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微波辅助合成促进铬酸铋晶体的光生电荷分离

物理化学学报 2024年第1期40卷 28-29页

作者：张珹博陶晓萍蒋文超郭俊雪张鹏飞李灿李仁贵中国科学院大连化学物理研究所催化基础国家重点实验室大连洁净能源国家实验室能源材料化学协同创新中心辽宁大连116023 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学技术大学化学与材料科学学院合肥230026

为了将可再生太阳能转化为化学物质,探索具有宽光谱响应的光催化剂用于光催化分解水越来越受到人们的关注。作为铋基层状金属氧化物的一员,铬酸铋(Bi_(2)CrO_(6))的带隙约为1.9 eV,在利用大范围太阳光谱方面具有潜力。然而,Bi_(2)CrO_(6... 详细信息

为了将可再生太阳能转化为化学物质,探索具有宽光谱响应的光催化剂用于光催化分解水越来越受到人们的关注。作为铋基层状金属氧化物的一员,铬酸铋(Bi_(2)CrO_(6))的带隙约为1.9 eV,在利用大范围太阳光谱方面具有潜力。然而,Bi_(2)CrO_(6)较差的电荷分离性能限制了其在光催化中的应用。本文采用微波辅助水热合成方法制备了具有规则形貌的Bi_(2)CrO_(6)晶体,该晶体具有结晶度高、形貌均匀的优点。与传统制备方法相比,微波辐照实现了体系的快速加热,极大地加速了成核和生长的化学反应,从而在几分钟内形成了Bi_(2)CrO_(6)晶体。微波辅助合成的Bi_(2)CrO_(6)晶体在光催化和光电化学测试中表现出更好的光生电荷分离以及水氧化活性。此外实验中观察到光生电子和空穴在Bi_(2)CrO_(6)晶体的不同晶面之间发生空间分离,通过进一步在不同晶面上光沉积选择性负载还原和氧化助催化剂,显著增强了光催化活性。这项工作为制备高效太阳能转换的半导体光催化剂提供了一种可行的解决方案。

关键词：微波合成铬酸铋半导体光催化水氧化

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Genome Engineering in Rice Using Cas9 Variants that Recognize NG PAM Sequences

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Molecular Plant 2019年第7期12卷 1003-1014页

作者： Kai Hua xiaoping tao Peijin Han Rui Wang Jian-Kang Zhu Shanghai Center for Plaint Stress Biology CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China College of Life Sciences Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing relies on sgRNA-target DNA base pairing and a short downstream PAM sequence to recognize target DNA. The strict protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) requirement hinders applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system since it restricts the targetable sites in the genomes. xCas9 and SpCas9-NG are two recently engineered SpCas9 variants that can recognize more relaxed NG PAMs, implying a great potential in addressing the issue of PAM constraint. Here we use stable transgenic lines to evaluate the efficacies of xCas9 and SpCas9-NG in performing gene editing and base editing in rice. We found that xCas9 can efficiently induce mutations at target sites with NG and GAT PAM sequences in rice. However, base editors containing xCas9 failed to edit most of the tested target sites. SpCas9-NG exhibited a robust editing activity at sites with various NG PAMs without showing any preference for the third nucleotide after NG. Moreover, we showed that xCas9 and SpCas9-NG have higher specificity than SpCas9 at the CGG PAM site. We further demonstrated that different forms of cytosine or adenine base editors containing SpCas9-NG worked efficiently in rice with broadened PAM compatibility. Taken together, our work has yielded versatile genome-engineering tools that will significantly expand the target scope in rice and other crops.

关键词： gene knockout base editing xCas9 SpCas9-NG rice

二元应对理论联合赋能理论的护理干预在中青年乳腺癌术后化疗患者及其配偶中的应用

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中华现代护理杂志 2024年第20期30卷 2762-2766页

作者：王丽华徐丹张瑜陶小平台州市第一人民医院护理部台州318020 台州市第一人民医院重症医学科台州318020 台州市第一人民医院普外科台州318020

目的:探讨二元应对理论联合赋能理论的护理干预在中青年乳腺癌术后化疗患者及其配偶中的应用效果。方法:采用便利抽样法,选择2020年10月—2022年10月在台州市第一人民医院接受化疗的中青年乳腺癌术后患者及其配偶86对作为研究对象,随机... 详细信息

目的:探讨二元应对理论联合赋能理论的护理干预在中青年乳腺癌术后化疗患者及其配偶中的应用效果。方法:采用便利抽样法,选择2020年10月—2022年10月在台州市第一人民医院接受化疗的中青年乳腺癌术后患者及其配偶86对作为研究对象,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组43对。对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组实施二元应对理论联合赋能理论的护理干预。采用心理弹性量表(RISC)、乳腺癌患者生命质量测定量表(FACT-B)、中文版癌症患者照料者生活质量调查表(CQOLC-C)评价干预的效果。结果:干预后,观察组乳腺癌患者RISC、FACT-B评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义( P<0.05);干预后,观察组乳腺癌患者配偶RISC、CQOLC-C评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义( P<0.05)。结论:二元应对理论联合赋能理论能够增强中青年乳腺癌术后化疗患者及其配偶的心理弹性水平,改善生活质量。

关键词：乳腺癌二元应对理论赋能理论积极心理干预

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Disruption of MIR396e and MIR396f improves rice yield under nitrogen-deficient conditions

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National Science Review 2020年第1期7卷 102-112页

作者： Jinshan Zhang Zhenyu Zhou Jinjuan Bai xiaoping tao Ling Wang Hui Zhang Jian-Kang Zhu Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Biotechnology Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources College of Life Science Shanghai Normal University Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette

The microRNA miR396 directly represses GROWTH-REGULATING FACTORs(OsGRFs) and has been implicated in regulating rice yield and in nitrogen assimilation. Overexpressing the miR396 targets OsGRF4 and OsGRF6 improves rice yield via increased grain size and panicle branching, respectively. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to assess the function of miR396 genes in rice. Knockout of MIR396 ef(MIR396e and MIR396f), but not other isoforms, enhanced both grain size and panicle branching, resulting in increased grain yield. Importantly, under nitrogen-deficient conditions, mir396ef mutants showed an even higher relative increase in grain yield as well as elevated above-ground biomass. Furthermore, we identified OsGRF8 as a new target of miR396, in addition to the known targets OsGRF4 and OsGRF6. Disruption of the miR396-targeting site in OsGRF8 was sufficient to both enlarge grain size and elongate panicles. Our results suggest that rice-seed and panicle development are regulated by miR396ef-GRF4/6/8-GIF1/2/3 modules and that mi R396ef are promising targets of genome editing for breeding environmentally friendly rice varieties that require less nitrogen fertilization.

关键词： microRNA miR396 OsGRF4/6/8 OsGIF1/2/3 nitrogen deficiency grain yield

Multiplex Gene Editing in Rice Using the CRISPR-Cpf1 System

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Molecular Plant 2017年第7期10卷 1011-1013页

作者： Mugui Wang Yanfei Mao Yuming Lu xiaoping tao Jian-kang Zhu Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center for Excellence inMolecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201602 China Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Dear Editor, The class 2/type Ⅱ clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat （CRISPR）/Cas9 system has been used successfully for simultaneous modification of multiple loci in plants. Two general strategies have been applied to coexpress multiple single guide RNAs （sgRNAs） to achieve multiplex gene editing in plant cells.

关键词： TARGETED MUTAGENESIS CPF1

Precise A. T to G-C Base Editing in the RiceGenome

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Molecular Plant 2018年第4期11卷 627-630页

作者： Kai Hua xiaoping tao Fengtong Yuan Dong Wang Jian-Kang Zhu Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center of Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West Lafayette iN 47907 USA University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Gene Engineering in Jiangxi Province College of Life Science Nanchang University Jiangxi 330031 China

Dear Editor Precise modification of eukaryotic genomes has been accom- plished mainly through homology-directed repair （HDR） of DNA double-strand breaks （DSBs）（Hess et al., 2017）. However, the inherent low efficiency of homologous recombination and poor availability of exogenous donor DNA as repair templates strongly impede the use of HDR for precise genome editing in many species （Komor et al., 2017a）. To complement the HDR method and circumvent some of its limitations.

关键词： TARGET BASE DNA

Multiplex gene editing in rice with simplified CRISPR-Cpf1 and CRISPR-Cas9 systems

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第8期60卷 626-631页

作者： Mugui Wang Yanfei Mao Yuming Lu Zhidan Wang xiaoping tao Jian-Kang Zhu Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201602 China Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA

The class 2 clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat （CRISPR） systems have been widely used for simultaneous modification of multiple loci in plants. Traditionally, the type II CRISPR-Cas9 or type V CRISPR-Cpfl （also known as Cas12a） system is a two-component transcriptional unit （TCTU） in which the Cas9 or Cpf1 protein is expressed from an RNA polymerase （pol） II promoter, whereas the single guide RNA （sgRNA） is typically expressed from a Pol III promoter, such as U6 or U3 promoter.

关键词： Multiplex gene editing in rice with simplified CRISPR-Cpf1 and CRISPR-Cas9 systems PAM Figure LEA

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Crystal Facet-Dependent Intrinsic Charge Separation on Well-Defined Bi_(4)tao_(8)Cl Nanoplate for Efficient Photocatalytic Water Oxidation

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Energy Material Advances 2022年第1期2022卷 214-222页

作者： Abraham Adenle Ming Shi xiaoping tao Yue Zhao Bin Zeng Na Ta Rengui Li State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The development of photocatalysts with wide spectral absorption and high charge separation efficiency has always been a pursued objective for photocatalytic solar energy ***,we reported a wide-range visible-light-active Bi_(4)tao_(8)Cl(BTOC)single crystal nanoplate with dominating{110}and{001}facets for enhancing the intrinsic charge separation *** selective photodeposition of metals and metal oxides provides evidences of photogenerated electrons and holes spatially separated on{110}and{001}coexposed facets of BTOC,*** intrinsic charge separation efficiency was demonstrated to be closely dependent on the crystal facets,which can be modulated by tuning the coexposed crystal facet *** surface modification of BTOC with suitable dual cocatalyst Ag and RuOx enables remarkable improvement of charge separation efficiency and photocatalytic water oxidation *** by comparison between well-defined BTOC nanoplate and BTOC nanoparticles confirmed the significance of coexposed crystal facets for efficient spatial charge separation and the blocking of reverse reaction from Fe^(2+)to Fe^(3+)ions during water oxidation reaction,indicating that rational modulation of exposed crystal facets is significant for controlling the intrinsic charge separation efficiency on Bi_(4)tao_(8)Cl photocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic water splitting.

关键词： separation plate spatially

地球静止轨道凝视成像系统分时积分稳像技术验证

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光学学报 2014年第13期34卷 143-149页

作者：陶小平中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所吉林长春130033

针对地球静止轨道卫星平台面阵凝视成像系统由于平台振动引起的图像模糊问题，提出了基于分时积分亚像元融合的方法来削弱平台颤振引起的图像模糊，提高景物辨识度；设计并搭建了二维振动平台；利用高速图像采集系统采集不同曝光时间条... 详细信息

针对地球静止轨道卫星平台面阵凝视成像系统由于平台振动引起的图像模糊问题，提出了基于分时积分亚像元融合的方法来削弱平台颤振引起的图像模糊，提高景物辨识度；设计并搭建了二维振动平台；利用高速图像采集系统采集不同曝光时间条件下、不同振幅、不同频率振动的序列图像；使用基于能量区域质心法的相位相关法进行亚像元图像配准，计算每帧图像相对偏移量，与二维振动平台中的光栅尺位移传感器数据进行对比，验证了配准算法精度优于0．1pixel；选择清晰度满足要求的多帧短曝光时间图像进行亚像元融合。与长曝光时间图像对比，融合图像清晰度更高，而信噪比与长曝光图像相当，验证了分时积分亚像元融合法对颤振模糊的抑制作用，具备卫星平台应用的基础。

关键词：成像系统遥感地球静止轨道振动抑制图像配准图像融合