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LHAASO detection of very-high-energy γ-ray emission surrounding PSR j0248+6021

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

作者： Zhen Cao F.Aharonian Axikegu Y.x.Bai Y.w.Bao D.Bastieri x.j.Bi Y.j.Bi w.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao w.Y.Cao Zhe Cao j.Chang j.F.Chang A.M.Chen E.S.Chen H.x.Chen Liang Chen Lin Chen Long Chen M.j.Chen M.L.Chen Q.H.Chen S.Chen S.H.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen Y.Chen N.Cheng Y.D.Cheng M.C.Chu M.Y.Cui S.w.Cui x.H.Cui Y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai H.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu x.Q.Dong K.K.Duan j.H.Fan Y.Z.Fan j.Fang j.H.Fang K.Fang C.F.Feng H.Feng L.Feng S.H.Feng x.T.Feng Y.Feng Y.L.Feng S.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao w.Gao w.K.Gao M.M.Ge T.T.Ge L.S.Geng G.Giacinti G.H.Gong Q.B.Gou M.H.Gu F.L.Guo j.Guo x.L.Guo Y.Q.Guo Y.Y.Guo Y.A.Han O.A.Hannuksela M.Hasan H.H.He H.N.He j.Y.He Y.He Y.K.Hor B.w.Hou C.Hou x.Hou H.B.Hu Q.Hu S.C.Hu C.Huang D.H.Huang T.Q.Huang w.j.Huang x.T.Huang x.Y.Huang Y.Huang Y.Y.Huang x.L.ji H.Y.jia K.jia H.B.jiang K.jiang x.w.j.ang Z.j.jiang M.jin M.M.Kang I.Karpikov D.Khangulyan D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.M.Li Cheng Li Cong Li D.Li F.Li H.B.Li H.C.Li jian Li jie Li K.Li S.D.Li w.L.Li w.L.Li x.R.Li xin Li Y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.w.Liang Y.F.Liang S.j.Lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu H.Liu H.D.Liu j.Liu j.L.Liu M.Y.Liu R.Y.Liu S.M.Liu w.Liu Y.Liu Y.N.Liu Q.Luo Y.Luo H.K.Lv B.Q.Ma L.L.Ma x.H.Ma j.R.Mao Z.Min w.Mitthumsiri H.j.Mu Y.C.Nan A.Neronov K.C.Y.Ng L.j.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.Y.Pei j.C.Qi M.Y.Qi B.Q.Qiao j.j.Qin A.Raza D.Ruffolo A.Sáiz M.Saeed D.Semikoz L.Shao O.Shchegolev x.D.Sheng F.w.Shu H.C.Song Yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov Y.Su D.x.Sun Q.N.Sun x.N.Sun Z.B.Sun j.Takata P.H.T.Tam Q.w.Tang R.Tang Z.B.Tang w.w.Tian L.H.wan C.wang C.B.wang G.w.wang H.G.wang H.H.wang j.C.wang Kai wang Kai wang L.P.wang L.Y.wang P.H.wang R.wang w.wang x.G.wang x.Y.wang Y.wang Y.D.wang Y.j.wang Z.H.wang Z.x.wang Zhen wang Zheng wang D.M.wei j.j.wei Y.j.wei T.wen C.Y.wu H.R.wu Q.w.wu S.wu x.F.wu Y.S.wu S.Q.xi j.xia G.M.xiang D.x.xiao G.xiao Y.L.xin Y.xing D.R.xiong Z.xiong D.L.xu R.F.xu R.x.xu w.L.xu L.xue D.H.Yan j.Z.Yan T.Yan C.w.Yang C.Y.Yang F.Yang F.F.Yang L.L.Yang M.j.Yang R.Z.Yang w.x.Yang Y.H.Yao Z.G.Yao L.Q.Yin N.Yin x.H.You Z.Y.You Y.H Southwest jiaotong University School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou University Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai jiao Tong University Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences Hebei Normal University University of Science and Technology of China LHAASO Collaboration State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy & Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang Laboratory Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics & Experimental Physics Division & Computing Center Yunnan University Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays (Tibet University) Ministry of Education Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy (Zhuhai) & School of Physics (Guangzhou) & Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology (Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen University Institute of High Energy Physics Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong University APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 CEA/IRFU Observatoire de Paris Department of Engineering Physics & Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University School of Physics and Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou University Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences China Center of Advanced Science and Technology College of Physics Sichuan University School of Physics Peking University Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangxi University Department of Physics Faculty of Science Mahidol University Moscow Institute

we report the detection of an extended very-high-energy(VHE) γ-ray source coincident with the location of middle-aged(62.4 kyr) pulsar PSR j0248+6021, by using the LHAASO-wCDA data of live 796 d and LHAASO-KM2A data of live 1216d. A significant excess of γ-ray induced showers is observed both by wCDA in energy bands of 1-25 Te V and KM2A in energy bands of >25 TeV with 7.3σ and 13.5σ, respectively. The best-fit position derived through wCDA data is R.A. = 42.06°± 0.12°and Dec. = 60.24°± 0.13°with an extension of 0.69°±0.15°and that of the KM2A data is R.A.= 42.29°± 0.13°and Dec. =60.38°± 0.07°with an extension of 0.37°±0.07°. No clear extended multiwavelength counterpart of this LHAASO source has been found from the radio band to the GeV band. The most plausible explanation of the VHE γ-ray emission is the inverse Compton process of highly relativistic electrons and positrons injected by the pulsar. These electrons/positrons are hypothesized to be either confined within the pulsar wind nebula or to have already escaped into the interstellar medium, forming a pulsar halo.

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MAx-DOAS observations of pollutant distribution and transboundary transport in typical regions of China

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 652-666页

作者： Hongmei Ren ang Li Zhaokun Hu Hairong Zhang jiangman xu xinyan Yang jinji Ma Shuai wang School of Physics and Electronic Information Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Geography and Tourism Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100012China

Studying the spatiotemporal distribution and transboundary transport of aerosols,NO_(2),SO_(2),and HCHO in typical regions is crucial for understanding regional pollution *** a 2-year study using multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy in Qingdao,Shanghai,xi’an,and Kunming,we investigated pollutant distribution and transport across Eastern China-Ocean,Tibetan Plateau-Central and Eastern China,and China-Southeast Asia ***,pollutant distributionwas ***,frequently clouded and misty,exhibited consistently high aerosol optical depth throughout the *** Qingdao and Shanghai,NO_(2)and SO_(2),as well as SO_(2)in xi’an,increased in *** HCHO in summer in Shanghai and xi’an,especially xi’an,suggests potential ozone pollution ***,pollutant transportation across interfaces was *** the Eastern China-Ocean interface,the gas transport flux was the largest among other interfaces,with the outflux exceeding the influx,especially in winter and *** input of pollutants from the Tibetan Plateau to central-eastern Chinawas larger than the output in winter and spring,with SO_(2)having the highest transport flux in *** pollution input from Southeast Asia to China significantly exceeded the output,with spring and winter inputs being 3.22 and 3.03 times the output,***,the transportation characteristics of a pollution event at Kunming were *** this period,pollutants were transported from west to east,with themaximum SO_(2)transport flux at an altitude of 2.87 km equaling 27.74μg/(m^(2)·s).It is speculated that this pollution was caused by the transport from Southeast Asian countries to Kunming.

关键词： Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAx-DOAS) Pollutants Spatiotemporal distribution Transboundary transport

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Improvement of photogrammetric joint roughness coefficient value by integrating automatic shooting parameter selection and composite error model

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2025年第1期17卷 200-219页

作者： Qinzheng Yang ang Li Feng Dai Zhen Cui Hongtian wang School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an710064China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China

In order to improve the accuracy of the photogrammetric joint roughness coefficient(jRC)value,the present study proposed a novel method combining an autonomous shooting parameter selection algorithm with a composite error ***,according to the depth map-based photogrammetric theory,the estimation of jRC from a three-dimensional(3D)digital surface model of rock discontinuities was ***,an automatic shooting parameter selection algorithm was novelly proposed to establish the 3D model dataset of rock discontinuities with varying shooting parameters and target ***,the photogrammetric tests were performed with custom-built equipment capable of adjusting baseline lengths,and a total of 36 sets of jRC data was gathered via a combination of laboratory and field ***,by combining the theory of point cloud coordinate computation error with the equation of jRC calculation,a composite error model controlled by the shooting parameters was *** newly proposed model was validated via the 3D model dataset,demonstrating the capability to correct initially obtained jRC values solely based on shooting ***,the implementation of this correction can significantly reduce errors in jRC values obtained via photographic ***,our proposed error model was integrated into the shooting parameter selection algorithm,thus improving the rationality and convenience of selecting suitable shooting parameter combinations when dealing with target rock masses with different ***,the optimal combination of three shooting parameters was *** values resulting from various combinations of shooting parameters were verified by comparing them with 3D laser scan ***,the application scope and limitations of the newly proposed approach were further addressed.

关键词： Photogrammetry Shooting parameter jRC estimation 3D reconstruction

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Spatial-temporal distribution and emission of urban scale air pollutants in Hefei based on Mobile-DOAS

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 238-251页

作者： Zhidong Zhang Pinhua xie ang Li Min Qin jin xu Zhaokun Hu xin Tian Feng Hu Yinsheng Lv jiangyi Zheng Youtao Li School of Environmental Science and Optoelectronic Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China

As a significant city in the Yangtze River Delta regions,Hefei has experienced rapid changes in the sources of air pollution due to its high-speed economic development and urban ***,there has been limited research in recent years on the spatial-temporal distribution and emission of its atmospheric *** address this,this study conducted mobile observations of urban roads using the Mobile-DOAS instrument from june 2021 to May *** monitoring results exhibit a favourable consistent with TROPOMI satellite data and ground monitoring station ***,there were pronounced seasonal variations in air ***,high concentration of HCHO and NO_(2)were closely associated with traffic congestion on roadways,while heightened SO_(2)levels were attributed to winter heating and industrial *** study also revealed that with the implementation of road policies,the average vehicle speed increased by 95.4%,while the NO concentration decreased by 54.4%.In the estimation of urban NO_(x)emission flux,it was observed that in temporal terms,compared with inventory data,the emissions calculated viamobile measurements exhibitedmore distinct seasonal patterns,with the highest emission rate of 349 g/sec in winter and the lowest of 142 g/sec in *** spatial terms,the significant difference in emissions between the inner and outer ring roads also suggests the presence of the city’s primary NO_(x)emission sources in the area between these two *** study offers data support for formulating the next phase of air pollution control measures in urban areas.

关键词： Mobile-DOAS HCHO NO_(2) SO_(2) Spatial-temporal distribution NOx emission

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Comparison of respiratory mechanics measurement between pressure-controlled ventilation and volumecontrolled ventilation

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world journal of Emergency Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 78-81页

作者： Zhi’ang Li Peifang Li Yiling jiang jianjun Zhu jianliang Zhu Zhiping xu Lijun Liu Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215004China

Mechanical ventilation is a specialized oxygen therapy and life support technology with significant importance for critically ill patients. In fact, 40%–66% of patients in the intensive care unit(ICU) require mechanical ventilation.^([1,2]) However, the mechanical ventilation can lead to ventilatorassociated lung injury(VALI),^([3]) ultimately resulting in difficulties in weaning from mechanical ventilation,prolonged hospital stays, and even increased mortality.

关键词： specialized ventilation ultimately

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Recent advances in metal-loaded MOFs photocatalysts:From single atom,cluster to nanoparticle

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 68-79页

作者： Shenglan Zhou Haijian Li Hongyi Gao ang Li Tian Li Shanshan Cheng jingjing wang jitti Kasemchainan jianhua Yi Fengqi Zhao wengang Qu Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Function Materials for Molecule&Structure ConstructionSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National Key Laboratory of Energetic Materials Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research InstituteXi’an 710065China Shunde Innovation School University of Science and Technology BeijingShunde 528399China School of Materials Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Department of Chemical Technology Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand

Photocatalysis is widely regarded as a highly promising sustainable technique for addressing the challenges posed by environmental pollution and energy *** recent years,metal-loaded MOFs has become a rising star within the domain of photocatalysis due to its high specific surface area and porosity,adjustable structure,diverse and abundant catalytic components,which has exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity and exhibit great potential in a range of *** this paper,the principles for evaluating the photocatalytic performance of MOFs-based materials were firstly introduced,and some typical examples were also listed *** with this,particular emphasis is paid to the main factors affecting the photocatalytic performance of metal-loaded *** the synthesis and design strategies of MOFs loaded metal entities of varying sizes(single atoms,nanoclusters,and nanoparticles),and their applications in photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction,hydrogen production,photooxidation and photocatalytic hydrogenation were summarized and ***,the opportunities and challenges faced in this kind of MOFs-based composites were analyzed from different *** report is expected to help researchers design and develop high-performance MOFs-based photocatalytic materials.

关键词： Metal-loaded MOFs Photocatalysis Single atom catalysts Nanoclusters Nanoparticles

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Deep view of composite SNR CTA1 with LHAASO in γ-rays up to 300 TeV

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

The ultra-high-energy（UHE） gamma-ray source 1LHAASO j0007+7303u is positionally associated with the composite SNR CTA1 that is located at high Galactic Latitude b ≈ 10.5°. This provides a rare opportunity to spatially resolve the component of the pulsar wind nebula（PwN） and supernova remnant（SNR） at UHE. This paper conducted a dedicated data analysis of 1LHAASO j0007+7303u using the data collected from December 2019 to july 2023. This source is well detected with significances of 21σ and 17σ at 8-100 TeV and >100 TeV, respectively. The corresponding extensions are determined to be 0.23°±0.03°and 0.17°±0.03°. The emission is proposed to originate from the relativistic electrons accelerated within the PwN of PSR j0007+7303. The energy spectrum is well described by a power-law with an exponential cutoff function dN/dE =（42.4 ± 4.1）(E/（20 TeV）)-2.31±0.11exp(-E/（110±25 TeV）) TeV-1cm-2s-1in the energy range from 8 to 300 TeV, implying a steady-state parent electron spectrum dNe/dEe∝(Ee/（100 TeV）)-3.13±0.16exp[(-Ee/（373±70 TeV）)2] at energies above ≈ 50 TeV. The cutoff energy of the electron spectrum is roughly equal to the expected current maximum energy of particles accelerated at the PwN terminal shock. Combining the x-ray and gamma-ray emission, the current space-averaged magnetic field can be limited to≈ 4.5 μG. To satisfy the multi-wavelength spectrum and the γ-ray extensions, the transport of relativistic particles within the PwN is likely dominated by the advection process under the free-expansion phase assumption.

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Observation of the γ-ray emission from w43 with LHAASO

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

In this paper, we report the detection of the very-high-energy (VHE, 100 Ge V100 TeV) γ-ray emissions from the direction of the young star-forming region w43, observed by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observation (LHAASO). The extended γ-ray source was detected with a significance of～16σby KM2A and～17σby wCDA, respectively. The angular extension of this γ-ray source is about 0.5 degrees, corresponding to a physical size of about 50pc. we discuss the origin of the γ-ray emission and possible cosmic ray acceleration in the w43 region using multi-wavelength data. Our findings suggest that w43 is likely another young star cluster capable of accelerating cosmic rays (CRs) to at least several hundred TeV.

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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn j.w.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj jenny Cheung jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini jPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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Advancement in Tungsten/Molybdenum Alloy welding Technology

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稀有金属材料与工程 2025年第1期54卷 94-108页

作者： wang xingxing Chu Haoqiang xie xu Pan Kunming Du Quanbin Li ang Zhang Liyan Henan International joint Laboratory of High-efficiency Special Green welding North China University of Water Resources and Electric PowerZhengzhou 450045China Longmen Laboratory Luoyang 471003China Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment Integration for Superhard Materials Henan Mechanical and Electrical Vocational CollegeZhengzhou 451191China

Tungsten/molybdenum alloys are widely utilized in the nuclear industry,aerospace and various other fields due to their high melting points and strength ***,poor sinterability and processability make it difficult to manufacture largesize or complex-shaped ***,an in-depth study on the welding technology of tungsten/molybdenum alloys is *** introduction of tungsten/molybdenum alloy welding defects and joining process was provided,along with recent advancements in brazing,spark plasma sintering diffusion bonding,electron beam welding and laser beam *** latest progress in alloy doping treatment applied to tungsten/molybdenum alloy dissimilar welding was also discussed,and existing welding problems were pointed *** development prospects of weldability of tungsten/molybdenum alloy by various joining technologies were forecasted,thereby furnishing a theoretical and practical found.

关键词： tungsten alloy molybdenum alloy welding technology microstructure mechanical properties

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