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Advances in noble metal-modified g-C_(3)N_(4) heterostructures toward enhanced photocatalytic redox ability

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第11期31卷 2368-2389页

作者： xiao zhang Ping Yang Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology Cracow University of TechnologyKrakow 31-155Poland School of Material Science&Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China

The photocatalytic activity of catalysts depends on the energy-harvesting ability and the separation or transport of photogenerated *** light absorption capacity of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))-based composites can be enhanced by adjusting the surface plasmon resonance(SPR)of noble metal nanoparticles(e.g.,Cu,Au,and Pd)in the entire visible *** can be carried out by varying the nanocomponents of the *** SPR of noble metals can enhance the local electromagnetic field and improve interband transition,and resonant energy transfer occurs from plasmonic dipoles to electron-hole pairs via near-field electromagnetic ***,noble metals have emerged as relevant nanocomponents for g-C_(3)N_(4) used in CO_(2) photoreduction and water ***,recent key advances in noble metals(either in single atom,cluster,or nanoparticle forms)and composite photocatalysts based on inorganic or organic nanocomponent-incorporated g-C_(3)N_(4) nanosheets are systematically discussed,including the applications of these photocatalysts,which exhibit improved photoinduced charge mobility in CO_(2) photoconversion and H2 *** related to the different types of multi-nanocomponent heterostructures(involving Schottky junctions,Z-/S-scheme heterostructures,noble metals,and additional semiconductor nanocomponents)and the adjustment of dimensionality of heterostructures(by incorporating noble metal nanoplates on g-C_(3)N_(4) forming 2D/2D heterostructures)are *** current prospects and possible challenges of g-C_(3)N_(4) composite photocatalysts incorporated with noble metals(e.g.,Au,Pt,Pd,and Cu),particularly in water splitting,CO_(2) reduction,pollution degradation,and chemical conversion applications,are summarized.

关键词： g-C_(3)N_(4) heterostructure noble metal photocatalysis H_(2)generation CO_(2)

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Restricted Arc-Connectivity of Harary Digraphs

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第2期12卷 540-547页

作者： jun-Hao zhang Ji-Xiang Meng College of Mathematics and System Science Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046XinJiangChina

The h-restricted arc-connectivity of a digraph is an important parameter to measure fault-tolerance of interconnection *** paper determines that the h-restricted arc-connectivity of the Harary digraph D=G(n;1,2,.:,k)i... 详细信息

关键词： Restricted arc-connectivity λ_(h)(D) Super-λ_(h) λ_(h)-Atom λ_(h)-Superatom

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Numerical simulation on sand sedimentation and erosion characteristics around HDPE sheet sand barrier under different wind angles

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 538-554页

作者： zhang Kai zhang Peili zhang Hailong TIAN Jianjin WANG Zhenghui xiao Jianhua College of Civil Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

For the safety of railroad operations,sand barriers are utilized to mitigate wind-sand disaster *** disasters,characterized by multi-directional wind patterns,result in diverse angles among the *** this study,using numerical simulations,we examined the behavior of High Density Polyethylene(HDPE)sheet sand barriers under different wind angles,focusing on flow field distribution,windproof efficiency,and sedimentation erosion *** study discovered that at a steady wind speed,airflow velocity varies as the angle between the airflow and the HDPE barrier ***,a 90°angle results in the widest low-speed airflow area on the barrier’s downwind *** the airflow is not perpendicular to the barrier,it prompts a lateral airflow movement which decreases as the angle *** windproof efficiency correlates directly with this angle but inversely with the wind’s ***,with a wind angle of 90°,wind speed drops by 81%.The minimum wind speed is found at 5.1H(the sand barrier height)on the barrier’s downwind *** the angle grows,the barrier’s windproof efficiency improves,extending its protective *** is most prominent on the barrier’s downwind side,as the wind angle shifts from 30°to 90°,the sand sedimentation area on the barrier’s downwind side enlarges by *** the angle grows,sedimentation intensifies,eventually overtakes the forward erosion and enlarges the sedimentation area.

关键词： Multi-wind direction HDPE sheet sand barrier Numerical simulation Windproof efficiency Sedimentation erosion

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Visible-light-induced organocatalyzed C（sp2）–H bond functionalization of 1,3-azoles with trifluoroacetylsilanes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3662-3668页

作者： Zhengyu Li Zeguo zhang Zhihan zhang Gang Zhou Yizhi zhang Shanshan Liu xiao Shen The Institute for Advanced Studies Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials Ministry of EducationWuhan University College of Chemistry Central China Normal University

Previous carbene insertion to C–H bonds of 1,3-azoles relied on metal carbene species. Herein, we report a metal-free C（sp2）–H bond functionalization of 1,3-azoles with trifluoroacetylsilanes. The reaction features mild conditions, broad substrate scope and wide functional group tolerance. The mechanistic study supports that the success of the reaction is probably attributed to the dual roles of trifluoroacetylsilanes under the photocatalyzed conditions: generating carbenes which undergo cyclopropanation and generating biradicals which promote ring-opening aromatization of the in situ generated fused cyclopropanes.

关键词： C(sp2)–H bond functionalization carbenes biradicals cyclopropanation brook rearrangement

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Phosphorylated cellulose nanofibers establishing reliable ion-sieving barriers for durable lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 619-628页

作者： Zihao Li Pengsen Qian Hongyang Li He xiao jun Chen Gaoran Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094JiangsuChina National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials Fuzhou 350108FujianChina

The shuttle effect is among the most characteristic and formidable challenges in the pursuit of high-performance lithium-sulfur(Li-S)***,phosphorylated cellulose nanofibers(pCNF)are intentionally engineered to establish an ion-sieving barrier against polysulfide shuttling and thereby improve battery *** phosphorylation,involving the grafting of phosphate groups onto the cellulose backbone,imparts an exceptional electronegativity that repels the polysulfide anions from penetrating through the ***,the electrolyte wettability and Li^(+)transfer can be significantly promoted by the polar nature of pCNF and the facile Li^(+)*** such,rational ion management is realized,contributing to enhanced reversibility in both sulfur and lithium *** a result,Li-S cells equipped with the self-standing pCNF separator demonstrate outstanding long-term cyclability with a minimum fading rate of 0.013%per cycle over 1000 cycles at 1 C,and a decent areal capacity of 5.37 mA h cm^(-2) even under elevated sulfur loading of 5.0 mg cm^(-2) and limited electrolyte of 6.0 mL g^(-1).This work provides a facile and effective pathway toward the well-tamed shuttle effect and highly durable Li-S batteries.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Cellulose Phosphorylation Ion-sieving Shuttle effect

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Research on blade tip clearance cavitation and turbulent kinetic energy characteristics of axial flow pump based on the partially-averaged Navier-Stokes model

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 184-201页

作者： xiao-qi Jia Shuai-kang zhang Zu-chao Zhu Key Laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou310018China

To reveal the cavitation forms of tip leakage vortex(TLV)of the axial flow pump and the flow mechanism of the flow field,this research adopts the partially-averaged Navier-Stokes(PANS)model to simulate the cavitation values of an axial flow pump,followed by experimental *** experimental result shows that compared with the shear stress transport(SST)k-ωmodel,the PANS model significantly reduces the eddy viscosity of the flow field to make the vortex structure clearer and allow the turbulence scale to be more robustly *** cavitation area within the axial flow pump mainly comprises of TLV cavitation,clearance cavitation and tip leakage flows combined effect of triangular cloud cavitation *** formation and development of cavitation are accompanied by the formation and evolution of vortex,and variations in vortex structure also generate and promote the development of *** addition,an in-depth analysis of the relationship between the turbulent kinetic energy(TKE)transport equation and cavitation patterns was also conducted,finding that the regions with relatively high TKE are mainly distributed around gas/liquid boundaries with serious cavitation and evident gas-liquid *** phenomenon is mainly attributed to the combined effect of the pressure action term,stress diffusion term and TKE production term.

关键词： Cavitation axial flow pump tip leakage vortex(TLV) partially-averaged Navier-Stokes(PANS)model turbulent kinetic energy(TKE)

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Sharp bilinear decomposition for products of both anisotropic Hardy spaces and their dual spaces with its applications to endpoint boundedness of commutators

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第9期67卷 2091-2152页

作者： jun Liu Dachun Yang Mingdong zhang School of Mathematics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems(Ministry of Education of China) School of Mathematical SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Let a:=(a_(1),...,a_(n))2[1,∞)^(n),p∈(0,1),andα:=1/*** any x∈R^(n)and t∈[0,∞),letΦ_(p)(x,t):={t/1+(t[x]_(a)^(ν))^(1-p)if να■N,t/1+(t[x]_(a)^(ν))^(1-p)[log(e+|x|a)]^(p)if να∈N,let where [·]a:=1+|·|a,|·|a denotes the anisotropic quasi-homogeneous norm with respect to a,and ν:=a_(1)+…+a_(n).Let H_(a)^(p)(R^(n)),L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)),and H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n))be,respectively,the anisotropic Hardy space,the anisotropic Campanato space,and the anisotropic Musielak-Orlicz Hardy space associated with Φ_(p) on R^(n).In this article,via first establishing the wavelet characterization of anisotropic Campanato spaces,we prove that for any f∈H_(a)^(p)(R^(n))and g∈L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)),the product of f and g can be decomposed into S(f,g)+T(f,g) in the sense of tempered distributions,where S is a bilinear operator bounded from H_(a)^(p)(R^(n))*L_(a)^(a)(R^(Φ_(p))) to L^(1)(R^(n)) and T is a bilinear operator bounded from H_(a)^(p)(R^(n))*L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)) to H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n)) .Moreover,this bilinear decomposition is sharp in the dual sense that any y■H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n)) that fits into the above bilinear decomposition should satisfy(L^(1)(R^(n))+y)*=(L^(1)(R^(n)+H_(a)^(Φ_(p))(R^(n))*.As applications,for any non-constant b∈L_(a)^(a)(R^(n)) and any sublinear operator T satisfying some mild bounded assumptions,we find the largest subspace of H_(a)^(p)(R^(n)),denoted by H_(a,b)^(p)(R^(n)),such that the commutator [b,T] is bounded from H_(a,b)^(p)(R^(n))to L^(1)(R^(n)).In addition,when T is an anisotropic CalderónZygmund operator,the boundedness of [b,T] from H_(a,b)^(p)(R^(n))to L^(1)(R^(n))(or to H_(a)^(1)(R^(n)) is also *** key of their proofs is the wavelet characterization of function spaces under consideration.

关键词： anisotropic Euclidean space bilinear decomposition Hardy space Campanato space Musielak-Orlicz Hardy space commutator wavelet

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Understanding the failure mechanism towards developing high-voltage single-crystal Ni-rich Co-free cathodes

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第6期9卷 1045-1057页

作者： Jixue Shen Bao zhang Changwang Hao xiao Li Zhiming xiao Xinyou He Xing Ou Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China Zhejiang Power New Energy Co. Ltd.Zhuji311899China Material Science and Chemistry Engineering College China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

Benefited from its high process feasibility and controllable costs,binary-metal layered structured LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)(NM)can effectively alleviate the cobalt supply crisis under the surge of global electric vehicles(EVs)sales,which is considered as the most promising nextgeneration cathode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the lack of deep understanding on the failure mechanism of NM has seriously hindered its application,especially under the harsh condition of high-voltage without sacrifices of reversible ***,singlecrystal LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.2)O_(2) is selected and compared with traditional LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM),mainly focusing on the failure mechanism of Cofree cathode and illuminating the significant effect of Co element on the Li/Ni antisite defect and dynamic ***,the presence of high Li/Ni antisite defect in NM cathode easily results in the extremely dramatic H2/H3 phase transition,which exacerbates the distortion of the lattice,mechanical strain changes and exhibits poor electrochemical performance,especially under the high cutoff ***,the reaction kinetic of NM is impaired due to the absence of Co element,especially at the single-crystal ***,the negative influence of Li/Ni antisite defect is controllable at low current densities,owing to the attenuated ***,Co-free NM can exhibit better safety performance than that of NCM *** findings are beneficial for understanding the fundamental reaction mechanism of single-crystal Ni-rich Co-free cathode materials,providing new insights and great encouragements to design and develop the next generation of LIBs with low-cost and high-safety performances.

关键词： Li/Ni antisite defect Dynamic characteristic High-voltage Single-crystal Ni-rich Co-free cathodes Lithium-ion batteries

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Analysis of China's Electricity Price and Electricity Burden of Basic Industries under the Carbon Peak Target before 2030

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 481-491页

作者： Yue Qiu Suyang Zhou Wei Gu xiao-Ping zhang School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjingChina School of Electronic Electrical and System EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamU.K.

The Chinese government is deepening reformation of electricity prices during the 14th Five Year Plan period and has set a carbon emission reduction target of reaching carbon peak before *** this context,will the carbon emission target influence electricity pricing and will electricity price influence competitiveness of Chinese main industries are two questions needing to be *** paper compares China's electricity price level with the selected major countries in the world,and four typical industries are selected to evaluate their electricity burden ***,the correlation between residential electricity price and industrial electricity price and the influencing factors is analyzed,from the perspectives of scale,structure and *** to the model obtained by regression analysis,the electricity price level and corresponding residential and industrial electricity burden in 2025 and 2030 are *** Terms-Electricity burden,industrial electricity price,regression analysis,residential electricity price.

关键词： Electricity burden industrial electricity price regression analysis residential electricity price

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Risk factors for renal outcomes in children with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis:a nationwide retrospective study in China

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第5期20卷 506-516页

作者： Li-Wen Tan jun-Li Wan Chun-Hua Zhu Hong Xu Zheng-Kun Xia Li-Zhi Chen xiao-Chuan Wu Fang Wang xiao-Rong Liu Cheng-Guang Zhao xiao-Zhong Li Jian-Hua Mao xiao-Wen Wang Wen-Yan Huang Yu-Hong Li Jian-Jiang zhang Shi-Pin Feng jun Yang Jiao-Jiao Liu Chun-Lin Gao Li-Ping Rong Lan-jun Shuai Ke Xu He-Jia zhang Qiu Li Ai-Hua zhang Mo Wang Department of Nephrology Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityZhongshan 2nd Rd.136Chongqing400014China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersChina International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical DisordersChildren’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Nephrology Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University72 Guangzhou RoadNanjing210008China Department of Nephrology Children’s Hospital of Fudan UniversityNational Paediatric Medical Center of ChinaShanghaiChina Department of Pediatrics Jinling HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Pediatrics Jinling HospitalThe First School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Pediatrics Jinling HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Pediatrics The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina Department of Pediatrics Peking University First HospitalBeijingChina Department of Nephrology Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100045China National Center for Children’s Health BeijingChina Department of Pediatrics Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina Department of Nephrology and Immunology Children’s Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Department of Nephrology Children HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Nephrology Wuhan Children’s Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital)Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology Shanghai Children’s HospitalSchool

Background Pediatric antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis(AAV)is a life-threatening systemic vasculitis featured by liability to renal ***,there are few studies on the risk factors and predictive models for renal outcomes of AAV in *** Data from 179 AAV children in multiple centers between January 2012 and March 2020 were collected *** risk factors and predictive model of end-stage renal disease(ESRD)in AAV were *** Renal involvement was the most typical manifestation(95.5%),and the crescent was the predominant pathological lesion(84.9%).The estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)was evaluated in 114 patients,of whom 59.6%developed ESRD,and the median time to ESRD was 3.20 *** eGFR[P=0.006,odds ratio(OR)=0.955,95%confidence interval(CI)=0.924–0.987]and the percentages of global glomerulosclerosis(pGGS;P=0.018,OR=1.060,95%CI=1.010–1.112)were independent risk factors for ESRD of renal *** on the pGGS and eGFR at renal biopsy,we developed three risk grades of ESRD and one predictive *** Kaplan‒Meier curve indicated that renal outcomes were significantly different in different risk grades(P<0.001).Compared with serum creatinine at baseline,the predictive model had higher accuracy(0.86 versus 0.58,P<0.001)and a lower coefficient of variation(0.07 versus 0.92)in external *** Renal involvement is the most common manifestation of pediatric AAV in China,of which more than half deteriorates into *** predictive model based on eGFR at renal biopsy and the pGGS may be stable and accurate in speculating the risk of ESRD in AAV children.

关键词： Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody End-stage renal disease Glomerulonephritis Pediatric nephrology Vasculitis

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