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DEM investigation of strength and critical state behaviours of granular materials under true triaxial loadings

Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 198-212页

作者： Minyi Zhu Guobin Gong jun xia Stephen Wilkinson Department of Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversityChina Department of Civil Engineering and Industrial Design University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of Wollongong in DubaiUnited Arab Emirates

This paper investigates the strength and critical state(CS)behaviours of granular materials via DEM simulations of true triaxial drained tests under three different loading modes including constant b(in-termediate stress ratio)tests with constantσ'1(major principal stress),constant p(mean pressure)and constantσ'3(minor principal stress)respectively.To this end,a series of samples are generated with the same particle size distribution,and with the confining stresses ranging from 100 kPa to 900 kPa.The CS is achieved for all samples.Both the macroscopic behaviours and the microscopic behaviours are examined and compared considering different loading modes,confining stresses and intermediate stress ratios(b).The critical state lines(CSLs)are found to be unique and independent of the loading modes,but dependent on the b values.The CSLs with b=0 and b=1 form the two boundaries of CSLs respectively beyond which CSLs under all other b tests cannot go beyond.Six different strength criteria are examined and compared in terms of both peak and CS failures.The Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion is found to be only suitable for axisymmetric loading conditions.The Lade-Duncan criterion is only suitable for describing peak strengths,which is dependent on the loading modes and confining stresses.The Satake criterion and Matsuoka-Nakai criterion are the more appropriate strength criteria for describing CS failures,indicating that the CS values of both the Satake parameter and the Matsuoka-Nakai parameter describe an inherent property that characterizes the CS failure for a given type of soil.The CS mechanical coordination number is fitted by a curved line for a given b value,which is unique regardless of the loading modes.The peak and CS values of both major and minor principal fabric tensors decrease with increasing b values,while they increase with increasing b values for the intermediate principal fabric tensor.

关键词： Discrete element method Intermediate stress ratio Dilation Critical state Failure criterion

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Urban water system theory and its model development and application

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 704-724页

作者： jun xia Yongyong ZHANG Dunxian SHE Shiyan ZHANG jun YANG Mingquan LV xiang ZHANG Anqi LUO Shengjun WU Yang LIU Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources&Hydropower Engineering Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Aquatic Eco Health Group Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and HealthInstitute of Urban EnvironmentFujian Key Laboratory of Watershed EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

The urban water system theory is an extension of the basin water system science on an urban scale, providing a new systematic solution for the unbalanced human-water relationship and severe water challenges, such as waterlogging, black and odorous water, and ecological degradation caused by urbanization. Most existing studies on urban water systems have focused on individual water cycle processes linked with water supply and sewage treatment plants, but mutual feedback between the water cycle and its associated material circulation and water ecology, as well as human processes, still needs further exploration. In this paper, the concept, theory, and technical methodology of the urban water system were developed based on the water cycle and basin water system science. The Urban Water System 5.0(UWS 5.0) model was developed by integrating the Time Variant Gain rainfall-runoff Model with Urban water system(TVGM_Urban) in different underlying surface conditions for analyzing the natural-social water cycle processes and their associated water environmental and ecological processes and the influence of multiscale sponge measures. Herein, five major simulation functions were realized: rainfall-runoff-nonpoint source pollutant load,water and pollutant transportations through the drainage network system, terminal regulation and purification, socioeconomic water cycle, and water system assessment and regulation. The location for the case study used in this paper was Wuhan City. The findings showed that the entire urban water system should consider the built-up area and its associated rivers and lakes as the research object and explore the integrations among the urban natural-social water cycle and river regulations inside and outside of the city as well as the effects of socioeconomic development and sponge measures on the water quantity-quality-ecology processes. The UWS 5.0 model efficiently simulated the urban rainfall-runoff process, total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) concentrations in water bodies, and charac

关键词： Urban water system Human-water relationship Water issue Green development Theoretical basis Mathematical model

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Mass spectrometry analysis of intact protein N-glycosylation signatures of cells and sera in pancreatic adenocarcinomas

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第1期25卷 51-64页

作者： Mingming XU Zhaoliang LIU Wenhua HU Ying HAN Zhen WU Sufeng CHEN Peng xia Jing DU Xumin ZHANG Piliang HAO jun xia Shuang YANG Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of BiochemistrySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438China Department of Clinical Laboratory Center Zhejiang Provincial People’s HospitalPeople’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou310014China

Pancreatic cancer is among the most malignant cancers,and thus early intervention is the key to better survival outcomes.However,no methods have been derived that can reliably identify early precursors of development into malignancy.Therefore,it is urgent to discover early molecular changes during pancreatic tumorigenesis.As aberrant glycosylation is closely associated with cancer progression,numerous efforts have been made to mine glycosylation changes as biomarkers for diagnosis;however,detailed glycoproteomic information,especially site-specific N-glycosylation changes in pancreatic cancer with and without drug treatment,needs to be further explored.Herein,we used comprehensive solid-phase chemoenzymatic glycoproteomics to analyze glycans,glycosites,and intact glycopeptides in pancreatic cancer cells and patient sera.The profiling of N-glycans in cancer cells revealed an increase in the secreted glycoproteins from the primary tumor of MIA PaCa-2 cells,whereas human sera,which contain many secreted glycoproteins,had significant changes of glycans at their specific glycosites.These results indicated the potential role for tumor-specific glycosylation as disease biomarkers.We also found that AMG-510,a small molecule inhibitor against Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS)G12C mutation,profoundly reduced the glycosylation level in MIA PaCa-2 cells,suggesting that KRAS plays a role in the cellular glycosylation process,and thus glycosylation inhibition contributes to the anti-tumor effect of AMG-510.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Glycosylation Biomarker Glycoproteomics Mass spectrometry

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Developing socio-hydrology:Research progress,opportunities and challenges

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第11期32卷 2131-2146页

作者： xia jun DONG Yi ZOU Lei Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The development of industrialization and urbanization has intensified the coupling of human activities and hydrological processes and promoted the emergence of socio-hydrology.This paper addresses the issue of socio-hydrology due to new development and social demand for hydrological sciences and sustainable development.Four key scientific issues are identified through systematic analysis and summary of the relative research and international progress,i.e.,(1)the long-term dynamic process of socio-hydrological system evolution;(2)quantitative description and driving mechanism analysis of socio-hydrological coupling system;(3)prediction of the trajectories of socio-hydrological system co-evolution,and(4)integrated water resource management from the perspective of water systems.Moreover,opportunities and challenges for developing socio-hydrology are emphasized,including(1)strengthening the research of interdisciplinary theoretical systems;(2)improving and broadening socio-hydrological research technical methods,and(3)supporting integrated water resources management(IWRM)for sustainable utilization goals(SDGs).The review is expected to provide a reference for the future development of socio-hydrology discipline.

关键词： socio-hydrology opportunities and challenges interdiscipline IWRM SDGs

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Impact of atmospheric circulations on droughts and drought propagation over China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2633-2648页

作者： Ziye GU Lei GU Jiabo YIN Wei FANG Lihua XIONG jun GUO Ziyue ZENG jun xia School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

The GRACE satellite mission provides a new approach for monitoring, tracking, and assessing drought conditions by detecting changes in Earth's gravitational fields and inversing signals of terrestrial water storage anomalies. Existing studies of terrestrial water storage anomalies related droughts paid rare attention to the behind atmospheric physical mechanisms, nor quantified the risk propagation patterns between terrestrial water storage deficits and hydrological or agricultural droughts. In this study, we first extract terrestrial water storage(TWS) droughts, hydrological droughts, and agricultural droughts by using multiple variables including TWS from the GRACE/GRACE-FO satellites, runoff and soil moisture from the ERA5-Land reanalysis dataset. We then identify key atmospheric and oceanic oscillation indices affecting water deficits by employing machine learning technologies. We characterize the joint distributions between drought duration and severity by using the Copula function and quantify the risk propagation of hydrological and agricultural droughts to TWS droughts. The results show that:(1) From 2002 to 2021, there is a significant decrasing trend of TWS in China; the WPIO group atmospheric circulation indices(sea surface temperature index within the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean) contributes the most to TWS. Specifically,the sea surface temperature anomalies within the NINO 3.4 region as well as the Western Pacific Warm Pool area index show significantly positive correlation relationships with TWS in southern China;(2) The northwestern China, the Yangtze River basin, and the downstream of the Pearl River basin are the hotspots of TWS droughts. Besides, the hotspots of hydrological droughts locate in northwestern China and the hotspots of agricultural droughts locate in South China and eastern Tibetan Plateau;(3) The elastic coefficients of hydrological droughts propagating to TWS droughts are higher than those of agricultural droughts, indicating that the TWS droughts are more sensitive to hydrol

关键词： GRACE satellites Drought Drought propagation Atmospheric circulation Copula function

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Effect of speed humps on instantaneous traffic emissions in a microscopic model with limited deceleration capacity

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 413-420页

作者：胡宇晨李启朗刘军王君霞汪秉宏 School of Mathematics and Physics Anhui Jianzhu UniversityHefei 230601China School of Civil Engineering and Transportation Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

As a common transportation facility, speed humps can control the speed of vehicles on special road sections to reduce traffic risks. At the same time, they also cause instantaneous traffic emissions. Based on the classic instantaneous traffic emission model and the limited deceleration capacity microscopic traffic flow model with slow-to-start rules, this paper has investigated the impact of speed humps on traffic flow and the instantaneous emissions of vehicle pollutants in a single lane situation. The numerical simulation results have shown that speed humps have significant effects on traffic flow and traffic emissions. In a free-flow region, the increase of speed humps leads to the continuous rise of CO_(2), NO_(X) and PM emissions. Within some density ranges, one finds that these pollutant emissions can evolve into some higher values under some random seeds. Under other random seeds, they can evolve into some lower values. In a wide moving jam region, the emission values of these pollutants sometimes appear as continuous or intermittent phenomenon. Compared to the refined Na Sch model, the present model has lower instantaneous emissions such as CO_(2), NO_(X) and PM and higher volatile organic components(VOC) emissions. Compared to the limited deceleration capacity model without slow-to-start rules, the present model also has lower instantaneous emissions such as CO_(2), NO_(X) and PM and higher VOC emissions in a wide moving jam region. These results can also be confirmed or explained by the statistical values of vehicle velocity and acceleration.

关键词： traffic emissions speed humps slow-to-start rules deceleration capacity

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Recent advances of high-entropy electrocatalysts for water electrolysis by electrodeposition technology:a short review

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2371-2390页

作者： Han-Ming Zhang Shao-Fei Zhang Li-Hao Zuo Jia-Kang Li jun-xia Guo Peng Wang Jin-Feng Sun Lei Dai Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore

Hydrogen is considered as the promising energy carrier to substitute traditional fossil fuel,due to its cleanliness,renewability and high energy density.Water electrolysis is a simple and eonvenient technology for hydrogen production.The efficiency of water electrolysis for hydrogen production is limited by the electrocatalytic performances on hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The exorbitant Pt-and Ir-/Ru-based electrocatalysts as optimal HER and OER electrocatalysts,respectively,restrict water electrolysis development.Recently,non-precious metal-based high-entropy electrocatalysts have exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activities and long-term stabilities for water electrolysis,as promising precious cataly st candidates.Therefore,the construction of the high-entropy electroc atalysts is vital to water electrolysis industry.Electrodeposition technology is an efficient method for the preparation of high-entropy electrocatalysts due to its simple,fast,energy-saving and environmental-friendly advantages.Multi-component co-precipitation facilely occurs during the electroredox in electrodeposition processes.High-entropy alloys,oxides,(oxy)hydroxides,phosphides and phosphorus sulfide oxides have been successfully prepared by galvanostatic,potentiostatic electrodeposition,cyclic voltammetry,pulse,nanodroplet-mediated and cathodic plasma electrodeposition techniques.Hence,introduction of the development of high-entropy electrocatalysts synthesized by electrodeposition technology is significant to researchers and industries.Challenges and outlooks are also concluded to boost the industrial application of electrodeposition in water electrolysis and other energy conversion areas.

关键词： High-entropy electrocatalysts Electrodeposition technology Water electrolysis Multi-component co-precipitation Excellent electrocatalytic performances

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Evaluating the hydrological effects of the Three Gorges Reservoir based on a large-scale coupled hydrological-hydrodynamic-dam operation model

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2023年第5期33卷 999-1022页

作者： ZENG Sidong LIU Xin- xia jun DU Hong CHEN Minghao HUANG Renyong Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology CASChongqing400714China Chongqing School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing400714China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China College of Resources and Environmental Science South-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan430074China Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan430010China

Understanding the hydrological effects of the Three Gorges Dam operation in the entire reservoir area is significant to achieving optimal dam regulation. In this paper, a large-scale coupled hydrological-hydrodynamic-dam operation model is developed to comprehensively evaluate the hydrological effects of the river-type Three Gorges Reservoir. The results show that the coupled model is effective for hydrological, hydrodynamic regime and hydropower simulations in the reservoir area. Dam operation could have a notable positive effect on flood control and could reduce the maximum daily flood peak by up to 26.2%. It also contributes a large amount of hydropower, approximately 94.27 TWh/year, and a water supply increase for the downstream area of up to 22% during the dry season. In the flood season, the water level at Cuntan would increase under the condition that the water level of the dam is higher than approximately 158 m due to dam operation. In the dry season, attention should be paid to the low flow velocity near the dam in the reservoir area.

关键词： hydrological effects Three Gorges Reservoir coupled model flood control

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变化环境下长江流域滨海城市供水安全与适应性对策

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南水北调与水利科技（中英文） 2024年第2期22卷 209-214页

作者：夏军武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室武汉430072 海绵城市建设水系统科学湖北省重点实验室武汉430072

全球气候变化和高强度人类活动影响导致长江流域水循环变化及相关联的城市群水资源供需矛盾问题,尤其在长江下游上海等滨海城市供水安全问题更加凸显,这已成为长江大保护十分关注的重要问题之一。以典型滨海城市上海为例,重点论述变化... 详细信息

全球气候变化和高强度人类活动影响导致长江流域水循环变化及相关联的城市群水资源供需矛盾问题,尤其在长江下游上海等滨海城市供水安全问题更加凸显,这已成为长江大保护十分关注的重要问题之一。以典型滨海城市上海为例,重点论述变化环境对长江流域的供水安全风险问题;分析当前和未来上海城市供水极端干旱影响、长江淡水与河口咸潮互动供水窗口压力,以及上海城市供水管理综合运用工程措施和预警预报、调度等非工程措施的挑战;提出若干对策与建议,包括供水安全保障的系统思维与战略规划、提升城市供水安全的系统智能化与智慧化管理水平以及完善供水安全保障的管理体系。

关键词：变化环境滨海城市供水供水安全适应性管理对策建议

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基于Wnt/β-catenin通路介导的上皮间质转化探讨电针治疗宫腔粘连大鼠子宫内膜纤维化的作用机制

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针刺研究 2024年第6期49卷 566-576页

作者：李军威夏良君崔础婷程洁夏有兵南京中医药大学针灸推拿学院·养生康复学院南京210046 南京医科大学南京211166

目的:观察电针对宫腔粘连(IUA)大鼠子宫内膜Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)信号通路与上皮间质转化(EMT)相关蛋白的影响,探讨其修复IUA子宫内膜的可能机制。方法:雌性SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、电针组、ICG-001组,每组10只。采用机... 详细信息

目的:观察电针对宫腔粘连(IUA)大鼠子宫内膜Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)信号通路与上皮间质转化(EMT)相关蛋白的影响,探讨其修复IUA子宫内膜的可能机制。方法:雌性SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、电针组、ICG-001组,每组10只。采用机械搔刮联合脂多糖感染双重损伤法制备IUA模型。电针组针刺“关元”,电针双侧“足三里”“三阴交”,20 min/次,1次/d;ICG-001组腹腔注射β-catenin抑制剂ICG-001(5 mg/kg),1次/2 d;以上干预均连续进行3个动情周期。每组5只大鼠干预后取材,HE染色法观察IUA大鼠子宫内膜形态、子宫内膜厚度及腺体数目变化,Masson染色法观察子宫内膜组织纤维化程度,免疫组织化学法检测子宫内膜组织转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、纤维连接蛋白(FN)、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(Col-Ⅰ)、糖原合酶激酶3β(GSK-3β)、β-catenin、E-钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-钙粘蛋白(N-cadherin)及波形蛋白(Vimentin)的阳性表达,Western blot法检测子宫内膜组织中GSK-3β、β-catenin、E-cadherin、N-cadherin及Vimentin蛋白相对表达量;每组剩余5只大鼠,干预后与雄鼠合笼,记录各组大鼠子宫胚胎着床数目。结果:HE染色示模型组子宫内膜组织部分坏死或缺失,电针组有所恢复,且较ICG-001组更好。与空白组相比,模型组大鼠子宫内膜组织腺体数目与子宫内膜厚度,子宫内膜组织中E-cadherin和GSK-3β蛋白表达与阳性表达降低(P<0.0001,P<0.001,P<0.01),子宫内膜纤维化面积比值,子宫内膜组织中TGF-β1、α-SMA、FN、CTGF、Col-Ⅰ阳性表达,N-cadherin、Vimentin及β-catenin蛋白表达与阳性表达升高(P<0.0001,P<0.001,P<0.01),胚胎着床数目减少(P<0.0001);与模型组相比,电针组与ICG-001组大鼠子宫内膜组织腺体数目与子宫内膜厚度,子宫内膜组织E-cadherin与GSK-3β蛋白表达及阳性表达升高(P<0.001,P<0.05,P<0.01),子宫内膜纤维化面积比值,子宫内膜组织TGF-β1、α-SMA、FN、CTGF、Col-Ⅰ阳性表达,N-cadherin、Vimentin、β-catenin蛋白表达与阳性表达降低(P<0.001,P<0.01,P<0.05),胚胎着床数目增多(P<0.001);与电针组相比,ICG-001组以上指标差异均无统计学意义。结论:电针可能通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路逆转EMT进程,降低内膜组织纤维化程度,从而促进IUA子宫内膜修复。

关键词：宫腔粘连电针子宫内膜纤维化 Wnt/β-连环蛋白通路上皮间质转化

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