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Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 71-78页

作者： Song He li li Sai Wang Shao-Jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin University School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition, yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT) left undetermined. At specific baryon chemical potential, the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon asymmetry. It, therefore, provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs) within the standard model of particle physics. If these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA) observations, the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained, and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

Expeditious and scalable preparation of a li-Thiele reagent for amine-based bioconjugation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第2期32卷 700-702页

作者： Jiacheng li Yuyong Ma x.ang Zhang xin Cao Hegui Gong ang li Department of Chemistry Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences.Shanghai 200032China

Chemoselective amine bioco njugation has long been a challenge for native protein *** by Thiele’s seminal discovery,li and co-workers recently developed an orto-phthalaldehyde(OPA)based reagent for labeling the amino group of a *** we report an expeditious and scalable synthesis of a li-Thiele reagent featuring an arene construction *** reagent contains an alkyne side chain as a handle for secondary modification.

关键词： Amine-based bioconjugation li-Thiele reagent Arene synthesis Ortho-phthalaldehyde

Cell polarization in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and advances

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 632-645页

作者： Yuanwei li xiaoxiao xu xuan Wu Jiarui li Shiling Chen Danyang Chen Gaigai li Zhouping Tang Department of Neurology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and disability rates. Since the inflammation and immune response play a central role in driving ischemic damage, it becomes essential to modulate excessive inflammatory reactions to promote cell survival and facilitate tissue repair around the injury site. Various cell types are involved in the inflammatory response, including microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils, each exhibiting distinct phenotypic profiles upon stimulation. They display either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory states, a phenomenon known as ‘cell polarization.’ There are two cell polarization therapy strategies. The first involves inducing cells into a neuroprotective phenotype in vitro, then reintroducing them autologously. The second approach utilizes small molecular substances to directly affect cells in vivo. In this review, we elucidate the polarization dynamics of the three reactive cell populations(microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils) in the context of ischemic stroke, and provide a comprehensive summary of the molecular mechanisms involved in their phenotypic switching. By unraveling the complexity of cell polarization, we hope to offer insights for future research on neuroinflammation and novel therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.

关键词： astrocyte polarization immune regulation inflammation ischemic injury microglia polarization neutrophil polarization signaling pathways stroke

Design of a cationic accelerator enabling ultrafast ion diffusion kinetics in aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 377-384页

作者： Yawei xiao Qianqian Gu Haoyu li Mengyao li Yude Wang National Center for International Research on Photoelectric and Energy Materials School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hainan University College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University Yunnan Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Green Low-carbon Technologies Yunnan University

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion *** address this,a strategy has been developed to create a cation-accelerating electric field on the surface of the cathode to achieve ultrafast Zn2+diffusion *** employing electrodeposition to coat MoS2on the surface of BaV6O16·3H2O nanowires,the directional built-in electric field generated at the heterointerface acts as a cation accelerator,continuously accelerating Zn2+diffusion into the active *** optimized Zn2+diffusion coefficient in CC@BaV-6O16·3H2O@MoS2(7.5×10～8cm2s-1) surpasses that of most reported V-based ***,MoS2serving as a cathodic armor extends the cycling life of the Zn-CC@BaV6O16·3H2O@MoS2full batteries to over 10000 *** work provides valuable insights into optimizing ion diffusion kinetics for high-performance energy storage devices.

关键词： Internal electric field Cationic accelerator Ion diffusion kinetics Cathode modification strategy Aqueous zinc ion battery

Role of interstitial flow in tumor migration through 3D ECM

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2020年第3期36卷 768-774页

作者： ang li Ren Sun MOE Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics School of Naval ArchitectureOcean&Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Cancer invasion in tissue is simultaneously regulated by chemical and mechanical *** suggest that interstitial flow plays a critical role in tumor *** one hand,the distribution of chemokines around cell is influenced by *** the other hand,interstitial flow may reconfigure the alignment of fiber matrix,which greatly changes the contact force between cell and extracellular *** this study,we have upgraded a model by which we can quantitatively investigate the influence of flow on tumor cell migration.A hydrodynamic analysis of shear stress on a slender body is introduced to simulate the fiber *** such as subtle flow and cell-matrix interaction which dominate tumor migration are integrated in this novel *** results show interstitial flow facilitates tumor cell migration in the flow ***,the flow-related chemical and mechanical cues have a synergistic effect on the *** model provides better understanding on cancer metastasis and helps design vitro experiment precisely.

关键词： Interstitial flow Tumor cell migration Extracellular matrix

Increase in the variability of terrestrial carbon uptake in response to enhanced future ENSO modulation

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 32-38页

作者： Younong li li Dan Jing Peng Qidong Yang Fuqiang Yang Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Processes in the Boundary Layer over the Low-Latitude Plateau Region Department of Atmospheric ScienceYunnan UniversityKunmingChina

El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a major driver of climate change in middle and low latitudes and thus strongly influences the terrestrial carbon cycle through land-air *** the ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability are projected to increase in the future,but their connection still needs further *** investigate the impact of future ENSO modulation on carbon flux variability,this study used 10 CMIP6 earth system models to analyze ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability in middle and low latitudes,and their relationship,under different scenarios simulated by CMIP6 *** results show a high consistency in the simulations,with both ENSO modulation and carbon flux variability showing an increasing trend in the *** higher the emissions scenario,especially SSP5-8.5 compared to SSP2-4.5,the greater the increase in *** flux variability in the middle and low latitudes under SSP2-4.5 increases by 30.9%compared to historical levels during 1951-2000,while under SSP5-8.5 it increases by 58.2%.Further analysis suggests that ENSO influences mid-and low-latitude carbon flux variability primarily through *** occurrence may potentially be attributed to the increased responsiveness of gross primary productivity towards regional temperature fluctuations,combined with the intensified influence of ENSO on land surface temperatures.

关键词： Carbon variability ENSO modulation CMIP6 models

Local magnetic moment oscillation around an Anderson impurity on graphene

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 192-201页

作者： Shuai li Zhen Ma Jin-Hua Gao School of Science Hebei University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Information Zhengzhou University of Light Industry School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and Technology

We theoretically investigate the spin resolved Friedel oscillation （FO） and quasiparticle interference （QPI） in graphene induced by an Anderson *** the impurity becomes magnetic,the resulted FO becomes spin dependent,which gives rise to a local magnetic moment oscillation with an envelop decaying as r-2in real space in the doping ***,at half filling,the electron density and local magnetic moment will not oscillate but decay as *** spin resolved FO has both sublattice and spin ***,the local magnetic moment decay at half filling only occurs at one sublattice of graphene,which is quite like the phenomenon observed in the STM experiment (***ález-Herrero et al.,Science 352,437 （2016）).We further give an analytic formula about such spin dependent FO based on the stationary phase ***,we study the interference of quasiparticles around the magnetic impurity by calculating the spin dependent Fourier-transformed local density of states （FT-LDOS）.Our work gives a comprehensive understanding about the local magnetic moment oscillation around an Anderson impurity on graphene.

关键词： Friedel oscillation local magnetic moment graphene Anderson impurity

Attitude Regulation With Bounded Control in the Presence of Large Disturbances With Bounded Moving Average

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第5期9卷 834-846页

作者： ang li Alessandro Astolfi Ming liu School of Astronautics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ingegneria Informatica University of Rome Tor VergataRoma 00133Italy IEEE

The attitude regulation problem with bounded control for a class of satellites in the presence of large disturbances,with bounded moving average,is solved using a Lyapunov-like *** analysis and design approaches are introduced in the case in which the underlying system is an integrator and are then applied to the satellite attitude regulation *** performance of the resulting closed-loop systems are studied in detail and it is shown that trajectories are ultimately bounded despite the effect of the persistent *** results on a model of a small satellite subject to large,but bounded in moving average,disturbances are presented.

关键词： control cubeSats robust attitude regulation ultimate boundedness

Rolling-element bearings in China： From ancient times to the 20th century

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第1期11卷 33-43页

作者： lie SUN ang li Institute for the History of Natural Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

The development of rolling-element bearings in China has spanned a long period. Based on several typical and important cases, the present article reconstructs the history of rolling-element bearings in China by dividing it into four stages according to the various characteristics of the bearings. The first stage represents the origin of rolling beatings in China, which remains controversial because of several suspected races and cages that were likely the components of bearings more than a millennium ago. At the second stage, a type of simple roller bearing was used for astronomical instru- ments not later than the 13th century based on clear philological and physical evidence. A similar bearing was also applied to an abridged armillary in the 17th century. Another type of spherical thrust bearings with rolling elements, which is a key component of a traditional Chinese windmill, could support a rotating shaft that moves rotationally and at an angle. At the third stage, the Chinese began studying and using the so-called European- style bearing since the 17th century. Moreover, over the last 100 years, the modem rolling bearing industry was gradually established in China, particularly because of the technology transfer from the Soviet Union in the 1950s. At the fourth stage, the Chinese government initiated the relatively rapid development of beating technology. The govemment launched the ＂bearing movement＂ from the 1950s to the 1960s to establish the modem bearing industry and to promote rolling bearings as replacement for traditional sliding bearings. Furthermore, a number of large professional factories and institutions in China have continually introduced advanced technology and equip- ment. At present, these companies and institutions play a significant role in the intemational bearing industry.

关键词： rolling-element bearing China early rolling bearings technology transfer bearing movement