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Nutrient enrichment driven by canopy rainfall redistribution:Mechanism,quantification,and pattern

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1529-1544页

作者： Chuan YUAN Xiaoping YUE Yafeng ZHANG Yu ZHANG Yanting HU Qiang TANG Li GUO Shuai WANG Xingwu DUAN Wenhua XIANG xiaohua wei Xiaoyan LI College of Forestry and Biotechnology Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Geographical Sciences Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Faculty of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development Institute of International Rivers and Eco-securityYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British Columbia(Okanagan)KelownaBritish Columbia V1V 1V7Canada

Vegetation canopies intercept and redistribute rainfall into throughfall and stemflow,which transfer substantial amounts of elements into the soil,influencing soil microbial community,plant survival,and plant community *** advancements in ecohydrological research,the implication of nutrient enrichment resulting from this redistribution of rainfall by canopies remains largely *** address this gap,we conducted a systematic review of 1020 papers published between 2000 and 2022,gathering data on nutrient concentration and enrichment for critical ions(including K^(+),Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),NH_(4)^(+),Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-))from the Web of Science and Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure *** aimed to synthesize the mechanisms,quantify the enrichments,and identify global patterns of nutrient enrichment in stemflow and throughfall across climate zones,and vegetation types and *** results of this study indicate that stemflow exhibits,on average,2.1times greater ion concentration(6.13 mg L^(-1))compared to *** particular,among the investigated ions,SO_(4)^(2-)(12.45and 6.32 mg L^(-1))for stemflow and throughfall,respectively,and Cl^(-)(9.21 and 4.81 mg L^(-1))exhibit the highest concentrations in both rainfall redistribution components,while K^(+)(13.7 and 5.8)and Mg^(2+)(5.6 and 2.8)have the highest enrichment *** climate zones,throughfall and stemflow show the lowest ion concentrations but the highest enrichment factors in extremely humid *** the temperature gradient,ion concentrations are the highest in cold climates with no clear patterns observed for enrichment factors with increasing *** addition,shrubs,conifers,mixed forests,and artificial ecosystems demonstrate enrichment factors 1.1 to 3.0 times greater than those of trees,broad-leaved plants,pure forests,and natural *** findings emphasize the need for increased attentions to artificial ecosystems,such as urban

关键词： Ecohydrology Rainfall redistribution Nutrients transport Enrichment characteristics Climate zones

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油橄榄叶醇提取物对煎炸油品质的影响

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河南工业大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第3期45卷 41-48,68页

作者：王子怡魏安池魏小花王景一河南工业大学粮油食品学院河南郑州450001

为促进橄榄油产业加工副产物的综合利用,探究了油橄榄叶醇提取物(EEOL)对煎炸薯条过程中大豆油品质的影响。以DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除率为指标,评价EEOL体外抗氧化能力,随后将EEOL加入大豆油中,于180℃进行30 h间歇煎炸,以特丁基对苯二... 详细信息

为促进橄榄油产业加工副产物的综合利用,探究了油橄榄叶醇提取物(EEOL)对煎炸薯条过程中大豆油品质的影响。以DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除率为指标,评价EEOL体外抗氧化能力,随后将EEOL加入大豆油中,于180℃进行30 h间歇煎炸,以特丁基对苯二酚和茶多酚为对照,对煎炸油的基本理化指标、色泽、脂肪酸组成进行分析。结果表明:EEOL中总酚含量为(84.47±0.02)mg/g,总黄酮含量为(35.03±0.03)mg/g;DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除率IC 50分别为15.01μg/mL和43.13μg/mL;煎炸结束后,添加质量分数为0.04%EEOL的煎炸油的酸价增加量与空白组相比降低48.24%,p-茴香胺值降低7.46%,共轭二烯含量降低29.41%,共轭三烯含量降低15.03%,总极性化合物含量降低38.63%,过氧化值波动范围(0.51~1.03 mmol/kg)低于空白组(0.24~1.03 mmol/kg),同时延缓煎炸油红值和黄值的升高及不饱和脂肪酸的氧化损失。综上,EEOL可作为一种具有开发价值的天然抗氧化剂应用到油脂行业中。

关键词：油橄榄叶醇提取物煎炸油天然抗氧化剂

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彩色光栅投影的三维轮廓自动化测量研究

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组合机床与自动化加工技术 2024年第6期 93-96页

作者：徐建亮魏小华兰叶深衢州职业技术学院机电工程学院衢州324000 浙江工业大学机械工程学院杭州310014

为了测量物体的三维轮廓数据,提出一种基于改进彩色光栅投影三维轮廓测量技术,并利用DLP来投影彩色光栅条纹到被测物体上来测量被测物体的高度,由于DLP的投射范围太大,无法直接投射在微小物体上,因此通过自行改装的方式改变DLP的投射范... 详细信息

为了测量物体的三维轮廓数据,提出一种基于改进彩色光栅投影三维轮廓测量技术,并利用DLP来投影彩色光栅条纹到被测物体上来测量被测物体的高度,由于DLP的投射范围太大,无法直接投射在微小物体上,因此通过自行改装的方式改变DLP的投射范围,将其投影面积限制在约20×20 mm内,使其能覆盖整个被测物体。但由于改装时所选用的DLP镜头并不是针对DLP而设计的,因此容易产生光场分布不均的情况,可对无光栅图像或有彩色光栅图像进行光场补偿,使光栅图像更为清楚,用于对被测物体进行更准确的三维轮廓测量与重建分析计算,且获取被测物体的三维数据精度可达2μm,速度在0.024 s内。实验结果表明,该方法具有更高的速度、灵敏度及适用性。

关键词：自动化条纹投影彩色光栅三维轮廓测量

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Application of the first internal transcribed spacer(ITS-1)of ribosomal DNA as a molecular marker to population analysis in farrer's scallop Chlamys farreri

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第1期26卷 93-100页

作者： YU Ziniu wei xiaohua KONG Xiaoyu YU Shanshan Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China . Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China

Sequence variation of the first internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA （ ITS - 1 ） was examined and its application to the study of genetic variation was explored in four populations of farter＇ s scallop Chlamys farreri. ITS - 1 fragments, with a length of about 300 bp,of 78 individuals collected from Dalian, Qingdao, Yantai in China and Korea respectively were amplified via PCR, cloned and sequenced. Intra-genomic variation was examined by sequencing several clones of single individuals. Alignment and polymorphism analysis detected 44 haplotypes and 50 polymorphic sites which consist of 30 substitutions and 20 indels, indicating a high level of polymorphisms. Sequence analysis also showed a very low level of intra-individual variation. All these features validated the feasibility of application of ITS - 1 fragment to population analysis. Polymorphism analysis showed that the Korea sample has the richest genetic variation, followed by Yantai and Qingdao samples. AMOVA （analysis of molecular variance） showed that the majority （96.26%） of genetic variation was distributed within populations and 3.74% resulted from among populations, but with P 〈 0.05 （ = 0.042）, indicating that the populations in this study have significant divergence. This output was basically concordant with the result arising from RAPD data and different from that from mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequence data. Discussion on this inconsistency was made accordingly.

关键词： Chlamys farreri farrer' s scallop internal transcribed spacer ( ITS - 1 ) DNA sequence genetic variation

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上海市长宁区3岁~6岁儿童视力与屈光状态调查

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中国社区医师 2024年第3期40卷 157-159页

作者：卫小华周丽萍何璐上海市长宁区新泾镇社区卫生服务中心上海200335 上海市长宁区妇幼保健院上海200050

目的:调查上海市长宁区3岁~6岁儿童的视力与屈光状态。方法:选取上海市长宁区2021年4—6月9家幼儿园入园幼儿1 590人作为研究对象,对所有儿童行视力及屈光度检测。分析当地儿童视力及屈光情况,探讨各指标的相关性。结果:长宁区3岁~6岁儿... 详细信息

目的:调查上海市长宁区3岁~6岁儿童的视力与屈光状态。方法:选取上海市长宁区2021年4—6月9家幼儿园入园幼儿1 590人作为研究对象,对所有儿童行视力及屈光度检测。分析当地儿童视力及屈光情况,探讨各指标的相关性。结果:长宁区3岁~6岁儿童1 590人中视力低常202人,视力低常率12.70%,单眼视力低常12人(5.94%),左眼5人(2.48%),右眼7人(3.47%);双眼视力低常190人(94.06%)。6岁儿童低常率高于3岁~5岁儿童,5岁儿童低常率高于3岁~4岁儿童,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高度近视组等效球镜度(SE)小于低度近视组与中度近视组,前房深度(AD)小于低度近视组,眼轴长度(AL)大于低度近视组、中度近视组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,视力异常儿童SE与AD、AL呈正相关,AD与AL呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:3岁~6岁学龄前儿童年龄大者视力低常风险高,不同近视程度的患儿眼功能及屈光状态存在差异,SE与AD、AL间相互呈正相关。

关键词：学龄前儿童视力发育近视屈光不正散光

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Review of regional carbon counting methods for the Chinese major ecological engineering programs

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第4期27卷 727-738页

作者： Ji Zheng xiaohua wei Yuanqiu Liu Guohua Liu weifeng Wang Wenfei Liu College of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045 China University of British Columbia (Okanagan Campus) Kelowna BC V1V1VT Canada State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesBeijing 100085 China Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science Hohhot 010010 China Research Institute of Ecology & Environmental Sciences Nanchang Institute of Technology Nanchang 330099 China

In order to improve environment and relieve poverty, China has launched a series of major ecological engineering programs since the 1980 s. These include the Natural Forest Conservation Program, the Sloping Cropland Conversion Program, the Desertification Combating Program, and the Protection Forest System Construction Program. There is a growing need to quantify the contributions of these programs to regional carbon ***, the lack of widely accepted, robust methods is one of the key obstacles to quantification. The objective of this study was to review existing methods for quantifying regional carbon stocks and then recommend suitable ones for the Chinese ecological engineering programs. We expect that the recommended methods can be applied to elsewhere in the world where there are similar characteristics and objectives.

关键词： programs elsewhere vegetation contributions stocks Conversion forests obstacles biomass expect

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Comparison of water quality in two catchments with different forest types in the headwater region of the Hun River, Northeast China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 565-576页

作者： Jiao-jun Zhu Li-zhong Yu Tian-le Xu xiaohua wei Kai Yang CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingyuan Forest CERN Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of British Columbia (Okanagan Campus)

In the headwater catchments of the Hun River,Northeast China, secondary forests(SF) have been replaced by plantations since the 1960 s. Concern has been growing over this loss and the decline in water quality caused by the plantations. To test the effects of plantations on water quality, we selected two separate catchments covered by SF and Pinus koraiensis plantations(KP) to monitor physical and chemical properties of various hydrological variables including throughfall, stemflow,through-litterfall and runoff(flowing out of outlets of the catchments). The physical properties of water declined after water flowed through the two catchments as compared with rainwater. The pH of runoff in both catchments also dramatically decreased. The concentrations of Cl^-, NO_3^- and NH_4^+ in the runoff from the two catchments were similar(concentrations of Cl-and NH_4^+ in both catchments were similar to those in rainwater). Total P concentration in runoff of the SF catchment was higher than that of the KP catchment(P concentrations in both catchments were also higher than in rainwater) because P concentrations in litter and soil of the SF catchment were higher than those in the KP catchment. In summary, the rainwater became acidic in both catchments, but the responses of most water quality variables were similar in the two catchments, suggesting that appropriate ratios of KP in SF are feasible for secondary forest recovery and for preserving water quality(KP did not cause a decline in quality) in the headstream regions in Northeast of China.

关键词： Forested catchments Secondary forests Plantations Water quality

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智慧绿色矿山建设技术探讨

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江苏建材 2024年第1期 118-119页

作者：魏晓华杨永飞邢月龙中国建筑材料工业地质勘查中心江苏总队江苏南京211106

以老虎洞山为例,在绿色矿山建设基础上探索建设智慧矿山关键技术,通过精细化管理,有效利用矿产资源、矿石产量动态控制、安全生产监控和管理,实现矿山生产的可视化、合理化、精细化,监测监控系统的实时化、远程化,数据的高度集成化和智... 详细信息

以老虎洞山为例,在绿色矿山建设基础上探索建设智慧矿山关键技术,通过精细化管理,有效利用矿产资源、矿石产量动态控制、安全生产监控和管理,实现矿山生产的可视化、合理化、精细化,监测监控系统的实时化、远程化,数据的高度集成化和智能化。

关键词：绿色矿山智慧矿山人工智能

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Disentangling the factors that contribute to variation in forest biomass increments in the mid-subtropical forests of China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第4期27卷 919-930页

作者： Yin Ren Shanshan Chen xiaohua wei weimin Xi Yunjian Luo Xiaodong Song Shudi Zuo Yusheng Yang Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Key Laboratory of Urban Metabolism of Xiamen Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus Department of Biological and Health Sciences Texas A&M University-Kingsville College of Environment and Natural Resources Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University

Mid-subtropical forests are the main vegetation type of global terrestrial biomes, and are critical for maintaining the global carbon balance. However, estimates of forest biomass increment in mid-subtropical forests remain highly uncertain. It is critically important to determine the relative importance of different biotic and abiotic factors between plants and soil, particularly with respect to their influence on plant regrowth. Consequently,it is necessary to quantitatively characterize the dynamicspatiotemporal distribution of forest carbon sinks at a regional scale. This study used a large, long-term dataset in a boosted regression tree（BRT） model to determine the major components that quantitatively control forest biomass increments in a mid-subtropical forested region（Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, China）. Long-term,stand-level data were used to derive the forest biomass increment, with the BRT model being applied to quantify the relative contributions of various biotic and abiotic variables to forest biomass increment. Our data show that total biomass（t） increased from 4.62 9 106 to 5.30 9 106 t between 1988 and 2010, and that the mean biomass increased from 80.19 ± 0.39 t ha-1（mean ± standard error） to 94.33 ± 0.41 t ha-1in the study region. The major factors that controlled biomass（in decreasing order of importance） were the stand, topography, and soil. Stand density was initially the most important stand factor, while elevation was the most important topographic factor. Soil factors were important for forest biomass increment but have a much weaker influence compared to the other two controlling factors. These results provide baseline information about the practical utility of spatial interpolationmethods for mapping forest biomass increments at regional scales.

关键词： biomass forests subtropical stand abiotic Castanopsis increment quantitatively uncertain accounted

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DOHaD理念导向的膳食护理结合聚焦解决模式对Hp感染性消化性溃疡患者膳食行为及疾病进展恐惧的影响

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临床医学研究与实践 2024年第27期9卷 182-185页

作者：李绚丽杨燕妮贺麒月魏晓华扶风县人民医院陕西宝鸡722200 深圳大学广东深圳518055 宝鸡市中心医院陕西宝鸡721000

目的探讨基于生命起始的早期营养与健康(DOHaD)理念导向的膳食护理结合聚焦解决模式对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染性消化性溃疡患者膳食行为及疾病进展恐惧的影响。方法择取2022年1月至2023年2月收治的100例Hp感染性消化性溃疡患者为研究对象,... 详细信息

目的探讨基于生命起始的早期营养与健康(DOHaD)理念导向的膳食护理结合聚焦解决模式对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染性消化性溃疡患者膳食行为及疾病进展恐惧的影响。方法择取2022年1月至2023年2月收治的100例Hp感染性消化性溃疡患者为研究对象,随机将其分为对照组(50例)和观察组(50例)。对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上采用DOHaD理念导向的膳食护理结合聚焦解决模式护理。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预前,两组的膳食知识、膳食计划及膳食执行依从性评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组的膳食知识、膳食计划及膳食执行依从性评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);干预后,观察组的Fo P-Q各维度评分均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的消化道症状总发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论DOHaD理念导向的膳食护理结合聚焦解决模式能够改善Hp感染性消化性溃疡患者的膳食行为,减轻疾病进展恐惧,降低消化道症状发生率。

关键词： DOHaD理念导向的膳食护理聚焦解决模式 Hp感染性消化性溃疡膳食行为疾病进展恐惧

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