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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 468-483页

作者： Shuanghe Cao Bingyan Liu Daowen Wang Awais Rasheed Lina Xie xianchun xia Zhonghu He State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/National Wheat Improvement Center Institute of Crop SciencesBeijing 100081China College of Agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Achieving high yield and good quality in crops is essential for human food security and ***,there is usually disharmony between yield and *** storage protein(SSP)and starch,the predominant components in cereal grains,determine yield and quality,and their coupled synthesis causes a yield–quality ***,dissection of the underlying regulatory mechanism facilitates simultaneous improvement of yield and ***,we summarize current findings about the synergistic molecular machinery underpinning SSP and starch synthesis in the leading staple cereal crops,including maize,rice and *** further evaluate the functional conservation and differentiation of key regulators and specify feasible research approaches to identify additional regulators and expand *** also present major strategies to leverage resultant information for simultaneous improvement of yield and quality by molecular ***,future perspectives on major challenges are proposed.

关键词： cereal crops grain yield and quality seed storage protein starch synergistic regulation

Characterization of a 4.1 Mb inversion harboring the stripe rust resistance gene YR86 on wheat chromosome 2AL

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1168-1175页

作者： Qiang Cao Zhanwang Zhu Dengan Xu Jianhui Wu xiaowan Xu Yan Dong Yingjie Bian Fugong Ding Dehui Zhao Yang Tu Ling Wu Dejun Han Caixia Lan xianchun xia Zhonghu He Yuanfeng Hao College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China Food Crops Institute Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Wheat Disease Biology Research Station for Central ChinaWuhan 430064HubeiChina Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066SichuanChina Hubei Hongshan Laboratory College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina CIMMYT-China Office C/O CAASBeijing 100081China

Wheat cultivar Zhongmai 895 was earlier found to carry YR86 in an 11.6 Mb recombination-suppressed region on chromosome 2AL when crossed with Yangmai *** fine-map the YR86 locus,we developed two large F2 populations from crosses Emai 580/Zhongmai 895 and Avocet S/Zhongmai ***,both populations exhibited suppressed recombination in the same 2AL *** analysis across Chinese Spring,Aikang 58,and 10+wheat genomes revealed a 4.1 Mb chromosomal inversion spanning 708.5-712.6 Mb in the Chinese Spring reference *** markers were developed in the breakpoint and were used to assess a wheat cultivar panel,revealing that Chinese Spring,Zhongmai 895,and Jimai 22 shared a common sequence named InvCS,whereas Aikang 58,Yangmai 16,Emai 580,and Avocet S shared the sequence named *** inverted configuration explained the suppressed recombination observed in all three bi-parental *** recombination was observed in a Jimai 22/Zhongmai 895 F2 population,facilitating mapping of YR86 to a genetic interval of 0.15 cM corresponding to 710.27-712.56 Mb falling within the inverted ***-three high-confidence genes were annotated in the interval using the Chinese Spring reference genome,with six identified as potential candidates for YR86 based on genome and transcriptome *** results will accelerate map-based cloning of YR86 and its deployment in wheat breeding.

关键词： Adult-plant resistance Chromosomal inversion Puccinia striiformis Triticum aestivum

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陇东旱地冬小麦品种抗旱性鉴定

寒旱农业科学 2024年第6期3卷 522-526页

作者：杨虓刘自成夏先春陇东学院农业与生物工程学院甘肃庆阳745000 甘肃省旱地冬小麦种质创新与应用工程研究中心甘肃庆阳745000 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所北京100081

为研究陇东特殊干旱气候条件下抗旱育种的进展与现状,选取近20 a陇东旱地选育的14个冬小麦新品种(系)为材料,以籽粒产量抗旱指数等为全生育期抗旱性鉴定指标,在旱棚进行全生育期干旱胁迫试验。结果表明,陇育4号和宁麦5号抗旱指数在1.100... 详细信息

为研究陇东特殊干旱气候条件下抗旱育种的进展与现状,选取近20 a陇东旱地选育的14个冬小麦新品种(系)为材料,以籽粒产量抗旱指数等为全生育期抗旱性鉴定指标,在旱棚进行全生育期干旱胁迫试验。结果表明,陇育4号和宁麦5号抗旱指数在1.100~1.299范围内,抗旱级别为2级;陇育7号和陇鉴387抗旱指数在0.700~0.899范围内,抗旱级别为4级;其余10个材料抗旱指数在0.900~1.099范围内,抗旱级别为3级。抗旱性级别在2~3级的材料占85.7%。产量性状主因子分析发现,抗旱级别为2级的陇育4号和宁麦5号,在干旱胁迫下有效穗数、穗粒数和千粒重无明显变化;抗旱级别为4级的陇育7号和陇鉴387,在干旱胁迫下有效穗数、穗粒数和千粒重均减幅较大;抗旱级别为3级的其余10个材料在干旱条件下,其产量性状三要素有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重中只有一项发生变化,没有两项叠加变化。

关键词：陇东旱地冬小麦抗旱性抗旱指数产量因子

Development of image-based wheat spike counter through a Faster R-CNN algorithm and application for genetic studies

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1303-1311页

作者： Lei Li Muhammad Adeel Hassan Shurong Yang Furong Jing Mengjiao Yang Awais Rasheed Jiankang Wang xianchun xia Zhonghu He Yonggui xiao Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement CentreChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China Electronic Information School Foshan PolytechnicFoshan 528137GuangdongChina International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre(CIMMYT)China Office c/o CAASBeijing 100081China Department of Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan

Spike number(SN) per unit area is one of the major determinants of grain yield in wheat. Development of high-throughput techniques to count SN from large populations enables rapid and cost-effective selection and facilitates genetic studies. In the present study, we used a deep-learning algorithm, i.e., Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks(Faster R-CNN) on Red-Green-Blue(RGB) images to explore the possibility of image-based detection of SN and its application to identify the loci underlying SN. A doubled haploid population of 101 lines derived from the Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 cross was grown at two sites for SN phenotyping and genotyped using the high-density wheat 660 K SNP *** of manual spike number(MSN) in the field, image-based spike number(ISN), and verification of spike number(VSN) by Faster R-CNN revealed significant variation(P < 0.001) among genotypes, with high heritability ranged from 0.71 to 0.96. The coefficients of determination(R^(2)) between ISN and VSN was 0.83, which was higher than that between ISN and MSN(R^(2)= 0.51), and between VSN and MSN(R^(2)= 0.50). Results showed that VSN data can effectively predict wheat spikes with an average accuracy of 86.7% when validated using MSN data. Three QTL ***-4 DS, ***-7 DS, and ***-7 DL were identified based on MSN, ISN and VSN data, while ***-7 DS was detected in all the three data sets. These results indicate that using Faster R-CNN model for image-based identification of SN per unit area is a precise and rapid phenotyping method, which can be used for genetic studies of SN in wheat.

关键词： Deeping learning High-throughput phenotyping QTL mapping RGB imaging

QTL mapping for pre-harvest sprouting in a recombinant inbred line population of elite wheat varieties Zhongmai 578 and Jimai 22

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The Crop Journal 2023年第3期11卷 863-869页

作者： Rabiu Sani Shawai Dan Liu Lingli Li Tiantian Chen Ming Li Shuanghe Cao xianchun xia Jindong Liu Zhonghu He Yong Zhang Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement CenterChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Crop Science Faculty of Agriculture and Agricultural TechnologyKano University of Science and Technology WudilKano 713281Nigeria International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) China Officec/o CAASBeijing 100081China

Pre-harvest sprouting(PHS)is one of the serious global issues in wheat *** of quantitative trait loci(QTL)and closely-linked markers is greatly helpful for wheat *** the present study,a recombinant inbred line(RIL)population derived from the cross of Zhongmai 578(ZM578)/Jimai 22(JM22)and parents were phenotyped in five environments and genotyped by the wheat 50 K single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)*** QTL of germination index(GI),***-3A and ***-5A,were detected,explaining 4.33%–5.58%and 4.43%–8.02%of the phenotypic variances,*** resistant effect of ***-3A was contributed by JM22,whereas that of ***.5A was from *** two QTL did not correspond to any previously identified genes or genetic loci for PHSrelated traits according to their locations in the Chinese Spring reference genome,indicating that they are likely to be new loci for PHS *** kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)markers K_AX-109605367and K_AX-179559687 flanking ***-3A,and K_AX-111258240 and K_AX-109402944flanking ***-5A,were developed and validated in a natural population of 100 wheat *** distribution frequency of resistance alleles at ***-3A and ***-5A loci were 82.7%and57.1%,respectively,in the natural *** findings provide new QTL and tightly linked KASP markers for improvement of PHS resistance in wheat.

关键词： Pre-harvest sprouting Germination index Quantitative trait loci KASP marker Triticum aestivum L.

Identification and validation of stable quantitative trait loci for yield component traits in wheat

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The Crop Journal 2023年第2期11卷 558-563页

作者： Lingli Li Yingjie Bian Yan Dong Jie Song Dan Liu Jianqi Zeng Fengju Wang Yong Zhang Zhonghu He xianchun xia Yan Zhang Shuanghe Cao Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement CenterChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office Beijing 100081China

Grain weight and grain number are important yield component traits in wheat and identification of underlying genetic loci is helpful for improving ***,we identified eight stable quantitative trait loci(QTL)for yield component traits,including five loci for thousand grain weight(TGW)and three for grain number per spike(GNS)in a recombinant inbred line population derived from cross Yangxiaomai/Zhongyou 9507 across four *** grain size is a major determinant of grain weight,we also mapped QTL for grain length(GL)and grain width(GW).***-2D,***-3B,***-5A and ***-7A.2 for TGW co-located with those for grain ***-2D also had a consistent genetic position with ***-2D,suggesting that the pleiotropic locus is a modulator of trade-off effect between TGW and *** and linkage mapping showed that TaGL3-5A and WAPO-A1 were candidate genes of ***-5A and ***-7A.2,*** developed Kompetitive allele specific PCR(KASP)markers linked with the stable QTL for yield component traits and validated their genetic effects in a diverse panel of wheat cultivars from the Huang-Huai River Valley ***-based genotyping analysis further revealed that the superior alleles of all stable QTL for TGW but not GNS were subject to positive selection,indicating that yield improvement in the region largely depends on increased *** analyses with previous studies showed that most of the QTL could be detected in different genetic backgrounds,and ***-7A.1 is likely a new *** findings provide not only valuable genetic information for yield improvement but also useful tools for marker-assisted selection.

关键词： Grain number per spike KASP marker QTL mapping Thousand grain weight Triticum aestivum

国内外153份小麦种质条锈病抗性鉴定与评价

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中国农业科学 2024年第1期57卷 18-33页

作者：周警卫叶博伟张朋飞张宇庆郝敏尹毓若袁婵李志康李顺达夏先春何中虎张宏军兰彩霞华中农业大学植物科学技术学院/湖北洪山实验室湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家小麦改良中心

【目的】条锈病是威胁小麦安全生产的重要真菌病害，了解国内外育种材料抗性水平和抗病基因的分布，发掘新的抗性资源，为提高抗病基因利用效率提供依据。【方法】利用中国当前条锈菌优势生理小种CYR33和CYR34对153份国内外小麦育种材... 详细信息

【目的】条锈病是威胁小麦安全生产的重要真菌病害，了解国内外育种材料抗性水平和抗病基因的分布，发掘新的抗性资源，为提高抗病基因利用效率提供依据。【方法】利用中国当前条锈菌优势生理小种CYR33和CYR34对153份国内外小麦育种材料进行苗期抗性鉴定，于2018—2019、2019—2020和2020—2021年，在湖北鄂州，利用这两个小种对供试材料进行成株期抗性鉴定；结合已知抗性基因Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr17、Yr18、Yr26、Yr29和YrSP等功能标记或紧密连锁分子标记进行基因型检测。【结果】苗期结果显示，10份材料对CYR33表现免疫（反应型IT为0），包括7份国内材料（即山农28、漯麦163、石麦13、中意6号、郯麦98-2、中麦175和泰山21）和3份国际玉米小麦改良中心（CIMMYT）材料（CIM-53、CIM-60和CIM-71）；仅2份国内材料在苗期对CYR34小种表现免疫（郯麦98-1和山农102）。此外，成株期条锈病田间鉴定显示，64份材料在田间3年均表现出稳定抗性（最终严重度≤5%），包括7份国内材料和57份CIMMYT材料。利用抗病基因功能标记或紧密连锁分子标记检测显示，153份材料中携带Yr9、Yr10、Yr17、Yr18、Yr26、Yr29和YrSP抗性基因的材料分别有31、23、73、2、4、50和2份，未检测到含有Yr5和Yr15的材料。综合苗期和成株期表型，仅CIM-53对2个生理小种在苗期和成株期均表现为免疫（IT=0，严重度为0），分子标记检测显示，该材料可能含有已知抗病基因Yr17和Yr29。【结论】国内外153份小麦种质对当前条锈菌流行生理小种的抗性主要以成株抗性为主，其中国内小麦品种主要携带Yr9、Yr10和Yr26抗性基因，而CIMMYT小麦品系则携带Yr17、Yr18和Yr29为主，表明通过聚合1—2个非免疫苗期抗性基因和2—3个成株抗性基因，在成株期多个环境条件下均表现出近免疫抗性水平，是CIMMYT小麦品系保持持久抗性的主要原因。亟待广泛挖掘抗源，发掘新的抗病基因，充分利用现代生物技术手段快速培育具有持久抗性且农艺性状优良的小麦新品种，进一步提高中国麦区条锈病整体抗性水平。

关键词：小麦条锈病苗期抗性成株抗性抗病基因分子标记抗病性鉴定

In silico curation of QTL-rich clusters and candidate gene identification for plant height of bread wheat

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1480-1490页

作者： Dengan Xu Chenfei Jia Xinru Lyu Tingzhi Yang Huimin Qin Yalin Wang Qianlin Hao Wenxing Liu Xuehuan Dai Jianbin Zeng Hongsheng Zhang xianchun xia Zhonghu He Shuanghe Cao Wujun Ma College of Agronomy Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109ShandongChina National Wheat Improvement Center Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Many genetic loci for wheat plant height(PH) have been reported, and 26 dwarfing genes have been catalogued. To identify major and stable genetic loci for PH, here we thoroughly summarized these functionally or genetic verified dwarfing loci from QTL linkage analysis and genome-wide association study published from 2003 to 2022. A total of 332 QTL, 270 GWAS loci and 83 genes for PH were integrated onto chromosomes according to their locations in the IWGSC RefSeq v2.1 and 65 QTL-rich clusters(QRC) were defined. Candidate genes in each QRC were predicted based on IWGSC Annotation v2.1 and the information on functional validation of homologous genes in other species. A total of 38 candidate genes were predicted for 65 QRC including three GA2ox genes in QRC-4B-IV, QRC-5A-VIII and QRC-6A-II(Rht24) as well as GA 20-oxidase 2(TaSD1-3A) in QRC-3A-IV. These outcomes lay concrete foundations for mapbased cloning of wheat dwarfing genes and application in breeding.

关键词： QTL-rich clusters Plant height Semi-dwarfism Reduced height genes Candidate genes

QTL mapping of adult plant resistance to stripe rust and leaf rust in a Fuyu 3/Zhengzhou 5389 wheat population

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The Crop Journal 2020年第4期8卷 655-665页

作者： Takele Weldu Gebrewahid Peipei Zhang Yue Zhou xiaocui Yan xianchun xia Zhonghu He Daqun Liu Zaifeng Li Department of Plant Pathology College of Plant ProtectionHebei Agricultural UniversityBiological Control Center for Plant Diseases and Plant Pests of HebeiBaoding 071001HebeiChina College of Agriculture Aksum University-Shire CampusTigrayEthiopia Baoding University Baoding 071001HebeiChina Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement CenterChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)China Office c/o CAASBeijing 100081China

Stripe or yellow rust(YR)and leaf rust(LR)cause large losses in wheat production *** cultivars curtail the levels of *** present study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci(QTL)for YR and LR resistance in 147 F2:6 recombinant inbred lines(RIL)derived from the cross Fuyu 3/Zhengzhou *** RIL population and parents were genotyped with the Wheat55 K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array and simple sequence repeat(SSR)*** materials were also phenotyped for YR severity at Mianyang in Sichuan province and Baoding in Hebei province in the 2015/2016,2016/2017,and 2017/2018 cropping seasons,and LR severity at Zhoukou in Henan province and at Baoding in 2017/*** QTL for YR resistance and five for LR resistance were detected using inclusive composite interval mapping(Ici Mapping).Four of these QTL on chromosomes 1 BL,2 BS,3 AL,and 5 AL conferred resistance to both YR and *** QTL on 1 BL was Lr46/Yr29,and that on 7 BL might be *** QTL on chromosome 2 BS was detected at a similar position to previously detected ***-3 AL/***-3 AL,***-5 AL/***-5 AL,***-7 DL,***-4 BS,***-6 DL,and ***-2 AS are likely to be *** SSR marker for ***-7 DL was developed and validated in a diverse wheat panel from China,suggesting effectiveness in different genetic *** QTL with closely linked SNP and SSR markers could be useful for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding programs targeting durable resistance to both diseases.

关键词： mapping wheat breeding

QTL mapping of starch granule size in common wheat using recombinant inbred lines derived from a PH82-2/Neixiang188 cross

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The Crop Journal 2013年第2期1卷 166-171页

作者： Nan Feng Zhonghu He Yong Zhang xianchun xia Yan Zhang Institute of Crop Science National Wheat Improvement Center/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China Office c/o CAAS

Starch is a crucial component determining the processing quality of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-based products. Wheat starch generally contains A-type and B-type starch granules, having different effects on starch properties and end-use qualities. In the present study, 240 recombinant inbred lines(RILs) derived from a PH82-2/Neixiang 188 cross were grown in Anyang, Henan, China, during three cropping seasons. A-type and B-type granule contents were determined using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer, defined as the percentage of total starch volume. A total of 195 SSR and STS markers were used to construct a genetic map. QTL analysis was performed by composite interval mapping. Three QTL for A-type starch granule content were mapped on chromosomes 1DL, 7BL and 4AL, explaining5.6%, 5.2% and 3.8% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. These results provide useful information for improving starch quality in common wheat.

关键词： Triticum aestivum QTL Starch granule size distribution A-type starch granule B-type starch granule