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Optimizing urban block morphologies for net-zero energy cities:Exploring photovoltaic potential and urban design prototype

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Building Simulation 2024年第4期17卷 607-624页

作者： xiaotian Geng Dong Xie Zhonghua Gou School of Urban Design Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina

The morphology of urban areas plays a crucial role in determining solar potential,which directly affects photovoltaic capacity and the achievement of net-zero *** study focuses on the City of Melbourne to investigate the utilization of solar energy across different urban densities and proposes optimized *** analysis encompasses blocks with diverse population densities,examining medium and high-density *** utilizing a multi-objective genetic optimization approach,the urban morphology of these blocks is *** findings indicate that low-density blocks exhibit photovoltaic potential ranging from 1 to 6.6 times their total energy *** and high-density blocks achieve photovoltaic potential levels approximately equivalent to 40%-85%of their overall energy ***,significant variations in photovoltaic potential are observed among different urban forms within medium and high-density ***“elevated corners with central valley”prototype is proposed as an effective approach,enhancing the overall photovoltaic potential by approximately 14%.This study introduces novel analytical concepts,shedding light on the intricate relationship between urban morphologies and photovoltaic potential.

关键词： net-zero energy solar energy urban density urban morphology multi-objective optimization photovoltaic potential

Laminar Flame Instability of n-Hexane,n-Octane,and n-Decane in Spherical Expanding Flames

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1189-1199页

作者： YIN Geyuan HU Erjiang LI xiaotian LV Xin HUANG Zuohua State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China United Automotive Electronic Systems Co. LtdShanghai201206China Chongqing Changan Automobile Co. Ltd.Chongqing401120China

This paper focuses on the laminar flame instability of three high molecular weight n-alkanes,namely n-hexane,n-octane,and *** experiment was carried out in a constant volume combustion bomb to get the flame *** critical radius under different conditions was extracted using the image processing *** with the existing critical Peclet number theory,the dominant factors of flame instability under current conditions for three n-alkanes can be figured ***,the average cell size(equivalent cell radius,R_(cell))was extracted to provide quantitative analysis of the flame cellular structure,based on the method developed in this *** theoretical R_(cell)were also calculated and compared with the experimental results to validate the proposed method.

关键词： cellular instability equivalent cell radius critical Peclet number spherical flame

Facet-dependent activation of oxalic acid over hematite nanocrystals under the irradiation of visible light for efficient degradation of pollutants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 204-214页

作者： Zhixiong Yang Yuan Li xiaotian Wang Jiaming Li Jiquan Wang Gaoke Zhang Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for ArchitecturesWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430071China

Naturally occurring hematite has been widely studied in the Fenton-like system for water pollutant remediation due to its abundance and ***,its inadequate catalytic activity results in difficulty in effectively degrading pollutants in the catalytic degradation system that it ***,we constructed a photochemical system composed of hematite with{001}facet of high activity facet and low-cost and non-toxic oxalic acid(OA)for the removal of various types of *** removal rate for the degradation of metronidazole,tetracycline hydrochloride,Rhodamine B,and hexavalent chromium by hematite nanoplate with the exposed{001}facet activating OA under visible light irradiation was 4.75,2.2.,2.33,and 2.74 times than that by the exposed{110}facet,*** functional theory(DFT)calculation proved that the OA molecule was more easily adsorbed on the{001}facet of hematite than that on the{110}facet,which would favor the formation of the more Fe(Ⅲ)-OA complex and reactive *** addition,the reactive site of metronidazole for the attraction of radicals was identified on the basis of the DFT calculation on the molecular occupied orbitals,and the possible degradation pathway for metronidazole included carbon chain fracture,hydroxyethyl-cleavage,denitrogenation,and ***,this finding may offer a valuable direction in designing an efficient iron-based catalyst based on facet engineering for the improved activity of Fenton-like systems such as OA activation.

关键词： Hematite Facet exposure Oxalic acid activation Fenton-like system Pollutant removal

Fabrication of pollution-free coal gangue-based catalytic material utilizing ferrous chloride as activator for efficient peroxymonosulfate activation

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第1期11卷 103-118页

作者： Zhiming Sun Xinlin Wang Shaoran Jia Jialin Liang xiaotian Ning Chunquan Li School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing100083China Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization (China University of Mining and Technology)Ministry of EducationXuzhou221116China

Novel coal gangue-based persulfate catalyst(CG-FeCl_(2.)was successfully synthesized by the means of calcinating under nitrogen atmosphere with the addition of ferrous chloride tetrahydrate(FeCl_(2.·_(4)H_(2.O).The phase transformation of the prepared materials and gas products during the heating process are thoroughly *** is suggested that ferrous chloride participated in the phase transformation and formed Si-O-Fe *** the main gaseous products are H_(2.O,H_(2.,and HCl during the heating ***,the ability of CG-FeCl_(2. to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)for catalytic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and phenol was deeply *** than 95%of naphthyl,phenanthrene and phenol were removed under optimizied *** addition,1O_(2.,·OH,and SO_(4)·−were involved in the CG-FeCl_(2./PMS system from the free radical scavenging experiment,where 1O_(2. played a major role during the oxidation ***,CG-FeCl_(2./PMS system exhibited superior stability in a relatively wide pH range and the presence of common anion from related degradation ***,the novel CG-FeCl_(2. is an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst,displaying potential application prospect in the field of PAHs and phenol-contaminated wastewater treatment.

关键词： Coal gangue Persulfate activation Advanced oxidation processes Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Phenol Ferrous chloride

Machine learning for membrane design and discovery

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第1期9卷 54-70页

作者： Haoyu Yin Muzi Xu Zhiyao Luo xiaotian Bi Jiali Li Sui Zhang Xiaonan Wang Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University100084BeijingChina School of Materials Science&Engineering Tsinghua University100084BeijingChina Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore117576Singapore

Membrane technologies are becoming increasingly versatile and helpful today for sustainable *** Learning(ML),an essential branch of artiﬁcial intelligence(AI),has substantially impacted the research and development norm of new materials for energy and *** review provides an overview and perspectives on ML methodologies and their applications in membrane design and dis-covery.A brief overview of membrane technologies isﬁrst provided with the current bottlenecks and potential *** an appli-cations-based perspective of AI-aided membrane design and discovery,we further show how ML strategies are applied to the membrane discovery cycle(including membrane material design,membrane application,membrane process design,and knowledge extraction),in various membrane systems,ranging from gas,liquid,and fuel cell separation ***,the best practices of integrating ML methods and speciﬁc application targets in membrane design and discovery are presented with an ideal paradigm *** challenges to be addressed and prospects of AI applications in membrane discovery are also highlighted in the end.

关键词： Machine learning Membranes AI for Membrane Data-driven Design

Removal of pathogenic indicator microorganisms during partial nitrification:the role of free nitrous acid

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 93-102页

作者： Jiaojiao Xu xiaotian Chen Rui Tang Jingwei Feng Shoujun Yuan Wei Wang Zhen-Hu Hu Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Rural Water Environment and Resource School of Civil EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Hefei 168 High School Hefei 230025China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200090China

Digested wastewater contains pathogenic microorganisms and high ammonia concentrations,which can pose a potential risk to public *** removal of pathogens and nitrogen is crucial for the post-treatment of digested *** nitrification-anammox is an energy-saving nitrogen removal *** nitrous acid(FNA),an intermediate product of partial nitrification,has the potential to inactivate ***,the efficiency and mechanisms of FNA-related inactivation in pathogens during partial nitrification remains *** this study,Enterococcus and Escherichia coli(***)were selected to investigate the efficiency and mechanisms of FNA-related inactivation in partial nitrification *** results revealed that 83%±13%and 59%±2.%of *** and Enterococcus were removed,respectively,in partial nitrification process at FNA concentrations of 0.02.−0.02. mg/*** the concentration of FNA increased from 0 to 0.5 mg/L,the inactivation efficiencies of *** and Enterococcus increased from 0 to 99.9%and 89.9%,*** exhibited a higher resistance to FNA attack compared to ***.3D-laser scanning microscopy(3D-LSM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)revealed that FNA exposure caused the surface collapse of *** and Enterococcus,as well as visible pore formation on the surface of *** cells.4',6-Diamidino-2.phenylindole dihydrochloride n-hydrate(DAPI)/propidium iodide(PI)and biomolecule leakage confirmed that inactivation of *** and Enterococcus occurred due to breakdown of cell walls and cell *** findings indicate that partial nitrification process can be used for the removal of residual pathogenic microorganisms.

关键词： Partial nitrification Free nitrous acid Pathogenic indicator microorganism Inactivation Cell structure

Iterative Model Predictive Control for Automatic Carrier Landing of Carrier-Based Aircrafts Under Complex Surroundings and Constraints

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2024年第4期29卷 712-724页

作者： ZHANG xiaotian HE Defeng LIAO Fei College of Information Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310023China Aerospace Technology Institute China Aerodynamics Research and Development CenterMianyang621000SichuanChina

This paper considers the automatic carrier landing problem of carrier-based aircrafts subjected to constraints,deck motion,measurement noises,and unknown *** iterative model predictive control(MPC)strategy with constraints is proposed for automatic landing control of the ***,the long short-term memory(LSTM)neural network is used to calculate the adaptive reference trajectories of the *** the Sage-Husa adaptive Kalman filter and the disturbance observer are introduced to design the composite ***,an iterative optimization algorithm is presented to fast solve the receding horizon optimal control problem of MPC based on the Lagrange’s ***,some sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the stability of the landing system in a closed loop with the ***,the simulation results of F/A-18A aircraft show that compared with the conventional MPC,the presented MPC strategy improves the computational efficiency by nearly 56%and satisfies the control performance requirements of carrier landing.

关键词： automatic carrier landing model predictive control(MPC) long short-term memory(LSTM)neural network stability computational efficiency

Switching Frequency Improvement of a High Speed on/off Valve Based on Pre-excitation Control Algorithm

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第4期37卷 94-106页

作者： Qi Zhong xiaotian Li Yongxin Mao Enguang Xu Tiwei Jia Yanbiao Li Huayong Yang College of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of Education and Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China

The high-speed on/off valve(HSV)serves as the fundamental component responsible for generating discrete fluids within digital hydraulic *** the switching frequency of the HSV increases,the properties of the generated discrete fluid approach those of continuous ***,a higher frequency response characteristic of HSV is the key to ensure the control accuracy of digital hydraulic ***,the current research mainly focuses on its dynamic performance,but neglect its *** paper presents a theoretical analysis demonstrating that the FRC of the HSV can be enhanced by minimizing its switching *** maximum switching frequency(MSF)is mainly determined by opening dynamic performance when HSV operates with low switching duty ratio(SDR),whereas the closing dynamic performance limits the MSF when HSV operates with high *** upon these findings,the pre-excitation control algorithm(PECA)is proposed to reduce the switching time of the HSV,and consequently enhance its *** results demonstrate that PECA shortens the opening delay time of HSV by 1.12.ms,the closing delay time by 2.54 ms,and the closing moving time by 0.47 ms in comparison to the existing advanced control *** a result,a larger MSF of 417 Hz and a wider controllable SDR range from 2.%to 70%were achieved at a switching frequency of 2.0 ***,the proposed PFCA in this paper has been verified as an effective and promising approach for enhancing the control performance of digital hydraulic systems.

关键词： High speed on/off valve Switching frequency Pre-excitation Dynamic performance Switching duty ratio

A Fault Diagnosis Method for Power Systems Based on Temporal Tissue-like P Systems

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第2期9卷 101-114页

作者： Kequan Zhou Tao Wang xiaotian Chen Quanlin Leng Panzhihua University PanzhihuaChina School of Electrical Engineering and Electronic Information Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039China Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery Ministry of EducationXihua UniversityChengdu 610039China Sichuan University of Science&Engineering YibinChina Xihua University ChengduChina

To quickly and accurately identify faulty components based on the alarm information is critical for the fault diagnosis of power *** address this chal-lenge,this paper proposes a novel fault diagnosis method based on temporal tissue-like P system(TTPS).In the proposed method,suspected faulty components are iden-tiﬁedﬁrst via a network topology analysis *** TTPS-based fault diagnosis model is then built for each suspected faulty component to perform fault reasoning,so as to accurately detect the faulty *** take full advantage of the action signals and temporal information of protection devices,TTPS and its forward temporal reasoning algorithm are *** can synchro-nously model the action and temporal logics of protection devices in an intuitive and graphical way,while the rea-soning algorithm can process the fault alarm information in *** demonstrate the effectiveness and superi-ority of the proposed method,simulations are carried out on the IEEE 14-bus and 118-bus systems,while the results are compared to other two widely adopted *** Terms—Alarm signal,fault diagnosis,membrane computing,power system,tissue-like P system.

关键词： Alarm signal fault diagnosis membrane computing power system tissue-like P system