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Critical role of immunogenic cell death in cancer therapy

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Science Bulletin 2017年第21期62卷 1427-1429页

作者： tian xia division of nanomedicine department of medicineuniversity of california los angelesCA 90095USA center for environmental implications of nanotechnology(cein) california nano systems institute(cnsi)university of californiaCA 90095USA state key laboratory of environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology research center for eco-environmental scienceschinese academy of sciencesBejing 100085China

In traditional cancer therapy, including chemo and radiation therapy, the goal is always to kill as much cancer cells as possible. However, the truth is that it is difficult to kill 100% of the cancer cells for these therapies and the remaining cells often leads to relapse. So the million-dollar question is, how to eliminate the majority of the remaining cancer cells so that the disease can be manageable in a clinical setting. Currently the best approach that is attracting much attention is cancer immune therapy and excit- ing developments in this field have led to cure in some cases that is unimaginable before [1]. There are two major parts to cancer immune therapy that need to work together to make the therapy successful. One is on the reversal of immune suppressive microen- vironment in cancer to allow the immune cells to target the tumor.

关键词： Critical role of immunogenic cell death cancer therapy

New insights into disruption of iron homeostasis by environmental pollutants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第8期27卷 256-258页

作者： xiang Wang tian xia Department of Medicine Division of Nano Medicine University of California California Nano Systems Institute University of California

Among the numerous health conditions environmental pollutants can cause, chronic exposure to pollutants including persistent organic pollutants（POPs） and heavy metals has been shown to disturb a specific biological homeostatic process, the iron metabolism in human body. Disorders of iron metabolism are among the common diseases of humans and encompass a broad spectrum of diseases with different clinical manifestations, ranging from anemia to iron overload, and possibly to neurodegenerative diseases and ***–ferroportin（FPN） signaling is one of the key mechanisms responsible for iron supply, utilization, recycling, and storage, and recent studies demonstrated that exposure to environmental pollutants including POPs and heavy metals could lead to disruption of the hepcidin–FPN axis along with disordered systemic iron homeostasis and diseases. This article introduces and highlights the accompanying review article by Drs. Xu and Liu in this journal, which elaborates in detail the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on iron metabolism, and the mechanisms responsible for these toxicological outcomes. It also points out the knowledge gaps still existing in this subject matter. Research that will fill these gaps will improve our understanding of the issue and provide useful information to prevent or treat diseases induced by environmental pollutants.

关键词： Environmental pollution Persistent organic pollutants Heavy metals Iron homeostasis Hepcidin Ferroportin

Potential sediment sources identification of debris flows in the Jiangjia Gully,China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第7期18卷 1886-1901页

作者： tian xia-fei LI Yong tian Quan-yan Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Process Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China

It is of great significance for gully prevention and management to identify the potential sediment source of debris *** flow in a gully always originates from tributaries that have different gravity potential energies and sediment *** this study,tributaries of the Jiangjia Gully(JJG) in Yunnan province,China,are taken as the study area to determine the possible sediment sources of debris *** was found that tributaries with a high evolution index(EI,the integral of the hypsometric curve) always had high gravity potential energy,which favors the occurrence of landslide ***,the relationship between sediment distribution,gravity potential energy,and EI is compared,*** results showed that the EI had a greater influence on the occurrence of landslides,and sediments were concentrated in tributaries with EI between 0.5 and ***,tributaries with EI > 0.5 were identified as the sediment sources of debris *** addition,the shape of a tributary was related to EI and can reflect the condition of water and sediment storage.

关键词： Hypsometric curve Evolution division Gravity potential energy curve Landslides Identification Debris flow

Rate of strong consistency of the maximum quasi-likelihood estimator in quasi-likelihood nonlinear models

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2008年第4期23卷 391-400页

作者： xia tian KONG Fan-chao Dept. of Statist. Yunnan Univ. Kunming 650091 China Dept. of Math. Anhui Univ Hefei 230039 China

Quasi-likelihood nonlinear models （QLNM） include generalized linear models as a special case. Under some regularity conditions, the rate of the strong consistency of the maximum quasi-likelihood estimation （MQLE） is obtained in QLNM. In an important case, this rate is O（n-^1/2（loglogn）^1/2）, which is just the rate of LIL of partial sums for i.i.d variables, and thus cannot be improved anymore.

关键词： maximum quasi-likelihood estimator quasi-likelihood nonlinear models strong consistency

Phase Separation, Wetting and Dewetting in PS/PVME Blend Thin Films:Dependence on Film Thickness and Composition Ratio

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第9期36卷 1084-1092页

作者： tian xia Ya-Ping Qin Ting Huang College of Material Science and Engineering Chongqing University of Technology

The effects of film thickness and composition ratio on the morphology evolution of polystyrene （PS）/poly（vinyl methyl ether）（PVME） blend thin films were investigated. Diverse morphology evolutions including droplet-matrix structure, hole emergence, bicontinuous structure formation, percolation-to-droplet transition could be observed under annealing in two-phase region, depending on film thickness and composition ratio. The mechanism for these morphology variations was related to the complex effects of phase separation, dewetting and preferential wetting. The comparison between the thickness of bottom PVME layer and the twice of gyration radius 2Rg（PVME） played a dominant role in morphology control. Only when the PS/PVME film had specific film thickness and compositional symmetry, phase separation and dewetting could happen in sequence.

关键词： Phase separation Dewetting Wetting

A new method for modeling thermo-mechanical behaviors of polycrystalline aggregates

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第11期55卷 2143-2151页

作者： tian xia CUI JunZhi LI BoWen College of Mechanics and Materials HoHai UniversityNanjing 210098China LSEC ICMSECAcademy of Mathematics and System SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

We present in this paper a numerical algorithm that couples the atomistic and continuum models for the thermal-mechanical coupled problem of polycrystalline *** key point is that the conservation laws should be satisfied for both the atomistic and continuum models at the *** with the traditional methods which construct the constitutive equations of the grain interiors and grain boundaries by continuum mechanics,our model calculates the continuum fluxes through molecular dynamics simulations,provided that the atomistic simulations are consistent with the local microstate of the *** the grain interiors without defects,central schemes are available for solving the conservation laws and the constitutive parameters can be obtained via molecular dynamics *** the grain boundary structures,the front tracking method is employed because the solutions of the conservation equations are discontinuous near the ***,appropriate control volumes are chosen at both sides of the interface,then the finite volume method is applied to solve the continuum equations in each control *** near both sides of the interface are calculated via atomistic ***,all thermo-mechanical information can be obtained.

关键词： polycrystalline aggregates molecular dynamics simulation continuum model thermo-mechanical coupled

A dynamical neural network approach for distributionally robust chance-constrained Markov decision process

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第6期67卷 1395-1418页

作者： tian xia Jia Liu Zhiping Chen School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

In this paper,we study the distributionally robust joint chance-constrained Markov decision *** the logarithmic transformation technique,we derive its deterministic reformulation with bi-convex terms under the moment-based uncertainty *** cope with the non-convexity and improve the robustness of the solution,we propose a dynamical neural network approach to solve the reformulated optimization *** results on a machine replacement problem demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed dynamical neural network approach when compared with the sequential convex approximation approach.

关键词： Markov decision process chance constraints distributionally robust optimization moment-based ambiguity set dynamical neural network

Optimal bulk-heterojunction morphology enabled by fibril network strategy for high-performance organic solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第6期62卷 662-668页

作者： tian xia Yunhao Cai Huiting Fu Yanming Sun School of Chemistry Beihang University

A bicontinuous network formed spontaneously upon film preparation is highly desirable for bulk-heterojunction(BHJ) organic solar cells(OSCs). Many donor-acceptor(D-A) type conjugated polymers can self-assemble into polymer fibrils in the solid state and such fibril-assembly can construct the morphological framework by forming a network structure, inducing the formation of ideal BHJ morphology. Our recent works have revealed that the fibril network strategy(FNS) can control the blend morphology in fullerene, non-fullerene and ternary OSCs. It has been shown that the formation of fibril network can optimize phase separation scale and ensure efficient exciton dissociation and charge carriers transport, thus leading to impressive power conversion efficiencies(PCEs) and high fill factor(FF) values. We believe that FNS will provide a promising approach for the optimization of active layer morphology and the improvement of photovoltaic performance, and further promote the commercialization of OSCs.

关键词： organic solar cells bulk heterojunction polymer fibril fibril network strategy morphology

Effect of Hf and Zr Contents on Stress-rupture and Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Performances in FGH96PM Superalloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2014年第3期21卷 382-388页

作者： tian xia Yi-wen ZHANG Yue CHI High Temperature Materials Research Institute Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced High Temperature Materials

Four experimental FGH96 alloys with various contents of Hf and Zr （0 and 0.04%, 0.3% and 0.04%, 0.6% and 0. 04%, 0. 3% and 0.06%, respectively） were produced using PREP （plasma rotating electrode process）＋ HIP （hot isostatic pressing） route. The unnotched and notched stress-rupture properties and fatigue crack growth rate （FCGR） of all the experimental alloys were investigated to study the effect of Hf and Zr. Relevant fracture morphol ogy and microstructure were observed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that appropriate content of Hf could lengthen stress-rupture life, eliminate notch sensitivity and slo wer FCGR. Microstructure analysis showed that the amount of ＂f phase should be increased or decreased by adjusting Hf and Zr contents, and MC carbide and oxide coupled growth should be increased by adding Hf content, which caused oxycarbide to precipitate along grain boundary and strengthen the alloy. It was found that excessive Zr in Hf- containing FGH96 alloy had certain deleterious effects on stress-rupture property because there was strong Zr segre- gation at prior particle boundary, leaving a long chain of large-size oxides along the boundary. The optimal content of Hf and Zr in FGH96 alloy was 0.6% and 0. 04%, respectively.

关键词： PM superalloy FGH96 HI Zr stress rupture carbide oxide