,2 causing clinical manifestations such as skin damage and liver injury.3–5.

关键词： liver damage clinical

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Discovery of proqodine A derivatives with antitumor activity targeting NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第1期22卷 75-88页

作者： SONG Jiangzhou ZOU Guiqing ZHAO Zhou ZHU Ya xuE Jiayu AO Lanjia SUN Huiyong HAO Haiping ZHANG Bo xu xiaowei State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and PharmacokineticsChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China

NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1)is a flavin protease highly expressed in various cancer cells.NQO1 catalyzes a futile redox cycle in substrates,leading to substantial reactive oxygen species(ROS)production.This ROS generation results in extensive DNA damage and elevated poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1(PARP1)-mediated consumption of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD^(+)),ultimately causing cell death.Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase(NAMPT),the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD^(+)salvage synthesis pathway,emerges as a critical target in cancer therapy.The concurrent inhibition of NQO1 and NAMPT triggers hyperactivation of PARP1 and intensive NAD+depletion.In this study,we designed,synthesized,and assessed a novel series of proqodine A derivatives targeting both NQO1 and NAMPT.Among these,compound T8 demonstrated potent antitumor properties.Specifically,T8 selectively inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and induced apoptosis through mechanisms dependent on both NQO1 and NAMPT.This discovery offers a promising new molecular entity for advancing anticancer research.

关键词： NQO1 ROS NAMPT NAD^(+) T8

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A Prediction Method of Fracture Toughness of Nickel-Based Superalloys

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第7期42卷 121-132页

作者： Yabin xu Lulu Cui xiaowei xu School of Computer Beijing Information Science and Technology UniversityBeijing100101China Department of Information Science University of Arkansas at Little RockArkansas72204USA

Fracture toughness plays a vital role in damage tolerance design of materials and assessment of structural integrity.To solve these problems of com-plexity,time-consuming,and low accuracy in obtaining the fracture toughness value of nickel-based superalloys through experiments.A combination prediction model is proposed based on the principle of materials genome engineering,the fracture toughness values of nickel-based superalloys at different temperatures,and different compositions can be predicted based on the existing experimental data.First,to solve the problem of insufﬁcient feature extraction based on manual experience,the Deep Belief Network(DBN)is used to extract features,and an attention mechanism module is introduced.To achieve the purpose of strengthen-ing the important features,an attention weight is assigned to each feature accord-ing to the importance of the feature.Then,the feature vectors obtained by the DBN module based on the Attention mechanism(A-DBN)are spliced with the original features.Thus,the prediction accuracy of the model is improved by extracting high-order combined features and low-order linear features between input and output data.Finally,the spliced feature vectors are put into the Support Vector Regression(SVR)model to further improve the regression prediction abil-ity of the model.The results of the contrast experiment show that the model can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of the fracture toughness value of nickel-based superalloys.

关键词： Nickel-based superalloys fracture toughness materials genome engineering deep belief network attention mechanism support vector regression

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Multiplicative Derivations on Rank-s Matrices for Relatively Small s

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代数集刊:英文版 2023年第2期30卷 281-292页

作者： xiaowei xu Baochuan Xie Yanhua Wang Zhibing Zhao College of Mathematics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China School of Mathematics Shanghai Key Laboratory of Financial Information Technology Shanghai University of Finance and EconomicsShanghai 200433China School of Mathematical Sciences Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

In this paper,we describe multiplicative derivations on the set of all rank-s matrices of Mn(K)over a field K with a relatively small integer s.Concretely,for fixed integers n,s satisfying 1≤s≤n/2 and n≥2,we prove that if a map d:Mn(K)→Mn(K)satisfiesδ(xy)=δ(x)y+xδ(y)for any two rank-s matrices,y∈Mn(K),then there exists a derivation D of Mn(K)such thatδ(x)=D(x)for each rank-k matrix a E Mn(K)with 0≤k≤s.As an application,we prove that a multiplicative derivation on a special subset of Mn(K)must be a derivation.

关键词： multiplicative derivations rank-s matrices singular matrices

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Evaluation and Analysis of the Effect of Lignin Amelioration on Loess Collapsibility

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第12期10卷 3405-3424页

作者： Xiumei Zhong Yuxin Liang Qian Wang Jinlian Ma Shouyun Liang Yan Wang xiaowei xu Key Laboratory of Loess Earthquake Engineering China Earthquake Administration&Gansu Provincelanzhou730000China Department of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

The road subgrade and road surface in collapsible loess area are prone to many engineering diseases such as uneven subgrade settlement,insufficient bearing capacity of soaked foundation,collapse and instability of sub-grade side slope due to the special properties of loess.As an environment-friendly,low-cost soil modifier with good adhesion and chelation properties,lignin has been considered to be used in highway subgrade construction.In order to explore the effect of lignin on loess,the compressive and collapsible properties of modified loess with different lignin contents were analyzed based on consolidation compression test.The improvement mechanism of lignin on loess collapsibility was studied by means of infiltration test and SEM test.The results show that lignin fibers can promote the agglomeration of loose particles and form a network structure in the soil particle pores,enhance the cementation strength between particles and soil skeleton,and reduce the permeability of loess.With the increase of lignin fiber content,the improvement degree of loess collaps ility shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.When the lignin fiber content is 2%,the effect is the best,and the improved loess ollapsi-bility is eliminated.

关键词： Collapsible loess lignin distribution characteristics of pore particles SEM permeability characteristics

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Robust Alcohol Soluble Polyurethane/Chitosan/Silk Sericin(APU/CS/SS)Nanofiber Scaffolds Toward Artificial Skin Extracellular Matrices via Microfluidic Blow‑Spinning

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第1期5卷 349-361页

作者： Jingwen Liu Tingting Cui xiaowei xu Yu Du Lin Wang Su Chen Jie Pang College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Materials‑Oriented Chemical Engineering&College of Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer MaterialsNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009People’s Republic of China Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua UniversityHaidian DistrictBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Skin regeneration is a matter of high concern since many individuals suffer from skin damage.To date,the concept of protein-based artificial skin scaffolds have been successfully applied and proven in skin regeneration.However,realizing a skin tissue scaffold with a skin-like extracellular matrix(ECM)that combines low price,good biocompatibility,excellent antibacterial properties,good cell adhesion,and strong mechanical properties is still a major challenge.In this study,inexpensive silk sericin(SS)protein-based artificial skin nanofiber scaffolds(NFSs)with excellent biological activity,no immune rejection,and high mechanical strength were fabricated via microfluidic blow-spinning(MBS).In particular,the as-prepared NFS was transformed from a random coil structure to aβ-sheet structure by using the MBS in high-speed shear chips to improve its stability and mechanical strength.Additionally,through in vitro and in vivo studies,it was shown that SS protein-based artificial skin NFSs possessed excellent antibacterial effects and degradability properties,as well as accelerated tissue granu-lation growth,effectively promoting full skin wound healing and skin regeneration for medical problems worldwide.Thus,this skin ECM-inspired NFS offers new perspectives for accelerating wound healing and tissue regeneration and provides potential applications for clinical medicine.

关键词： Nanofiber scaffolds Protein structural transformation Mechanical stabilities Antibacterial Microfluidic blow-spinning Skin regeneration

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Armendariz Property of k[x,y]Modulo Monomial Ideals

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Communications in Mathematical Research 2022年第3期38卷 421-429页

作者： Ying Guo Xiankun Du xiaowei xu Department of Mathematics Jilin UniversityChangchunP.R.China.

In this paper,we give equivalent conditions for the factor rings of the polynomial ring k[x,y]modulo monomial ideals to be Armendariz rings,where k is a field.For an ideal I with 2 or 3 monomial generators,or n homogeneous monomial generators,such that k[x,y]/I is an Armendariz ring,we characterize the minimal generator set G(I)of I.

关键词： Armendariz ring polynomial ring monomial ideal

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Construction of Lagrangian Submanifolds in Complex Hyperquadric

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2020年第3期41卷 465-478页

作者： Chiakuei PENG xiaowei xu School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Corresponding author.School of Mathematical Sciences and Wu Wen-Tsun Key Laboratory of Mathematics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

In this paper, the authors present a method to construct the minimal and H-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in complex hyperquadric Q_n from submanifolds with special properties in odd-dimensional spheres. The authors ... 详细信息

关键词： Lagrangian submanifold Minimal H-minimal

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Research on Detection Method of Interest Flooding Attack on Content Centric Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第8期64卷 1075-1089页

作者： Yabin xu Ting xu xiaowei xu Beijing Key Laboratory of Internet Culture and Digital Dissemination Research Beijing100101China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Information Science and Technology UniversityBeijing100101China School of Computer Beijing Information Science&Technology UniversityBeijing100101China Department of Information Science University of Arkansas at Little RockLittle Rock72204USA

To improve the attack detection capability of content centric network(CCN),we propose a detection method of interest flooding attack(IFA)making use of the feature of self-similarity of traffic and the information entropy of content name of interest packet.On the one hand,taking advantage of the characteristics of self-similarity is very sensitive to traffic changes,calculating the Hurst index of the traffic,to identify initial IFA attacks.On the other hand,according to the randomness of user requests,calculating the information entropy of content name of the interest packets,to detect the severity of the IFA attack,is.Finally,based on the above two aspects,we use the bilateral detection method based on non-parametric CUSUM algorithm to judge the possible attack behavior in CCN.The experimental results show that flooding attack detection method proposed for CCN can not only detect the attack behavior at the early stage of attack in CCN,but also is more accurate and effective than other methods.

关键词： CCN interest flooding attack self-similar feature information entropy bilateral detection method

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