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rumen microbial degradation of bromoform from red seaweed(Asparagopsis taxiformis)and the impact on rumen fermentation and methanogenic archaea

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 412-426页

作者： Pedro romero Alejandro Belanche Elisabeth Jiménez rafael Hueso Eva ramos-Morales Joan King Salwen Ermias Kebreab David r.Yáñez-ruiz Estacion Experimental del Zaidin Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Profesor Albareda 1Granada 18008Spain Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences University of ZaragozaMiguel Servet 177Saragossa 50013Spain Blue Ocean Barns Inc. Redwood CityCAUSA Department of Animal Science University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95618USA

Background The red macroalgae Asparagopsis is an effective methanogenesis inhibitor due to the presence of halogenated methane(ch_(4))analogues,primarily bromoform(chBr_(3)).This study aimed to investigate the degradation process of chBr3 from A taxiformis in the rumen and whether this process is *** in vitro batch culture system was used according to a 2×2 factorial design,assessing two A taxiformis inclusion rates[0(CTL)and 2%DM diet(AT)]and two diets[high-concentrate(HC)and high-forage diet(HF)].Incubations lasted for 72 h and samples of headspace and fermentation liquid were taken at 0,0.5,1,3,6,8,12,16,24,48 and 72 h to assess the pattern of degradation of chBr_(3) into dibromomethane(ch_(2)Br_(2))and fermentation ***,an in vitro experiment with pure cultures of seven methanogens strains(Methanobrevibacter smithii,Methanobrevibacter ruminantium,Methanosphaera stadtmanae,Methanosarcina barkeri,Methanobrevibacter millerae,Methanorhermobacter wolfei and Methanobacterium mobile)was conducted to test the effects of increasing concentrations of chBr3(0.4,2,10and 50μmol/L).results The addition of AT significantly decreased ch_(4) production(P=0.002)and the acetate:propionate ratio(P=0.003)during a 72-h *** concentrations of chBr_(3) showed a rapid decrease with nearly 90%degraded within the first 3 h of *** the contrary,ch_(2)Br_(2) concentration quickly increased during the first 6 h and then gradually decreased towards the end of the *** chBr_(3) degradation nor ch_(2)Br_(2) synthesis were affected by the type of diet used as substrate,suggesting that the fermentation rate is not a driving factor involved in chBr_(3)*** in vitro culture of methanogens showed a dose-response effect of chBr3 by inhibiting the growth of ***,***,***,***,***,***,and *** The present work demonstrated that chBr_(3) from *** is quickly degrad

关键词： Bromoform metabolism Dibromomethane metabolism Methane mitigation Methanogens rumen microbiota Seaweed

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Enhanced biological wastewater treatment using sodium alginate-immobilized microorganisms in a fluidized bed reactor

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Water Science and Engineering 2022年第2期15卷 125-133页

作者： Yaneth A.Bustos-Terrones Erick r.Bandala Gabriela E.Moeller-chávez Victoria Bustos-Terrones Division of Graduate Studies and research CONACYT-TecNM-Technological Institute of CuliacánCuliacánSinaloa 80220Mexico Division of Hydrologic Sciences Desert Research InstituteLas VegasNV 89119-7363USA Academic Direction of Environmental Technology Engineering Polytechnic University of the State of MorelosJiutepecMorelos 62550Mexico

In this study,a microbial consortium isolated from an activated sludge tank of a conventional wastewater treatment plant was immobilized using sodium alginate(SA)as a support material for contaminant biodegradation in wastewater.A volume of 500 mL of activated sludge was immobilized in the SA beads(with a mass concentration of 25 g/L).The resulting SA beads were characterized,introduced into a fluidized bed reactor,fed with 1000 mL of the sample,and characterized again after the treatment *** SA-immobilized microorganisms were tested first for degradation of organic matter(expressed as chemical oxygen demand)and total phosphorous in domestic wastewater,achieving removal efficiencies of 71%and 93%,respectively,after 12 ***,the SA-immobilized microorganisms were tested for degradation of a basic blue 9(BB9)textile dye in a condition that simulated textile *** efficiency of the BB9 degradation was found to be as high as 99.5%after 2 *** to these results,SA-immobilized microorganisms were found to be an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative for treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater effluents.

关键词： Domestic wastewater Basic blue 9 Immobilized microorganisms Fluidized bed reactor Sodium alginate

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High strength Al-Cu-Mg based alloy with synchronous improved tensile properties and hot-cracking resistance suitable for laser powder b e d fusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第10期141卷 155-170页

作者： Q.Z.Wang n.Kang x.Lin M.EL Mansori W.D.Huang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology MSMPHESAM UniversitéChâlons-en-Champagne F-51006France Key Laboratory of Metal High Performance Additive Manufacturing and Innovative Design MIIT ChinaNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station Institute for Manufacturing SystemsCollege StationTX 77843USA

In present work,a novel crack-free Al-Cu-Mg-Si-Ti alloy with synchronous improved tensile properties and hot-cracking resistance was proposed and successfully manufactured by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).The microstructure evolution behaviors and the corresponding strengthening mechanisms were investigated in *** LPBF-processed Al-Cu-Mg-Si-Ti alloy presents a heterogeneous microstructure consisting of ultrafine equiaxed grains(UFGs)at the boundary and coarse columnar grains(CGs)at the center of the single molten ***-precipitated D022-Al 3 Ti particles were found to act as the nuclei to refine the grains at the boundary of the molten pool during solidification process,which is attributed to the low cooling rate providing the sufficient incubation time for the precipitation of D022-Al 3 *** are two orientation relationships(Ors)betweenα-Al and D022-Al 3 Ti,i.e.[001]α-Al//[001]D022-Al3Ti,(200)α-Al//(200)D022-Al3Ti and[1¯1¯2]α-Al//[¯111]D022-Al3Ti,(1¯11)α-Al//(¯11¯2)D022-Al3Ti,which are two of the eight Ors predicted with the E2EM *** grains in present alloy,no matter for UFGs or CG,exhibited high critical hot-cracking stress,which means a strong hot-cracking ***-nanoprecipitation of Cu-,Mg-,and Si-rich Q’and S’phases was introduced to enhance the mechanical performance ofα-Al *** as-built sample exhibits superior tensile properties,with the yield strength(YS)of 473±8 MPa,ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 541±2 MPa and elongation(EI)of 10.9%±1.2%.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion High strength Al-Cu-Mg alloys Duplex microstructure Precipitation Tensile properties

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EnHAnCEMEnT　OF　InTrAMOLECULAr　ExCIMEr　FOrMATIOn　AnD　PHOTODIMErIZATIOn　OF　POLYETHErS　BEArInG　nAPHTHALEnE　chrOMOPHOrES　VIA　COMPLExATIOn　WITH　CATIOnS

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chinese chemical Letters 1995年第2期6卷 113-116页

作者： Tung, ch Wu, LZ Acad Sinica Inst Photog Chem Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

The fluorescence spectra and photodimerization of naphthalene end-laballed poly(ethylene glycol) oligomers (n-Pn-n) in methanol in the prescence of alkali cations have been investigated. The ion enhances or inhibits intramolecular excimer formation and photodimerization of n-Pn-n, depending on the size of the ion and the length of the polyether chain. This observation suggests that the polyether chain binds the ion, thus adopts a crown ether-like conformation.

关键词： VIA chrOMOPHOrES COMPLExATIOn WITH nAPHTHALEnE AnD BEArInG

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Adaptive Signal Enhancement Unit for EEG Analysis in remote Patient Care Monitoring Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1801-1817页

作者： ch.Srinivas K.chandrabhushana rao Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering J.N.T.UniversityKakinada533003India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering JNTUK-UCEVVizianagaram535003India

In this paper we propose an efcient process of physiological artifact elimination methodology from brain waves(BW),which are also commonly known as electroencephalogram(EEG)*** a clinical environment during the acquisition of BW several artifacts contaminates the actual BW *** leads to inaccurate and ambiguous *** the statistical nature of the EEG signal is more non-stationery,adaptive ltering is the more promising method for the process of artifact *** clinical conditions,the conventional adaptive techniques require many numbers of computational operations and leads to data samples overlapping and instability of the algorithm *** causes delay in diagnosis and decision *** overcome this problem in our work we propose to set a threshold value to diminish the problem of round off *** resultant adaptive algorithm based on this strategy is non-linear Least mean square(nL2MS)***,to improve this algorithm in terms of ltering capability we perform data normalization,using this algorithm several hybrid versions are developed to improve ltering and reduce computational *** the method,a new signal enhancement unit(SEU)is realized and performance of various hybrid versions of algorithms examined using real EEG signals recorded from the *** ability of the proposed schemes is measured in terms of convergence,enhancement and multiplications *** various SEUs,the MCn2L 2MS algorithm achieves 14.6734,12.8732,10.9257,15.7790 dB during the artifact removal of rA,EMG,CSA and EBA components with only two ***,this algorithm seems to be better candidate for artifact elimination.

关键词： Adaptive algorithms artifacts brain waves clipped algorithms signal enhancement unit wireless EEG monitoring

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Prevalence of Diabetes and Hypertension on World Diabetes Day 2022 in Guinea

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 1-6页

作者： Mamadou Dian Mamoudou Diallo Mamadou Mansour Diallo Mamadou chérif Diallo Mamadou Alpha Diallo Alpha Mamadou Diallo Mody Abdoulaye Barry Kadija Dieng Abdoul Mazid Diallo El’Hadj Zainoul Bah Kadidiatou Bah Amatoulaye Diallo Amadou Kaké naby Moussa Baldé Oumou Baldé Unité de Diabétologie H&#244pital régional de Labé Labe Guinea Université de Conakry Conakry Guinea Service de Diabétologie CHU Donka Conakry Guinea Fondation de Lutte Contre le diabète et MnT Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are chronic diseases that are on the rise and pose a major public health problem among the priorities of healthcare systems. Objectives: Determine the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension and describe the sociodemographic characteristics of those screened. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study organized during a diabetes and hypertension screening campaign that took place in Conakry and five (05) inland regions on november 14, 2022. results: 2050 people were screened, of whom 33.12% were housewives, the average age was 44.78 ± 16.23 years, and 55.27% were women. The screening sites were the city of Conakry 741 (36.15%), the Labé region 424 (20.68%), the n’Zérékoré region 298 (14.54%), the Faranah region 241 (11.75%), the Mamou region 210 (10.24%) and the Boké region 136 (6.63%). The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension were respectively 12.5% and 43.38% for the Boké region;6.19% and 16.19% for the Mamou region;3.02% and 21.81% for the n’Zérékoré region;31.95% and 13.69% for the Faranah region;9.67% and 20.28% for the Labé region;2.83% and 20.28% for the city of Conakry. Conclusion: Despite the limitations of the study duration, our series highlighted the high prevalence of diabetes and hypertension among people screened on World Diabetes Day 2022. raising public awareness of a healthy lifestyle is essential for the prevention and control of diabetes and hypertension.

关键词： Prevalence Diabetes Hypertension

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Geochemical studies of hybrid granite from Madugulapalli area, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India: Implications for crustal mixing

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第1期42卷 9-23页

作者： nagamma J ratnakar J Ajay kumar A Ashok ch State Mines and Geology Department 508001 NalgondaIndia Department of Geology Osmania University500007 HyderabadIndia CSIr-national Geophysical research Institute 500007 UppalHyderabadIndia

Magma produced by melting of continental crust and mantle at the Archean-Proterozoic boundary are compositionally variable and chemical compositions provide evidence for the mixing of two sources. Understanding the composition of hybrid magma is essential for determining the comparative infl uence of crust and mantle sources during orogenesis. The hybrid granites are less documented in Indian cratons, especially less in Dharwar Craton. Here we present petrographic and whole-rock geochemical data of Madgulapalli granitic rocks situated in the nE part of the Eastern Dharwar Craton(EDC), to elucidate their petrogenesis and role in crust formation. The Madugulapalli granites(MPG) are composed chiefl y of plagioclase, quartz, and alkali feldspar with associated biotite showing alteration and inter-granular textures. Geochemically, they are metaluminous to peraluminous in nature with calc-alkaline hybrid granite. The hybrid granites exhibit both negative and positive europium anomalies;the lower rb/Sr, rb, Sr, and higher Sr/Y,(Dy/Yb)n ratios suggest that the interaction of older rocks with residual garnet source melted at high pressures. We hypothesize that hybrid granites are formed by interaction(e.g., metasomatism, mingling, or mixing) between parental magmas and pre-existing rocks with the infl uence of sanukitoid melts(heat source) in a subduction environment. The genesis of the hybrid granites demonstrates the mixing coupled with diff erentiation in the petrogeny’s residue system in a syn-collision setting followed by continental crust stability in EDC during the neoarchean period.

关键词： Madugulapalli granite Hybrid granite Crustal mixing Subduction

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Contrasting arthropod communities associated with dwarf mistletoes Arceuthobium globosum and A. vaginatum and their host Pinus hartwegii

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Journal of Forestry research 2018年第5期29卷 1351-1364页

作者： León F.chávez-Salcedo Mónica E.Queijeiro-Bolanos Víctor López-Gómez Zenón Cano-Santana Blanca E.Mejía-recamier Aurea Mojica-Guzmán Laboratorio de Interacciones y Procesos Ecologicos Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Moico Av.Universidad 3000 04510 Mexico City Mexico Laboratorio de Ecología y Sistemática de Microartr dpodos Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de M4xico Av.Universidad 3000 04510 Mexico City Mexico Instituto de Biologia Universidad Nacional Autdnoma de Mexico Av. Universidad 3000 04510 Mexico City Mexico Departamento de Ecologia Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Autdnoma de Quer6taro Av.de las Ciencias s/n 76230 Queretaro Queretaro Mexico

Arthropod communities and epiphytic plants associated with tree canopies have been widely studied and have revealed a great diversity of organisms; however,the community hosted by parasitic plants,such as dwarf mistletoes,remains poorly *** the coniferous forests of north America,dwarf mistletoe infection（Arceuthobium spp.） significantly damages the health of the forest,causing large financial losses for the forest industry,but it also positively affects diversity,especially of mammals and *** study examined the attributes of the arthropod communities associated with two species of dwarf mistletoe [Arceuthobium globosum Hawksw.＆ Wiens and ***（Humb.＆ *** Willd.） ***] and their host Pinus hartwegii *** 2010,in five sites located in Zoquiapan（Central Mexico）,we collected plant tissue from the three species *** were separated from the plant tissue and identified to the finest level *** collected 32,059 individuals,for which51 morphospecies were identified,belonging to 15 taxonomic orders; the most abundant orders for the three plants were Prostigmata,Thysanoptera and *** community associated with *** had the highest value of diversity（H＇= 1.47; ***,H＇= 0.64; ***,H＇= 0.68） and species richness（S = 40; ***,S = 30; ***,S = 35）; while abundance was significantly higher for the mistletoes（***,n = 407 individuals/sample; ***,n = 536 individuals/sample; ***,n = 134 individuals/sample）.Species richness,abundance and diversity were significantly different for the three studied plants,as well for sampling month and the interaction of these two factors（except for diversity）.The results suggest that the canopy of *** is an important element in the ecosystem,providing a mosaic of resources and conditions to the associated *** also propose that mistletoes are key species within the forest canopy,as they greatly influence the establishment of d

关键词： Arceuthobium spp Pinus hartwegii Arthropod community Thrips Mites Hemiparasitic plants

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Zagreb indices of graphs

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Frontiers of Mathematics in china 2015年第3期10卷 567-582页

作者： Kinkar ch. DAS Kexiang xU Junki nAM Department of Mathematics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea College of Science Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Nanjing 210016China

The first Zagreb index M1 （G） is equal to the sum of squares of the degrees of the vertices, and the second Zagreb index M2 （G） is equal to the sum of the products of the degrees of pairs of adjacent vertices of the underlying molecular graph G. In this paper, we obtain lower and upper bounds on the first Zagreb index MI（G） of G in terms of the number of vertices （n）, number of edges （m）, maximum vertex degree （△）, and minimum vertex degree （δ）. Using this result, we find lower and upper bounds on M2（G）. Also, we present lower and upper bounds on M2（G）＋ M2（G） in terms of n, m, △, and δ, where denotes the complement of G. Moreover, we determine the bounds on first Zagreb coindex MI（G） and second Zagreb coindex M2（G）. Finally, we give a relation between the first Zagreb index and the second Zagreb index of graph G.

关键词： Graph first Zagreb index index inverse degree second Zagreb index narumi-Katayama

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Kinetic Instability of Anisotropic Drift Wave Accompanied by Field Aligned Currents in Solar Coronal Loop

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第10期70卷 470-476页

作者： Hafsa naim ch.Uzma G.Murtaza Salam chair Department of Physics GC University

Solar coronal loops are frequently accompanied by the field-aligned currents, which drive instabilities if the drift velocity u0 > v A the Alfv′en velocity. For our choice of parameters, the critical threshold value of u0/v A is ～ 3.0 for growth and the corresponding current filling factor ～ 10-3-10-4. Below this value we are no longer in the kinetic *** coronal loops also have short-scale density gradients within each loop. The electron resonance in the presence of density gradient causes the drift mode to grow. We study the effect of these two free energy sources, the electron drift and the density gradient, in the presence of temperature anisotropy T⊥_α > T∥_α. These effects simultaneously exist in the coronae. Using gyrokinetic theory, we investigate the influence of these effects, examine how they interplay with each other and study the consequent growth of the magnetosonic wave. We observe that kinetic instability driven by density gradient can be suppressed by field-aligned currents. The temperature anisotropy with chosen signatures causes further stabilizing effect. The results may prove useful to study the heating mechanism of solar coronal loops, acceleration of particles and confinement of particles in the thermonuclear reactors.

关键词： solar corona coronal loops temperature anisotropy density inhomogeneity field-aligned currents gyrokinetic

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