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Flexible Strain Sensors with Ultra‑High Sensitivity and Wide Range Enabled by Crack‑Modulated Electrical Pathways

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 246-264页

作者： Yunzhao bai Yunlei Zhou Xuanyu Wu Mengfei Yin Liting Yin Shiyuan Qu Fan Zhang Kan Li YongAn Huang State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Flexible Electronics Research Center Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Hangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian UniversityHangzhou 311200People’s Republic of China School of Mechano‑Electronic Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA

This study presents a breakthrough in flexible strain sensor technology with the development of an ultrahigh sensitivity and wide-range sensor,addressing the critical challenge of reconciling sensitivity with measurement *** by the structure of bamboo slips,we introduce a novel approach that utilises liquid metal to modulate the electrical pathways within a cracked platinum fabric *** resulting sensor demonstrates a gauge factor greater than 108 and a strain measurement capability exceeding 100%.The integration of patterned liquid metal enables customisable tuning of the sensor’s response,while the porous fabric structure ensures superior comfort and air permeability for the *** design not only optimises the sensor’s performance but also enhances the electrical stability that is essential for practical *** systematic investigation,we reveal the intrinsic mechanisms governing the sensor’s response,offering valuable insights for the design of wearable strain *** sensor’s exceptional performance across a spectrum of applications,from micro-strain to large-strain detection,highlights its potential for a wide range of real-world uses,demonstrating a significant advancement in the field of flexible electronics.

关键词： Flexible strain sensor Fabric Crack Response regulation Epidermal device

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New exploration on pathogenesis and early diagnosis of gestational diabetes

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 1-5页

作者： Hua bai Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityDuyun 558099Guizhou ProvinceChina

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)refers to varying degrees of abnormal glucose metabolism that occur during pregnancy and excludes patients pre-viously diagnosed with *** is a unique among the four subtypes of diabetes classified by the international World Health Organization *** GDM patients constitute a small proportion of the total number of diabetes cases,the incidence of GDM has risen significantly over the past decade,posing substantial risk to pregnant women and ***,it warrants considerable *** pathogenesis of GDM is generally considered to resemble that of type II diabetes,though it may have distinct *** blood biochemical proteins in the context of GDM can help elucidate its pathogenesis,thereby facilitating more effective prevention and management *** article reviews this critical clinical issue to enhance the medical community's sufficient understanding of GDM.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Pathogenesis Proteomics RBP4 ANGPTL8

A triple-band miniaturized end-fire antenna based on odd-mode spoof surface plasmonic polariton waveguide resonator

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： bai Yukun MAO Mengqun tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices， Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology， Ministry of Education， School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering， tianjin University of Technology

A triple-band miniaturized end-fire antenna based on the odd modes of spoof surface plasmonic polariton (SSPP) waveguide resonator is proposed in this paper. To meet the ever increasing demand for more communication channels and less antenna sizes， multi-band antennas are currently under intensive investigation. By a novel feeding method， three odd modes are excited on an SSPP waveguide resonator， which performs as an end-fire antenna operating at three bands， 7.15-7.26GHz， 11.6-12.2GHz and 13.5-13.64GHz. It exhibits reasonably high and stable maximum gains of 5.26， 7.97 and 10.1dBi and maximum efficiencies of 64%， 92% and 98% at the three bands， respectively. Moreover， in the second band the main beam angle shows a frequency dependence with a total scanning angle of 19°. The miniaturized triple-band antenna has a great potential to be applied in wireless communication systems， satellite communication and radar systems.

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Passive activity enhances residual control ability in patients with complete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2337-2347页

作者： Yanqing Xiao Mingming Gao Zejia He Jia Zheng Hongming bai Jia-Sheng Rao Guiyun Song Wei Song Xiaoguang Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Evaluation China Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijingChina Cardiac Center Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina The State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Engineering China Rehabilitation Science InstituteBeijingChina

Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury ***,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface *** this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord *** patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were *** electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity *** results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of *** the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically *** findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.

关键词： complete spinal cord injury cycle training epidural electrical stimulation motor training passive activity physiological state spinal cord circuit surface electromyography volitional control task

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The effects of selenization conditions on the microstructure and optoelectronic properties of CZTSSe absorber layers prepared by the sol-gel method

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： bai Xin XUE Yuming DAI Hongli WANG Luoxin bai Xinfeng HU Xiaofeng Institute of New Energy Intelligence Equipment， School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering， tianjin University of Technology

Cu2ZnSnSSe4（CZTSSe） thin film solar cells， with adjustable bandgap and rich elemental content， hold promise in next-gen photovoltaics. Crystalline quality is pivotal for efficient light absorption and carrier transport. During the post-selenization process， understanding crystal growth mechanisms， and improving layer quality are essential. We explored the effects of ramp rate and annealing temperature on CZTSSe films， using XRD， Raman， SEM， and UV-Vis. The optimal performance occurred at 25.25 ℃/min ramp rate and 530℃ annealing. This led to smoother surfaces， higher density， and larger grains. This condition produced a single-layer structure with large grains， no secondary phases， and a 1.14 eV bandgap， making it promising for photovoltaic applications. The study has highlighted the effect of selenization conditions on the characteristics of the CZTSSe absorber layer and has provided valuable information for developing CZTSSe thin film solar cells.

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Terahertz dual-beam leaky-wave antenna based on multi-mode spoof surface plasmon polariton waveguide

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： bai Yukun HAN Yuanqing tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices， Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology， Ministry of Education， School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering， tianjin University of Technology

In this paper， a terahertz dual-beam leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on a multi-mode spoof surface plasmon polariton (SSPP) waveguide is proposed. By dispersion engineering of the SSPP transmission line (SSPP TL)， multiple modes are excited on the SSPP TL. A dual-beam LWA is constructed based on the radiation from the first space harmonics of the guided fundamental mode and the first higher-order mode. The simulation results show that the antenna radiates frequency-dependent dual beams in the 1.9 ～ 2.6 THz operating frequency band. The average gains for the two beams are 12.9 dBi and 8.2 dBi， respectively. The compact dual-beam LWA is promising in the application of wireless communication and radar systems.

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Searching for new drugs to treat Alzheimer’s disease dementia through multiple pathways

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 22-28页

作者： Hua bai Xiao-Feng Feng Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityDuyun 558099Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Wulong Branch of the People's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing UniversityWulong 408500ChongqingChina Department of Neurology Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004Guizhou ProvinceChina

Dementia is a group of diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD),vascular dementia,Lewy body dementia,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson's disease dementia,metabolic dementia and toxic *** treatment of dementia mainly includes symptomatic treatment by controlling the primary disease and accompanying symptoms,nutritional support therapy for repairing nerve cells,psychological auxiliary treatment,and treatment that improves cognitive function through *** them,drug therapy to improve cognitive function is *** review focuses on introducing and commenting on some recent progress in exploring drugs to improve cognitive function,especially the new progress in drug treatment for *** mainly discuss the opportunities and challenges in finding and developing new therapeutic drugs from the aspects of acetylcholinesterase,N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor,amyloid protein,tau protein and chronic immune inflammation.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Dementia Cholinesterase inhibitor Beta amyloid Tau protein

Compact wideband filtering antenna based on SIW resonator

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： LIU Shaoshuai bai Yukun tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication Devices， Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Devices and Communication Technology， Ministry of Education， School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering， tianjin University of Technology

This paper proposes a novel wideband filtering antenna based on a double-mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) resonator. By etching butterfly-shaped slots on the upper surface of the SIW resonator， mixed modes based on TE110 and TE120 are introduced， which enhances the antenna's bandwidth. Additionally， the incorporation of a defected ground structure (DGS) suppresses out-of-band radiation and improves the overall filtering performance of the antenna. The final design achieves a center frequency of 2.41 GHz with an impedance bandwidth of 11.71%. Compared to other filtering antennas， the proposed antenna features a compact size， wide bandwidth， excellent filtering performance， and ease of integration， meeting the high-integration and miniaturization requirements in wireless communication systems.

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Improved model for defect detection in photovoltaic cells based on Yolov5

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： bai Xinfeng XUE Yuming DAI Hongli WANG Luoxin bai Xin HU Xiaofeng Institute of New Energy Intelligence Equipment， School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering， tianjin University of Technology

In order to meet the requirements of recognition speed and accuracy for complex photovoltaic (PV) cell defect detection tasks， this paper proposed an improvement strategy based on the Yolov5 network model. First， the model's ability to localize defects was enhanced by adding shallow feature inputs to strengthen the model's fusion of shallow feature information; second， the Squeeze-and-excitation (SE) attention mechanism was introduced to expand the receptive field and strengthen the dependency between feature channels; finally， a smoothing downsampling module was constructed to replace the convolutional sampling， which reduced the loss of information while retaining the important features. The experimental results show that the Yolov5 model based on this improved strategy achieved an average accuracy of 92.06% in the multiclassification defect detection task， and the average recognition speed reached 25.31 frames per second (FPS)， which took into account the requirements of performance and real-time performance， and can satisfy the needs of PV cell defect detection in industrial scenarios.

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