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A midgut-specific lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase of Locusta migratoria is indispensable for the deconstruction of the peritrophic matrix

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1287-1298页

作者： Ming-Bo Qu xiao-Xi Guo Lin Kong Ling-Jie Hou Qing Yang School of Bioengineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalianLiaoning ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases(LPMOs)are important enzymes that boost the hydrolysis of recalcitrant polysaccharides,such as chitin.They are found extensively in different insect species and are classified as auxiliary activities family 15(AA15)LPMOs(LPMO15).Some of them were identified from the insect midgut and proven to act on chitin.However,knowledge about their physiological roles during insect growth and development remains limited.Here,we found that midgut-specific LPMO15s are widely distributed in different insect orders,such as the orthopteran Locusta migratoria and the lepidopteran Bombyx mori.Using L.migratoria as a model insect,the function of midgut-specific LmLPMO15-3 during development was investigated.Double-stranded RNA-mediated downregulation of LmLPMO15-3 expression at the 4th or 5th instar nymph stage severely decreased the survival rate and resulted in lethal phenotypes.Hematoxylin and eosin staining results indicated that the deficient individuals exhibited incompletely digested peritrophic matrix(PM),which suggested that LmLPMO15-3 is essential for the deconstruction of the PM during molting.This study provides direct evidence of the physiological importance of a midgut-specific LPMO15 during insect development.As L.migratoria is one of the most destructive agricultural pests,LmLPMO15-3 is a potential target for pest management.

关键词： chitin Locusta migratoria lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase midgut peritrophic matrix RNAi

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Challenges and Perspectives in Target Identification and Mechanism Illustration for Chinese Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第7期29卷 644-654页

作者： guo xiao-xi AN Su BAO Fan XU Tian-rui Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650500China The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province Kunming650032China

Chinese medicine(CM)is an important resource for human life understanding and discovery of drugs.However,due to the unclear pharmacological mechanism caused by unclear target,research and international promotion of many active components have made little progress in the past decades of years.CM is mainly composed of multi-ingredients with multi-targets.The identification of targets of multiple active components and the weight analysis of multiple targets in a specific pathological environment,that is,the determination of the most important target is the main obstacle to the mechanism clarification and thus hinders its internationalization.In this review,the main approach to target identification and network pharmacology were summarized.And BIBm(Bayesian inference modeling),a powerful method for drug target identification and key pathway determination was introduced.We aim to provide a new scientific basis and ideas for the development and international promotion of new drugs based on CM.

关键词： Chinese medicine target identification network pharmacology Bayesian inference modeling

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Towards Positivity:A Large-Scale Diachronic Sentiment Analysis of the Humanities and Social Sciences in China

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2023年第4期16卷 569-589页

作者： Wei xiao Yuxin guo xi Zhao School of Foreign Languages and Cultures Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina Research Center for Language Cognition and Language ApplicationChongqing UniversityChongqingChina

With its rising number of publications and expanding international collaborations,China's humanities and social sciences(HSS)research is displaying its potential for global prominence.Researchers have been exploring the development of China's HSS from different perspectives.However,the examinations from the perspective of sentiment analysis are scanty.Our aim is then to examine the sentiment features in Chinese HSS academic writing,by analyzing a large-scale corpus with over 275 million characters and with a time span from 2000 to 2020.Considering that most studies only focused on abstracts,we examined both the abstracts and the full texts,as well as a direct comparison between them.We found that Chinese HSS academic writing has evolved to be more positively biased in the past two decades,showing an upward trend in the use of positive words and a slight downward trend in the use of negative words.However,the upward trend of positive words in the full texts is not that clear,resembling a fluctuating pattern.Regarding the comparison,the abstracts are more likely to use positive words while the full texts tend to use more negative words.These phenomena can be explained with the social cognitive theory,in that they may be shaped by a joint force of the nature of human beings,the nature of language,the particular socio-cultural background in China and the features of the academic genre.

关键词： China Humanities and social sciences Academic writing Linguistic positivity bias Sentiment analysis

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Distribution of oxide inclusions in H13 castings under super-gravity field with multi-stage rotation speeds

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 121-133页

作者： Shao-ying Li xiao-jun xi xing-ming Zhao Han-jie guo Jing guo School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials Beijing100083China Beijing Beiye Functional Materials Corporation Beijing100192China Shandong Tianwu Forming Technology Co. Ltd.Liaocheng252024ShandongChina

The 42 kg industrial H13 castings were prepared by different super-gravity fields with multi-rotation speeds,and the distribution of oxide inclusions in the castings was studied.In addition,the inward movement Reynolds number and inward movement time of oxide inclusions as well as the solidification time of molten steel at different positions in the castings were calculated to clarify the removal mechanism of oxide inclusions in super-gravity field.The results show that the large size(i.e.,greater than 10μm)oxide inclusions are mainly concentrated in the inner and outer parts of the super-gravity castings with constant rotation speed(500 r min^(-1))and five-stage rotation speeds(500,600,750,850,and 950 r min^(-1)),respectively,while there are no large oxide inclusions in the super-gravity castings with three-stage rotation speeds(500,600,and 750 r min^(-1)).Although an increase in the particle size of inclusion and the rotation speed in super-gravity field is conducive to the increase in the inward movement Reynolds number of oxide inclusions and reduction in the inward movement time of oxide inclusions,it will reduce the local solidification time of molten steel.In the range of the rotation speed studied,the super-gravity field with three-stage rotation speeds has the best effect on the removal of inclusions in H13 molten steel.

关键词： Distribution Oxide inclusion H13 casting Super-gravity field Rotation speed

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Pollen Extract of Populus deltoides Stimulates Lung Inflammation in a Mouse Model

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第2期35卷 161-164页

作者： guo Wei JIANG Yu xin ZHAN xiao Dong JIANG Feng xi Yi Long School of Ecology and Environment Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002AnhuiChina School of Basic Medicine Wannan Medical CollegeWuhu 241002AnhuiChina Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology Jiaxing University College of MedicineJiaxing 314001ZhejiangChina

Allergic asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing,bronchoconstriction,and airway hyperresponsiveness(AHR)[1].In recent years,allergic asthma has become a heated public health problem because of the highly increased incidence and prevalence[2].The main pathogenesis of asthma is airway inflammation and AHR.AHR is caused by an imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells with predominance to Th2,whereas airway inflammation is caused by increased levels of Th2 cytokine[3].Major effects of pathological changes in the respiratory include eosinophil infiltration,bronchial epithelial cell damage,obstruction of the mucus plug,and thickening of the submucosal muscle layer[4,5].

关键词： Th1/Th2 Th2 inflammation

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The novel roles of circular RNAs in metabolic organs

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Genes & Diseases 2018年第1期5卷 16-23页

作者： Zhi-Chun Zhang xiao-Long guo xi Li Biology Science Institutes Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016PR China

Circular RNAs(circRNAs)with a covalently closed loop structure which was different with linear RNAs,recently re-merged as novel regulator and exerted function in multiple biological processes.Through deep RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)technology coupled with bioinformatic analyses,a number of circRNAs has been identified.Moreover,circRNAs exhibit tissue-and development-specific expression indicating their potential biological significance.Actually,function of circRNAs as miRNA sponge has been well demonstrated in some diseases,besides,circRNAs also could function as RNA binding protein sponge and regulate alternative splicing and gene transcription.Notably,Emerging evidences showed that circRNAs played a pivotal role on the development of diseases including atherosclerotic vascular disease,neurological disorders and liver diseases,and served as diagnostic or predictive biomarkers of some diseases.This review mainly discusses the current advance of circRNAs as regulator involved in many diseases,and highlights circRNAs which have been well elucidated biological and pathogenic mechanism.

关键词： Brain Circular RNAs Liver Metabolic disease Metabolism

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Correlation Between Yield Stress of Silty Mud Sediments and Continuous Oscillatory Shearing Properties

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China Ocean Engineering 2022年第2期36卷 223-232页

作者： CHEN xiao-hui ZHANG Min-xi YUE Shao-lin ZHOU Huan YU guo-liang SKLOE CISSEDepartment of Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China CCCC Road&Bridge Special Engineering Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430061China

Analyzing the rheological properties of silty beds subjected to continuous oscillatory shear loading is crucial for understanding the morphological deformation of the seabed and ensuring safety in geological and marine engineering applications.In this study,the effects of oscillatory shearing properties on the yield stress(S_(u))of silty sediments were quantitatively investigated.The effects of oscillatory shear strength(0-3),water content(26.6%-70.84%),and particle diameter(8.79-50μm)were examined extensively through a series of laboratory tests.The results indicated that the three aforementioned parameters were the major factors that affected the rheological characteristics of silty sediments.Furthermore,their effects could be elucidated using the yield stress of cohesive sediments as the indicator parameter.The ratio of yield stress(S_(u)/S_(u0))varied as the oscillatory shear strength increased up to a critical value,Λ_(cr).S_(u)bsequently,the ratio remained at a constant value.It was deduced that the yield stress decreased with increasing oscillatory shear strength forΛΛ_(cr),the sediments entered an equilibrium fluidization stage,and the yield stress remained almost constant,irrespective of the oscillatory shear strength.Furthermore,during the equilibrium fluidization stage,it was observed that the ratio S_(u)/S_(u0)did not vary with water content but decreased as the particle diameter increased.Finally,based on regression analysis of the experimental data for non-equilibrium and equilibrium fluidization stages,a correlation between yield stress of silty sediments and continuous oscillatory shearing properties was proposed.This correlation can aid in understanding the changes in solid resistance and assessing safety in piling engineering.Furthermore,it can provide a theoretical guidance for reducing soil resistance in marine structures using mechanical vibrations.

关键词： silty sediments yield stress water content particle diameter oscillatory shear strength

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Shikani Optical Stylet versus Macintosh Laryngoscope for Intubation in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Cervical Spondylosis： A Randomized Controlled Trial

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第3期130卷 297-302页

作者： Mao Xu xiao-xi Li xiang-Yang guo Jun Wang Department of Anesthesiology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing 100191 China Department of Anesthesiology Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute Beijing 100142 China

Background： Airway management is critical in patients with cervical spondylosis, a population with a high incidence of difficult airway. Intubation with Shikani Optical Styler （SOS） has become increasingly popular in difficult airway. We compared the effects ofintubation with SOS versus Macintosh laryngoscope （MLS） in patients undergoing surgery for cervical spondylosis. Methods： A total of 270 patients scheduled for elective surgery for cervical spondylosis of spinal cord and nerve root type from August 2012 to January 2016 were enrolled and randomly allocated to the MLS or SOS group by random numbers. Patients were evaluated for difficult airway preoperatively, and Cormack-Lehane laryngoscopy classification was determined during anesthesia induction. Difficult airway was defined as Cormack-Lehane Grades IlI IV. Patients were intubated with the randomly assigned intubation device. The success rate, intubation time, required assistance, immediate complications, and postoperative complaints were recorded. Categorical variables were analyzed by Chi-square test, and continuous variables were analyzed by independent samples t-test or rank sum test. Results： The success rate of intubation among normal airways was 100% in both groups. In patients with difficult airway, the success rates in the MLS and SOS groups were 84.2% and 94.1%, respectively （P = 0.605）. lntubation with SOS took longer compared with MLS （normal airway： 25.1 ± 5.8 s vs. 24.5 ± 5.7 s, P = 0.426; difficult airway： 38.5± 8.5 s vs. 36.1 ±8,2 s, P = 0.389）. Intubation with SOS required less assistance in patients with difficult airway （5.9% vs. 100%, P 〈 0.001 ）. The frequency of postoperative sore throat was lower in SOS group versus MLS group in patients with normal airway （22.0% vs. 34.5%, P =0.034）. Conclusions： SOS is a sale and effective airway management device in patients undergoing surgery for cervical spondylosis. Compared with MLS, SOS appears clinically beneficial for intubation, especially in patients with difficult airway. Trial Registrati

关键词： Airway Cervical Spondylosis lntubation Laryngoscope Optical Stylet

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Inversion tillage with straw incorporation affects the patterns of soil microbial co-occurrence and multi-nutrient cycling in a Hapli-Udic Cambisol

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1546-1559页

作者： CHEN Xu HAN xiao-zeng WANG xiao-hui guo Zhen-xi YAN Jun LU xin-chun ZOU Wen-xiu Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 150081P.R.China Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Wafangdian City Wafangdian 116300P.R.China Modern Agricultural Development Service Center of Tieling County Tieling 112600P.R.China

Inversion tillage with straw amendment is widely applied in northeastern China, and it can substantially increase the storage of carbon and improve multiple subsoil functions. Soil microorganisms are believed to be the key to this process,but research into their role in subsoil amelioration is limited. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in 2018 in a region in northeastern China with Hapli-Udic Cambisol using four treatments: conventional tillage(CT, tillage to a depth of 15 cm with no straw incorporation), straw incorporation with conventional tillage(SCT, tillage to a depth of 15 cm),inversion tillage(IT, tillage to a depth of 35 cm) and straw incorporation with inversion tillage(SIT, tillage to a depth of 35 cm). The soils were managed by inversion to a depth of 15 or 35 cm every year after harvest. The results indicated that SIT improved soil multi-nutrient cycling variables and increased the availability of key nutrients such as soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in both the topsoil and subsoil.In contrast to CT and SCT, SIT created a looser microbial network structure but with highly centralized clusters by reducing the topological properties of average connectivity and node number, and by increasing the average path length and the modularity. A Random Forest analysis found that the average path length and the clustering coefficient were the main determinants of soil multi-nutrient cycling. These findings suggested that SIT can be an effective option for improving soil multi-nutrient cycling and the structure of microbial networks, and they provide crucial information about the microbial strategies that drive the decomposition of straw in Hapli-Udic Cambisol.

关键词： soil microbiome microbial co-occurrence networks straw amendment soil nutrient

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Research progress of stem cell therapy for liver cirrhosis

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Journal of Hainan Medical University 2022年第2期28卷 65-69页

作者： Chun-Liu guo xiao-xi Huang Department of Gastroenterology Affliated Haikou hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South UniversityHaikou 570208China

Liver cirrhosis is the terminal stage caused by various chronic liver injury.There are many complications and death in the late stage.There is no effective treatment method at present.In recent years,with the rapid development of regenerative medicine,the treatment of liver cirrhosis based on stem cell transplantation technology has become a new research hotspot.Scholars at home and abroad have carried out a series of basic and clinical research,and achieved certain results,which brings new hope for the majority of patients with liver cirrhosis.This article reviews the research progress of various types of stem cells in the treatment of liver cirrhosis.

关键词： Stem cells Liver cirrhosis Treatment

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