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大豆疫霉菌侵染对大豆木质素含量及合成关键基因表达的影响

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大豆科学 2016年第5期35卷 789-794页

作者：甘淑萍闫强崔晓霞薛冬赵晋铭郭娜王海棠邢邯南京农业大学大豆研究所/国家大豆改良中心/农业部大豆生物学与遗传育种重点实验室(综合)/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室江苏南京210095

为探究大豆木质素含量及合成关键基因在与大豆疫霉菌互作过程中的变化趋势及相关性,利用大豆疫霉菌株P6497接种大豆品种Williams,分别于6,8,10和15 d分析了根部组织木质素含量及合成相关基因的表达。结果表明:根组织中木质素含量在疫霉... 详细信息

为探究大豆木质素含量及合成关键基因在与大豆疫霉菌互作过程中的变化趋势及相关性,利用大豆疫霉菌株P6497接种大豆品种Williams,分别于6,8,10和15 d分析了根部组织木质素含量及合成相关基因的表达。结果表明:根组织中木质素含量在疫霉菌侵染过程中积累速度显著增加;对木质素合成过程中9个合成关键基因表达模式分析表明,PAL、C4H和F5H表达水平在所选4个时间点均显著高于未接种对照;CCo AOMT在接种后第8,10和15天3个时间点的表达水平显著高于对照;4CL的表达在接种后第10和15天时比对照上调超过100倍;CAD和CCR表达水平分别在接种后8和10 d与对照存在显著差异;C3H和COMT的表达量在处理组和对照组中差异不显著。在接种样品中,C4H、4CL和CCR基因表达与木质素含量变化模式呈显著正相关。以上结果表明:大豆根部木质素积累受疫霉侵染诱导,暗示木质素参与大豆与疫霉互作过程,同时根据试验结果推测C4H、4CL和CCR是诱导木质素含量提高的关键基因。

关键词：大豆木质素疫霉根腐病抗性基因表达相关性

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Understanding systemic risk induced by climate change

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第3期12卷 384-394页

作者： LI Hui-Min WANG xue-Chun zhao xiao-Fan QI Ye Beijing Climate Change Response Research and Education Center Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing100044China School of Public Policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Division of Public Policy The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Institute for Public Policy The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)GuangzhouChina

The systemic risk induced by climate change represents one of the most prominent threats facing humanity and has attracted increasing attention since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of *** existing literature highlights the importance of systemic risk induced by climate change,but there are still deficiencies in understanding its dynamics and assessing the *** to bridge this gap,this study develops a theoretical framework and employs two cases to illustrate the concept,origin,occurrence,propagation,evolution,and assessment framework of systemic risk induced by climate *** key findings include:1)systemic risk induced by climate change derives from the rapid growth of greenhouse gas,emissions,increasingly complex connections among different socioeconomic systems,and continuous changes in exposure and vulnerability;2)systemic risk induced by climate change is a holistic risk generated by the interconnection,interaction,and dynamic evolution of different types of single risks,and its fundamental,defining feature is cascading *** extent of risk propagation and its duration depend on the characteristics of the various discrete risks that are connected to make up the systemic risk;3)impact domains,severity of impact,and probability of occurrences are three core indicators in systemic risk assessment,and the impact domains should include the economy,society,homeland security,human health,and living *** propose to deepen systemic risk research from three aspects:to develop theories to understand the mechanism of systemic risk;to conduct empirical research to assess future risks;and to develop countermeasures to mitigate the risk.

关键词： Systemic risk Climate change Disaster Risk assessment

Assessment of Wet Season Precipitation in the Central United States by the Regional Climate Simulation of the WRFG Member in NARCCAP and Its Relationship with Large-Scale Circulation Biases

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 619-638页

作者： Yating zhao Ming xue Jing JIANG xiao-Ming HU Anning HUANG School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms and School of Meteorology The University of OklahomaNorman 73072U.S.A

Assessment of past-climate simulations of regional climate models(RCMs)is important for understanding the reliability of RCMs when used to project future regional ***,we assess the performance and discuss possible causes of biases in a WRF-based RCM with a grid spacing of 50 km,named WRFG,from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program(NARCCAP)in simulating wet season precipitation over the Central United States for a period when observational data are *** RCM reproduces key features of the precipitation distribution characteristics during late spring to early summer,although it tends to underestimate the magnitude of *** dry bias is partially due to the model’s lack of skill in simulating nocturnal precipitation related to the lack of eastward propagating convective systems in the *** in reproducing large-scale circulation and environmental conditions is another contributing *** too weak simulated pressure gradient between the Rocky Mountains and the Gulf of Mexico results in weaker southerly winds in between,leading to a reduction of warm moist air transport from the Gulf to the Central Great *** simulated low-level horizontal convergence fields are less favorable for upward motion than in the NARR and hence,for the development of moist convection as ***,a careful examination of an RCM’s deficiencies and the identification of the source of errors are important when using the RCM to project precipitation changes in future climate scenarios.

关键词： NARCCAP Central United States precipitation low-level jet large-scale environment diurnal variation

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High-temperature-tolerant flexible supercapacitors: Gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 426-457页

作者： Chong Peng Xinyi Huang Mingwei zhao Shuling Liao Quanhong Yang Nianjun Yang Siyu Yu School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Southwest University Nanoyang Group Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon and Electrochemical Energy Storage School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Department of Chemistry & IMO-IMOMEC Hasselt University

The development of flexible supercapacitors(FSCs) capable of operating at high temperatures is crucial for expanding the application areas and operating conditions of supercapacitors. Gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials stand as two key components that significantly impact the efficacy of hightemperature-tolerant FSCs(HT-FSCs). They should not only exhibit high electrochemical performance and excellent flexibility, but also withstand intense thermal stress. Considerable efforts have been devoted to enhancing their thermal stability while maintaining high electrochemical and mechanical performance. In this review, the fundamentals of HT-FSCs are outlined. A comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art progress and achievements in HT-FSCs, with a focus on thermally stable gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials is provided. Finally, challenges and future perspectives regarding HT-FSCs are discussed, alongside strategies for elevating operational temperatures and *** review offers both theoretical foundations and practical guidelines for designing and manufacturing HT-FSCs, further promoting their widespread adoption across diverse fields.

关键词： Flexible supercapacitors High-temperature tolerance Gel polymer electrolytes Electrode materials

Evaluation and improvement of pearlite microstructure and mechanical properties in 45Cr4NiMoV and 50Cr5NiMoV steels

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第12期29卷 1995-2005页

作者： Kai-quan Liu xue-jiao Zhang xiao-yang Song Lin zhao Lin Zhu State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina Tianjin Heavy Industries Research&Development Co. Ltd.CFHITianjin 300457China China First Heavy Industry Qiqihar 161042HeilongjiangChina Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China

The microstructure and mechanical properties of pearlite in 45Cr4NiMoV and 50Cr5NiMoV steels were studied and *** microstructural characteristics of pearlite of two steels were carefully examined by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and the type,size and relative amount of extracted carbide particles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and TEM coupled with selected area electron *** hardness,tensile property,impact and fracture toughness of pearlite of two steels were also ***,the carbide dissolution kinetics of 45Cr4NiMoV and 50Cr5NiMoV steels were *** results indicated that the carbides in 50Cr5NiMoV steel exhibited higher dissolution temperature than those in 45Cr4NiMoV steel,which induced different morphologies of pearlite after eutectoid *** to the pearlite with lamellar M_(23)C_(6)carbides in 45Cr4NiMoV steel,the pearlite with the mixture of spheroidized M_(7)C_(3)and lamellar M_(23)C_(6)carbides in 50Cr5NiMoV steel possessed higher impact and plane-strain fracture toughness but lower hardness and strength,because different pearlite morphologies led to different mechanical *** order to further improve the comprehensive properties of the steels,the fraction of M_(7)C_(3)for the material with acceptable properties was examined and dissolution kinetic of M_(7)C_(3)was ***,the austenitizing temperature and holding time could be appropriately selected to keep enough undissolved M_(7)C_(3)in the steels.

关键词： Microstructure Carbide Back-up roll Mechanical property Toughness Spheroidization

Orbitronics for energy-efficient magnetization switching

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期 398-399页

作者： Yuxuan YAO Daoqian ZHU Qingtao XIA Jianing LIANG Yuhao JIANG Zhiyang PENG Jiaxu LI Chen xiao Renyou XU Wenwen WANG Xiantao SHANG Shiyang LU Dapeng ZHU Hong-Xi LIU Kaihua CAO Weisheng zhao Fert Beijing Institute School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Beihang University National Key Lab of Spintronics Institute of International Innovation Beihang University Qingdao Research Institute Beihang University Truth Memory Corporation

Spin-orbit torque （SOT）,as a promising writing method for magnetic random-access memory （MRAM）,has garnered widespread interest for over a decade [1].Heavy metals,such as β-W,have been broadly adopted as spin current sources,but suffer from phase change at a limited thickness,resulting in a dramatic reduction of the charge-tospin conversion efficiency θSH[2].The thickness limitation leads to stringent etching conditions and large distribution among devices,posing challenges for simultaneously satisfying SOT efficiency,etching-stop margins,and back-end-ofline （BEOL） compatibility.

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Decision making module based on stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 202-209页

作者： Yifan Miao Li zhao Yajun Zhang Zhe Yuan Center for Advanced Quantum Studies and Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Institute for Nanoelectric Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Interdisciplinary Center for Theoretical Physics and Information Sciences Fudan University

In biological neural systems, noise is ubiquitous but does not affect the correct decisions made in the complex cognitive ***-making in biological neural system is typically achieved by accumulating input information over a period of *** by recent developments in neurosciences, we design a decision-making module based on spintronic devices, utilizing superparamagnetic tunnel junctions as artificial neurons. The feasibility of this decision-making module is verified through circuit simulations. Taking a multi-layer perceptron as an example, the module significantly improves the accuracy of the perceptron in the handwritten digit recognition task. Furthermore, the spintronic decision-making module offers advantages over the conventional pooling methods, such as adaptive decision time, high performance and the absence of analog-to-digital conversion. The decision-making module is flexible to be integrated into artificial neural networks and provides a general yet effective solution to enhance performance against device noise.

关键词： neuromorphic computing spintronics magnetic tunnel junction neural networks

Rapid bilateral anterior capsule contraction following high myopic cataract surgeries:a case report

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2011年第2期4卷 207-209页

作者： Wei xiao Dai-Xin zhao and Long-Quan xue Department of Ophthalmology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110004 Liaoning Province China

We describe a rapid anterior capsule contraction following phacoemulsifiction and intraocular lens(IOL) implantation in an old woman with high myopia. The patient with high myopia complicated with cataract received phacoemulcification and IOL implantation bilaterally .The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from 0.1 to 0.4 in the right eye and 0.5 in the left eye 1 week after surgeries.5 weeks after surgery of the right eye and 4 weeks after surgery of the left eye, the patient complained blurred vision in the right eye. BCVA of the right eye was 0.06 and that of the left was 0.1. Slit-lamp examination revealed anterior capsule contraction in both eyes and a fully closed capsulorhexis opening in the right eye. The IOLs were centered but almost completely enclosed, with numerous linear fibrous folds radiating from the hick central fibrosis. We surgically excised the central part of the anterior capsule of the eyes with microscissors, resulting again in BCVA of 0.4 and 0.5 in the right and left eyes respectively. Anterior capsule contraction might appear much earlier than three months after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation surgery in case of high myopia complicated with cataract. Patients with high myopia receive cataract and IOL surgery should be monitored carefully for the rapid development of anterior capsule contraction.

关键词： high myopia cataract phacoemulsification anterior capsule contraction

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome:A case report and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第45期20卷 17254-17259页

作者： xue-Li Jin zhao-Hong Wang Xi-Bin xiao Lian-Sheng Huang xiao-Ying zhao Department of Hematology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Department of Surgical Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome(BRBNS)is a rare disease characterized by multiple venous malformations and hemangiomas in the skin and visceral *** lesions often involve the cutaneous and gastrointestinal *** organs can also be involved,such as the central nervous system,liver,and *** most common symptoms are gastrointestinal bleeding and secondary iron deficiency *** syndrome may also present with severe complications such as rupture,intestinal torsion,and intussusception,and can even cause *** malformations are usually asymptomatic and do not require *** treatment of gastrointestinal lesions is determined by the extent of intestinal involvement and severity of the *** patients respond to supportive therapy,such as iron supplementation and blood *** more significant hemorrhages or severe complications,surgical resection,endoscopic sclerosis,and laser photocoagulation have been *** we present a case of BRBNS in a 45-year-old woman involving 16sites including the scalp,eyelid,orbit,lip,tongue,face,back,upper and lower limbs,buttocks,root of neck,clavicle area,superior mediastinum,glottis,esophagus,colon,and anus,with secondary severe *** addition,we summarize the epidemiology,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and therapies of this disease by analyzing all previously reported cases to enhance the awareness of this syndrome.

关键词： Anemia Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome Hemangioma Vascular malformations Gastrointestinal bleeding