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Insights into spinal muscular atrophy from molecular biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1849-1863页

作者： Xiaodong Xing Xinzhu Liu xiandeng Li Mi Li xian wu Xiaohui Huang Ajing Xu Yan Liu Jian Zhang Department of Clinical Pharmacy Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina College of Pharmacy Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Spinal muscular atrophy is a devastating motor neuron disease characterized by severe cases of fatal muscle *** is one of the most common genetic causes of mortality among infants aged less than 2 *** research is currently receiving more attention,and new candidate biomarkers are constantly being *** review initially discusses the evaluation methods commonly used in clinical practice while briefly outlining their respective pros and *** also describe recent advancements in research and the clinical significance of molecular biomarkers for spinal muscular atrophy,which are classified as either specific or non-specific *** review provides new insights into the pathogenesis of spinal muscular atrophy,the mechanism of biomarkers in response to drug-modified therapies,the selection of biomarker candidates,and would promote the development of future ***,the successful utilization of biomarkers may facilitate the implementation of gene-targeting treatments for patients with spinal muscular atrophy.

关键词： biomarkers disease progression gene-targeting therapy neurofilaments Nusinersen spinal muscular atrophy(SMA) survival motor neuron therapeutic evaluation treatment outcomes

Highly mass activity electrocatalysts with ultralow Pt loading on carbon black for hydrogen evolution reaction

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 182-190页

作者： Shaorou Ke Yajing Zhao Xin Min Yanghong Li Ruiyu Mi Yangai Liu Xiaowen wu Minghao fang Zhaohui Huang Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid WastersNational Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and TechnologyChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Pt-based nanocatalysts offer excellent prospects for various ***,the low loading of Pt with excellent performance for efficient and stable nanocatalysts still presents a considerable *** this study,nanocatalysts with ultralow Pt content,excellent performance,and carbon black as support were prepared through in-situ ***~2-nm particles uniformly and stably dispersed on carbon black because of the strong s-p-d orbital hybridizations between carbon black and Pt,which suppressed the agglomeration of Pt *** unique structure is beneficial for the hydrogen evolution *** catalysts exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction,exhibiting a potential of 100 mV at 100 mA·cm^(-2),which is comparable to those of commercial Pt/C *** activity(1.61 A/mg)was four times that of a commercial Pt/C catalyst(0.37 A/mg).The ultralow Pt loading(6.84wt%)paves the way for the development of next-generation electrocatalysts.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction ultralow platinum in-situ synthesis ultrasound

Inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia decreases neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2955-2968页

作者： Wei Zhang Yubao Lu Ruoqi Shen Yingjie wu Chenrui Liu Xingxing fang Liangming Zhang Bin Liu Limin Rong Department of Spine Surgery The Third Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Cell Products GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Microglia,the resident monocyte of the central nervous system,play a crucial role in the response to spinal cord ***,the precise mechanism remains *** investigate the molecular mechanisms by which microglia regulate the neuroinflammatory response to spinal cord injury,we performed single-cell RNA sequencing dataset analysis,focusing on changes in microglial *** found that the MG1 subpopulation emerged in the acute/subacute phase of spinal cord injury and expressed genes related to cell pyroptosis,sphingomyelin metabolism,and neuroinflammation at high ***,we established a mouse model of contusive injury and performed intrathecal injection of siRNA and molecular inhibitors to validate the role of ceramide synthase 5 in the neuroinflammatory responses and pyroptosis after spinal cord ***,we established a PC12-BV2 cell co-culture system and found that ceramide synthase 5 and pyroptosis-associated proteins were highly expressed to induce the apoptosis of neuron *** ceramide synthase 5 expression in a mouse model of spinal cord injury effectively reduced ***,ceramide synthase 5-induced pyroptosis was dependent on activation of the NLRP3 signaling *** ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia in vivo reduced neuronal apoptosis and promoted recovery of neurological ***2g7 formed a“bridge”between sphingolipid metabolism and ceramide synthase 5-mediated cell death by inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling ***,these findings suggest that inhibiting ceramide synthase 5 expression in microglia after spinal cord injury effectively suppressed microglial pyroptosis mediated by NLRP3,thereby exerting neuroprotective effects.

关键词： ceramide synthase 5 gasdermin D microglia neuroinflammation NLRP3 nuclear factor kappa B Pla2g7 pyroptosis sphingomyelin metabolism spinal cord injury

Modeling tactile perceived intensity for vibration from a coin eccentric rotating mass motor

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Yun fang Jingchen HUANG Yujun wu Jiaqi DONG Weichao GUO Xinjun SHENG State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Establishing the relationship between vibrotactile parameters and perceived intensity（PI） is of great significance in the regulation of desired sensations, which contribute to haptic interfaces in practical applications. Coin eccentric rotating mass（ERM） motors are routinely utilized due to their lightweight design and efficient ability to evoke strong tactile sensations. By adjusting input voltages, ERMs can yield different stimuli, but the effects of their physical properties on PI remain ***, we developed the physical model of the ERM-skin system and optimized the parameters affecting PI. Moreover, the relationship between stimulus and perception was derived based on Fechner?s law. Three experiments were conducted on fifteen subjects（ten males and five females, aged 24.40 ± 2.87 years） to identify the vibration parameters and corresponding PI to verify the proposed PI model. ERMs in this study were attached to phantom skin/forearm with slim adhesive tape to minimize the interference. Experiment 1 performed vibration calibration with ERM attached to the skin phantom to simulate the actual configuration. Then, the relative and absolute PI of subjects on specific stimuli were acquired in Experiments 2 and *** fitting reliability of the proposed PI model was evaluated on fifteen subjects with R2of 0.73 ± 0.07 and root mean squared error（RMSE） of 1.35 ± 0.28. Overall, the proposed PI model established the quantitative relationship between stimulus parameters（vibration parameters and physical parameters） and subjective PI, which provided theoretical support for ERM optimization and vibrotactile modulation.

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商洛地区白术根腐病发生条件调查及综防技术研究

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中国植保导刊 2008年第9期28卷 33-34页

作者：朱小强杨海龙方宪武陕西商洛学院陕西商洛726000 商州区农技中心 726000 柞水县植保植检站 711400

白术是菊科多年生草本植物，为常用中药材。其以根供药用，具有补脾健胃、燥湿利尿、安胎、止汗等功效。为商洛地区生产的主要中药材，全市种植面积274hm^2。但是，白术根腐病发生严重，一直是生产上难以解决的问题。据调查，自术根腐... 详细信息

白术是菊科多年生草本植物，为常用中药材。其以根供药用，具有补脾健胃、燥湿利尿、安胎、止汗等功效。为商洛地区生产的主要中药材，全市种植面积274hm^2。但是，白术根腐病发生严重，一直是生产上难以解决的问题。据调查，自术根腐病常年发生面积占种植面积的25％以上，且为害程度呈上升趋势。为害轻的减产20％左右，重的减产达50％～80％。白术受害后完全失去商品价值，药农损失巨大。为明确该病的发生条件及综合防治技术，笔者进行了调查和试验研究。

关键词：发生条件商洛地区根腐病白术综防技术多年生草本植物综合防治技术种植面积

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals ZEB1-mediated regulation in microglial subtypes and the impact of exercise on neuroinflammatory responses

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第2期10卷 55-64页

作者： Jin-fang wu Yi-Sheng Chen Yu-Chun Xie Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Jiangsu Province Geriatric HospitalNanjing 210024China Fujian Key Laboratory of Toxicant and Drug Toxicology Medical CollegeNingde Normal UniversityNingde 352100China Central Laboratory Jiangsu Province Geriatric HospitalNanjing 210024China

Background:This study aims to identify distinct cellular subtypes within brain tissue using single-cell transcriptomic analysis,focusing on specific biomarkers that differentiate cell types and the effects of traditional and exercise ***:Four samples were analyzed:older control(OC),older exercise(OE),younger control(YC),and younger exercise(YE).Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to distinguish cellular subtypes through their biomarker *** visualization included violin and t-SNE plots to illustrate biomarker expression across cell clusters such as oligodendrocytes,microglia,and ***,BV2 cells were exposed to amyloid-beta fragments to simulate Alzheimer’s disease,assessing the impact of exercise-induced cellular ***:Distinct cellular subtypes were identified:oligodendrocytes(MBP,St18),microglia(Dock8),and astrocytes(Aqp4,Gpc5).Sample OE was predominantly oligodendrocytes,while YE had more astrocytes,inhibitory neurons,and Canal-Retzius *** showed a significant presence of Olfm3+ganglion ***1 gene knockout revealed changes in SMAD family gene expression,which regulate *** stress levels were also ***:This profiling enhances our understanding of brain cellular functions and interactions,potentially informing targeted therapies in neurological *** may influence brain cell immune responses and cell death pathways by regulating specific gene expressions,offering new insights for treating neuroinflammation and degeneration.

关键词： single-cell transcriptomics brain tissue cellular subtypes biomarker expression neuronal diversity

The low-latitude sodium layer:comparative data from lidar observations at Hainan,China and São Paulo,Brazil

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 39-53页

作者： fang wu Jing Jiao GuoTao Yang Lifang Du ZhengKuan Liu HaoRan Zheng JiXin Guo ShaoHua Gong YaJun Zhu State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Hainan National Field Science Observation and Research Observatory for Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather NSSC/INPESão Josédos Campos 12227-010Brazil School of Physics and Electronics Engineering Hainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

Physical and chemical processes observed in the mesosphere and thermosphere above the Earth’s low latitudes are complex and highly interrelated to activity in the low-latitude *** sodium detected by lidar can yield clues to dynamic and chemical processes in these spatial layers above the Earth’s *** paper is based on sodium layer data collected at two low-latitude stations,one in the northern hemisphere and one in the *** low-latitude sodium layer exhibits conspicuous seasonal variations in shape,density,and altitude;these variations are similar between Earth’s hemispheres:sodium layer density at both stations reaches its seasonal maximum in autumn and minimum in ***,maximal Na density over Brazil is greater than that over *** variations of Na density above the two low-latitude stations are also similar;at both,maxima are observed before *** variations of the Na layer over Brazil that differ from those observed in the northern hemisphere may be related to the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly(SAMA)or fountain *** suggest that low-latitude Na layer data may provide useful additional evidence that could significantly improve the low-latitude part of the WACCM-Na model.

关键词： metallic sodium layer seasonal variation nocturnal variation lidar

Double [5]carbohelicene: facile synthesis, chiroptical properties,isomerization study, and lasing application

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 233-240页

作者： Peipei Liu Yantong Li Meng-xiang wu Hao Kang Xiao-Li Zhao Lin Xu Linlin Liu Xiaodong Li Junfeng fang Zhiwei fang Ya Cheng Hai-Bo Yang Huakang Yu Xueliang Shi State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular & Process Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of Technology Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices South China University of Technology School of Physics and Electronic Science Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument Ministry of EducationEast China Normal University State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physics and Electronic Science East China Normal University

Double carbohelicenes have attracted considerable attention due to their aesthetic structures, distinct π-conjugation extension, inherent chirality, and intriguing optical and electronic properties. Herein, the concise de novo synthesis of a new double[5]carbohelicene 1 together with its chiroptical properties, isomerization process and lasing application is presented. 1 was synthesized by a simple protocol involving the formation of a 6,6′-bipentacene as the key intermediate. It is worth noting that1 existed as two diastereomers 1-PP/MM and 1-PM, which were successfully isolated and unambiguously confirmed by Xray crystallography. The optical resolution of the racemic 1-PP/MM was successfully achieved by chiral-phase highperformance liquid chromatography（HPLC）, and 1-PP and 1-MM were characterized by circular dichroism. Interestingly, it was found that 1-PP/MM could be completely isomerized to 1-PM upon heating, and the detailed thermodynamics and kinetics of the isomerization process were systematically investigated. 1-PM exhibited deep-red luminescence with emission maximum at 723 nm and fluorescence quantum yield as high as 32.95%. Consequently, we can showcase the lasing application of 1-PM by doping with epoxy resin to assemble a bottle microlaser spontaneously, which the lasing wavelength is 796.6 nm at a threshold of 0.8 m J cm-2. We believe that our studies, including the facile synthesis methodology, detailed isomerization studies, and lasing application, will shed some light on the design and synthesis of novel carbohelical systems with more functions.

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基于随机Petri网的乘积形式解存在的一个充分条件

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系统仿真学报 2003年第z1期15卷 32-34,55页

作者：方贤文吴哲辉倪丽娜山东科技大学信息学院泰安271019

目前,判定一类随机Petri网(SPN)是否具有乘积形式解还没有比较好的方法。在这篇文章里给出了一个基于随机Petri网的乘积形式解存在的判定定理,它对于判定一些SPN模型是非常有用的。利用这个定理,可以发现两部件自动组装生产线模型具有... 详细信息

目前,判定一类随机Petri网(SPN)是否具有乘积形式解还没有比较好的方法。在这篇文章里给出了一个基于随机Petri网的乘积形式解存在的判定定理,它对于判定一些SPN模型是非常有用的。利用这个定理,可以发现两部件自动组装生产线模型具有乘积形式解,然后画出该模型的状态空间图,根据局部平衡方程,就可以得到此模型任意状态的稳定概率。

关键词：随机Petri网乘积形式解连续时间马尔可夫链稳定概率