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Prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in China:lessons from the past three decades

Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第23期134卷 2799-2809页

作者： Jun-Jie xu Meng-Jie han Yong-Jun Jiang Hai-Bo Ding Xi Li xiao-xu han Fan Lv Qing-Feng Chen Zi-Ning Zhang Hua-Lu Cui Wen-Qing Geng Jing Zhang Qi Wang Jing Kang xiao-Lin Li Hong Sun Ya-Jing Fu Ming-Hui An Qing-Hai Hu Zhen-Xing Chu Ying-Jie Liu Hong Shang NHC Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology(China Medical University) National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110001China Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Liaoning Province The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110001China Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesShenyangLiaoning 110001China Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases HangzhouZhejiang 310003China National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China National Clinical Research Center of Cardiovascular Diseases State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseasesFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China.

In the past 37 years,human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS)has undergone various major transmission routes in China,with the world most complex co-circulating HIV-1 subtypes,even the prevalence is still *** response to the first epidemic outbreak of HIV in injecting drug users and the second one by illegal commercial blood collection,China issued the Anti-Drug Law and launched the Blood Donation Act and nationwide nucleic acid testing,which has avoided 98,232 to 211,200 estimated infections and almost ended the blood product-related *** has been providing free antiretroviral therapy(ART)since 2003,which covered>80%of the identified patients and achieved a viral suppression rate of 91%.To bend the curve of increasing the disease burden of HIV and finally end the epidemic,China should consider constraining HIV spread through sexual transmission,narrowing the gaps in identifying HIV cases,and the long-term effectiveness and safety of ART in the future.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Antiretroviral therapy Transmission route HIV-1 subtype

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Distribution of natural killer cell receptors in HIV infected individuals

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第17期120卷 1544-1548页

作者： JIANG Yong-jun ZhanG Zi-ning DIAO Ying-ying GENG Wen-qing DAI Di LIU Jing WANG Ya-nan ZhanG Min han xiao-xu ShanG Hong Key Laboratory of AIDS Immunology of Ministry of Health FirstHosoital of China Medical University Shenvang 110001 China

Natural killer （NK） cells are bone marrow derived, large granular lymphocytes, comprising approximately 10% to 20% of the mononuclear cell fraction in normal peripheral blood. They form a part of the first line defense mechanism against tumoural and viral spreading^1-4 Unlike T and B cells, NK cells do not require gene rearrangement for assembly of their receptor genes; rather, NK cells discriminate potential target cells based on the levels of self major histocompatibility complex （MHC） class I expression on such cells^5.6 There are two kinds of NK cell receptors^2.7.8 Inhibitory receptors recognize MHC class I molecules and deliver a downregulatory signal that inactivates the lytic machinery of NK cells. Stimulatory receptors expressed by NK cells deliver an activation signal.

关键词： HIV infections NK cells NK cell receptors

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High-precision tip positioning composite feedforward control of linear colocated motion systems with Bi-Loop iterative feedforward tuning

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Junyu HU Yourui TAO Shanhu LI xu han College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment Hebei University of Technology

To enhance the tip positioning accuracy and robustness against disturbances of linear colocated motion systems, a novel composite feedforward (COMFF) control with Bi-Loop iterative feedforward tuning (IFFT) is proposed. The tip positioning error consists of the coupled tip residual vibration and linear motor tracking error. Given the influence of nonlinear friction and load flexibility, the topology of COMFF is designed as decoupled structures so that COMFF can suppress the tip residual vibration and compensate for the linear motor tracking error compatibly. Furthermore, Bi-Loop IFFT is built to improve the robustness of COMFF in high-precision motor tracking performance. In the state space of the linear motor tracking error based on the projection theorem, two loops are performed in parallel along the iteration direction. One is the P-type iteration loop that drives linear motor tracking errors to converge to the zero state. The other is the observation loop constructed by the recursive least square with forgetting factors to accelerate the P-type iteration loop. Driven by the P-type iteration loop with the aid of the observation loop, the proposed COMFF is integrated with fast convergence and high robustness when confronted with model disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed COMFF combined with Bi-Loop IFFT is validated by experiments.

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Recent Advances in Fibrous Materials for Hydroelectricity Generation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 109-133页

作者： Can Ge Duo xu xiao Feng Xing Yang Zheheng Song Yuhang Song Jingyu Chen Yingcun Liu Chong Gao Yong Du Zhe Sun Weilin xu Jian Fang College of Textile and Clothing Engineering Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200People’s Republic of China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Materials Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK College of Textile Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology100 Haiquan RoadShanghai 201418People’s Republic of China

Depleting fossil energy sources and conventional polluting power generation pose a threat to sustainable *** generation from ubiquitous and spontaneous phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water has been considered a promising strategy for mitigating the energy *** materials with unique flexibility,processability,multifunctionality,and practicability have been widely applied for fibrous materials-based hydroelectricity generation(FHG).In this review,the power generation mechanisms,design principles,and electricity enhancement factors of FHG are first ***,the fabrication strategies and characteristics of varied constructions including 1D fiber,1D yarn,2D fabric,2D membrane,3D fibrous framework,and 3D fibrous gel are ***,the advanced functions of FHG during water harvesting,proton dissociation,ion separation,and charge accumulation processes are analyzed in ***,the potential applications including power supply,energy storage,electrical sensor,and information expression are also ***,some existing challenges are considered and prospects for future development are sincerely proposed.

关键词： Hydroelectricity Fibrous material Streaming potential Ion diffusion

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动脉内溶栓治疗视网膜中央动脉阻塞的研究进展

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国际眼科杂志 2023年第9期23卷 1486-1489页

作者：许晓晗吴迪高渊张旭乡首都医科大学宣武医院眼科中国北京市100053 首都医科大学宣武医院中美神经科学研究所中国北京市100053 北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院生物与医学工程学系中国北京市100191 首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院眼科中国北京市100070

视网膜中央动脉阻塞(CRAO)又称为眼卒中,常导致急性无痛性的视力丧失。CRAO的保守治疗措施有眼球按摩、降低眼压,使用血管扩张药物等,均在临床应用中收效甚微。随着动脉内溶栓(IAT)在急性缺血性脑卒中的治疗中展现出来积极的作用,IAT也... 详细信息

视网膜中央动脉阻塞(CRAO)又称为眼卒中,常导致急性无痛性的视力丧失。CRAO的保守治疗措施有眼球按摩、降低眼压,使用血管扩张药物等,均在临床应用中收效甚微。随着动脉内溶栓(IAT)在急性缺血性脑卒中的治疗中展现出来积极的作用,IAT也逐渐被应用到CRAO的治疗中,并显示出一定的疗效。IAT是通过微导管将纤维蛋白溶解药物直接注入眼动脉,从而溶解阻塞视网膜中央动脉的栓子,以恢复视网膜的血流。从理论上讲,CRAO患者接受IAT治疗后应该具有与脑卒中治疗相同的良好效果,但目前各项临床研究的结果并不一致。本文总结了IAT治疗CRAO的可行性、有效性及安全性,并分析影响预后的相关因素,提出未来可能的发展方向,为IAT在CRAO治疗中的进一步临床应用提供依据。

关键词：视网膜中央动脉阻塞动脉内溶栓脑卒中神经保护

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Chondroitinase ABC combined with Schwann cell transplantation enhances restoration of neural connection and functional recovery following acute and chronic spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1467-1482页

作者： Wenrui Qu Xiangbing Wu Wei Wu Ying Wang Yan Sun Lingxiao Deng Melissa Walker Chen Chen Heqiao Dai Qi han Ying Ding Yongzhi Xia George Smith Rui Li Nai-Kui Liu xiao-Ming xu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of hand Surgery the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

Schwann cell transplantation is considered one of the most promising cell-based therapy to repair injured spinal cord due to its unique growth-promoting and myelin-forming properties.A the Food and Drug Administration-approved Phase I clinical trial has been conducted to evaluate the safety of transplanted human autologous Schwann cells to treat patients with spinal cord injury.A major challenge for Schwann cell transplantation is that grafted Schwann cells are confined within the lesion cavity,and they do not migrate into the host environment due to the inhibitory barrier formed by injury-induced glial scar,thus limiting axonal reentry into the host spinal *** we introduce a combinatorial strategy by suppressing the inhibitory extracellular environment with injection of lentivirus-mediated transfection of chondroitinase ABC gene at the rostral and caudal borders of the lesion site and simultaneously leveraging the repair capacity of transplanted Schwann cells in adult rats following a mid-thoracic contusive spinal cord *** report that when the glial scar was degraded by chondroitinase ABC at the rostral and caudal lesion borders,Schwann cells migrated for considerable distances in both rostral and caudal *** Schwann cell migration led to enhanced axonal regrowth,including the serotonergic and dopaminergic axons originating from supraspinal regions,and promoted recovery of locomotor and urinary bladder ***,the Schwann cell survival and axonal regrowth persisted up to 6 months after the injury,even when treatment was delayed for 3 months to mimic chronic spinal cord *** findings collectively show promising evidence for a combinatorial strategy with chondroitinase ABC and Schwann cells in promoting remodeling and recovery of function following spinal cord injury.

关键词： axonal regrowth bladder function chondroitinase ABC functional recovery glial scar lentivirus migration Schwann cell spinal cord injury transplantation

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Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 836-844页

作者： Do-Hun Lee Dan Cao Younghye Moon Chen Chen Nai-Kui Liu xiao-Ming xu Wei Wu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

关键词： behavioral assessment motor function neural plasticity running wheel exercise spinal cord injury treadmill exercise voluntary exercise

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表达HIV单链抗体的重组乳酸杆菌的构建及表型分析

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中国生物工程杂志 2019年第10期39卷 1-8页

作者：安明晖田文韩晓旭尚红中国医科大学附属第一医院国家卫生健康委员会艾滋病免疫学重点实验室沈阳110001 中国医科大学附属第一医院辽宁省艾滋病免疫学重点实验室沈阳110001 中国医学科学院艾滋病免疫学重点实验室沈阳110001

近年来,基于抗体药物的被动免疫策略在人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)预防和治疗中获得一定的成效,但仍需要定期补充抗体,才能维持体内长期有效的药物浓度,如何延长抗体药物的作用时间是亟待解决的问题。根据乳酸杆菌的食品安全性和黏膜定植稳定... 详细信息

近年来,基于抗体药物的被动免疫策略在人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)预防和治疗中获得一定的成效,但仍需要定期补充抗体,才能维持体内长期有效的药物浓度,如何延长抗体药物的作用时间是亟待解决的问题。根据乳酸杆菌的食品安全性和黏膜定植稳定性,把HIV单链抗体连接到具有宿主同源启动子和信号肽的乳酸杆菌表达质粒pldhl0373中,电转化乳酸杆菌WCFS1感受态细胞,通过红霉素筛选出阳性单菌落,发酵培养后菌液经Western blot检测证明了单链抗体得到表达,并具有抗病毒能力。与野生型WCFS1菌株相比,重组菌体外生长能力未发生改变,发酵24h后菌液的CFU均可达到109/ml;单链抗体基因的插入不会明显改变重组菌黏膜细胞定植能力,每平方厘米单层上皮细胞可稳定定植105CFU的菌落。以宿主黏膜共生菌为媒介,在黏膜细胞表面实现抗病毒蛋白的长期稳定表达为预防HIV黏膜传播提供了一种新的思路。

关键词： HIV单链抗体植物乳酸杆菌启动子信号肽黏膜上皮细胞

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A dry-electrode enabled ECG-on-Chip with arrhythmia-aware data transmission

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年

作者： Xinzi xu Yanxing SUO Yang ZHAO Peiyi ZHOU xiao han Qiao CAI Min WANG Jiajun YUAN Liebin ZHAO Yongfu LI Guoxing WANG Yong LIAN Department of Micro-Nano Electronics and MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence Shanghai Jiao Tong University Pediatric AI Clinical Application and Research Center Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligence Pediatrics (SERCIP) Child Health Advocacy Institute Shanghai Children's Medical Center School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligence Pediatrics (SERCIP) Xin Hua Hospital Affiliate to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Early detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) can be significantly enhanced through the use of flexible wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors, potentially reducing CVD-related mortality. This paper introduces an ECG-on-Chip (EoC) solution tailored for flexible ECG sensors, incorporating novel features to address common challenges in wearable ECG technology. The EoC integrates a chopper-stabilized capacitively-coupled instrumentation amplifier (CS-CCIA),ensuring a high common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) and low noise performance. Performance is further boosted via a positive feedback loop (PFL) and a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) with shared on-chip calibration logic, which enhances input impedance and minimizes gain variability to ensure consistent algorithm performance. Additionally, a secondary chopping technique is employed to further reduce noise, achieving an input-referred noise level of 454 nVrms. The embedded algorithm within the EoC is designed to extract clinically meaningful features, facilitating robust real-time arrhythmia analysis. Fabricated using a 0.18μm CMOS process, the EoC consumes 14.9μW with a supply voltage of 1.2 V. The algorithm’s efficacy has been validated over 0.4 million heartbeats, demonstrating a sensitivity of over 99.7%for R-peak detection and 98.3%for arrhythmia analysis. To demonstrate practical application, the EoC has been integrated with a commercial Bluetooth low energy (BLE)transceiver, forming a wireless arrhythmia monitoring sensor equipped with dry electrodes. This system consumes 292.04μW in arrhythmia-aware transmission mode, supporting 13 days of operation with a 30 mAh thin-film battery.

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Catalyst–Support Interaction in Polyaniline‑Supported Ni_(3)Fe Oxide to Boost Oxygen Evolution Activities for Rechargeable Zn‑Air Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 176-190页

作者： xiaohong Zou Qian Lu Mingcong Tang Jie Wu Kouer Zhang Wenzhi Li Yunxia Hu xiaomin xu xiao Zhang Zongping Shao Liang An Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong KongMa Lin BuildingShatinHong Kong SAR 999077People’s Republic of China WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering(WASM‑MECE)Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China

Catalyst–support interaction plays a crucial role in improving the catalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Here we modulate the catalyst–support interaction in polyaniline-supported Ni_(3)Fe oxide(Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI)with a robust hetero-interface,which significantly improves oxygen evolution activities with an overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and specific activity of 2.08 mA cm_(ECSA)^(-2)at overpotential of 300 mV,3.84-fold that of Ni_(3)Fe *** is revealed that the catalyst–support interaction between Ni_(3)Fe oxide and PANI support enhances the Ni–O covalency via the interfacial Ni–N bond,thus promoting the charge and mass transfer on Ni_(3)Fe *** the excellent activity and stability,rechargeable Zn-air batteries with optimum Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI are assembled,delivering a low charge voltage of 1.95 V to cycle for 400 h at 10 mA cm^(-2).The regulation of the effect of catalyst–support interaction on catalytic activity provides new possibilities for the future design of highly efficient OER catalysts.

关键词： Catalyst-support interaction Supported catalysts Heterointerface Oxygen evolution reaction Zn-air batteries

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