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Optimizing electronic structure through point defect engineering for enhanced electrocatalytic energy conversion

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 109-131页

作者： Wei Ma Jiahao Yao Fang xie xinqi wang Hao Wan xiangjian Shen Lili Zhang Menggai Jiao Zhen Zhou Interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Science and Engineering(IRC4SE2) School of Chemical EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityHenan450001China

Point defect engineering endows catalysts with novel physical and chemical properties,elevating their electrocatalytic *** introduction of defects emerges as a promising strategy,effectively modifying the electronic structure of active *** optimization influences the adsorption energy of intermediates,thereby mitigating reaction energy barriers,altering paths,enhancing selectivity,and ultimately improving the catalytic efficiency of *** elucidate the impact of defects on the electrocatalytic process,we comprehensively outline the roles of various point defects,their synthetic methodologies,and characterization ***,we consolidate insights into the relationship between point defects and catalytic activity for hydrogen/oxygen evolution and CO_(2)/O_(2)/n_(2) reduction reactions by integrating mechanisms from diverse *** underscores the pivotal role of point defects in enhancing catalytic *** last,the principal challenges and prospects associated with point defects in current electrocatalysts are proposed,emphasizing their role in advancing the efficiency of electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials.

关键词： Point defect engineering Doping Vacancy Electrocatalysis Electronic structure

Olfactory receptors in neural regeneration in the central nervous system

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2480-2494页

作者： Rafael Franco Claudia Garrigós Toni Capó Joan Serrano-Marín Rafael Rivas-Santisteban Jaume Lillo Molecular neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Ciberned network Center for Biomedical Research in neurodegenerative Diseases Spanish National Health Institute Carlos ⅢMadridSpain School of Chemistry Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Physiology School of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Laboratory of Computational Medicine Biostatistics UnitFaculty of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaCampus BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Olfactory receptors are crucial for detecting odors and play a vital role in our sense of smell,influencing behaviors from food choices to emotional *** receptors also contribute to our perception of flavor and have potential applications in medical diagnostics and environmental *** ability of the olfactory system to regenerate its sensory neurons provides a unique model to study neural regeneration,a phenomenon largely absent in the central nervous *** gained from how olfactory neurons continuously replace themselves and reestablish functional connections can provide strategies to promote similar regenerative processes in the central nervous system,where damage often results in permanent *** the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning olfactory neuron regeneration could pave the way for developing therapeutic approaches to treat spinal co rd injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's *** ctory receptors are found in almost any cell of eve ry orga n/tissue of the mammalian *** ectopic expression provides insights into the chemical structures that can activate olfactory *** addition to odors,olfactory receptors in ectopic expression may respond to endogenous compounds and molecules produced by mucosal colonizing *** analysis of the function of olfactory receptors in ectopic expression provides valuable information on the signaling pathway engaged upon receptor activation and the receptor's role in proliferation and cell differentiation *** review explo res the ectopic expression of olfa ctory receptors and the role they may play in neural regeneration within the central nervous system,with particular attention to compounds that can activate these receptors to initiate regenerative *** suggests that olfactory receptors could serve as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing neural repair and recovery following central nervous syste

关键词： adenosine receptors adrenergic receptors ectopic expression G proteincoupled receptors glia neurons

Improving Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance in a Fe–18Cr–17Mn–2Mo–0.85n Austenitic Stainless Steel Through Grain Boundary Character Distribution Optimization

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2022年第11期35卷 1849-1861页

作者： F.Shi L.Yan J.Hu L.F.wang T.Z.Li W.Li x.J.Guan C.M.Liu x.W.Li Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The grain boundary character distribution(GBCD) optimization and its effect on the intergranular stress corrosion cracking(IGSCC) resistance in a cold-rolled and subsequently annealed Fe-18 Cr-17 Mn-2 Mo-0.85 n high-nitrogen nickel-free austenitic stainless steel were systematically *** results show that stacking faults and planar slip bands appearing at the right amount of deformation(lower than 10%) are beneficial cold-rolled microstructures to the GBCD *** proportion of special boundaries gradually increases in the subsequent stages of recrystallization and grain growth,accompanying with the growth of twin-related domain in the experimental *** this way,the fraction of low ∑ coincidence site lattice(CSL) boundaries can reach as high as 82.85% for the specimen cold-rolled by 5% and then annealed at 1423 K for 72 *** GBCD optimization,low ∑ CSL boundaries and the special triple junctions(J2,J3) of high proportion can greatly hinder the nitride precipitation along grain boundaries and enhance the capability for intergranular crack arrest,thus improving the IGSCC resistance of the experimental steel.

关键词： High-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel Grain boundary character distribution Coincidence site lattice(CSL)grain boundary Electron backscatter diff raction(EBSD) Intergranular stress corrosion cracking

Multilevel atomic Ramsey interferometry for precise parameter estimations

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第12期30卷 321-328页

作者： x n Feng L F Wei Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Metrology and Sensing&School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen University(Zhuhai Campus)Zhuhai 519082China Information Quantum Technology Laboratory School of Information Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Multi-path(or multi-mode)entanglement has been proved to be a useful resource for sub-shot-noise sensitivity of phase estimation,which has aroused much research interest in quantum metrology *** schemes of multi-path interferometers based on optical systems have been put ***,we study a multi-state interferometer with multilevel atoms by projective ***,we investigate its ultimate sensitivity described by quantum Fisher information theory and find that the Cramer-Rao bound can be *** particular,we investigate a specific scheme to improve the sensitivity of magnetometery with a three-state interferometry delivered by a single nitrogen-vacancy(nV)center of diamond with tailor *** impacts of imperfections of the atomic beam-splitter,described by the three-level quantum Fourier transform,on the sensitivity of phase estimation is also discussed.

关键词： quantum metrology multi-path interferometers quantum measurement

High strength Al-Cu-Mg based alloy with synchronous improved tensile properties and hot-cracking resistance suitable for laser powder b e d fusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第10期141卷 155-170页

作者： Q.Z.wang n.Kang x.Lin M.EL Mansori W.D.Huang State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Arts et Metiers Institute of Technology MSMPHESAM UniversitéChâlons-en-Champagne F-51006France Key Laboratory of Metal High Performance Additive Manufacturing and Innovative Design MIIT ChinaNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station Institute for Manufacturing SystemsCollege StationTX 77843USA

In present work,a novel crack-free Al-Cu-Mg-Si-Ti alloy with synchronous improved tensile properties and hot-cracking resistance was proposed and successfully manufactured by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).The microstructure evolution behaviors and the corresponding strengthening mechanisms were investigated in *** LPBF-processed Al-Cu-Mg-Si-Ti alloy presents a heterogeneous microstructure consisting of ultrafine equiaxed grains(UFGs)at the boundary and coarse columnar grains(CGs)at the center of the single molten ***-precipitated D022-Al 3 Ti particles were found to act as the nuclei to refine the grains at the boundary of the molten pool during solidification process,which is attributed to the low cooling rate providing the sufficient incubation time for the precipitation of D022-Al 3 *** are two orientation relationships(ORs)betweenα-Al and D022-Al 3 Ti,i.e.[001]α-Al//[001]D022-Al3Ti,(200)α-Al//(200)D022-Al3Ti and[1¯1¯2]α-Al//[¯111]D022-Al3Ti,(1¯11)α-Al//(¯11¯2)D022-Al3Ti,which are two of the eight ORs predicted with the E2EM *** grains in present alloy,no matter for UFGs or CG,exhibited high critical hot-cracking stress,which means a strong hot-cracking ***-nanoprecipitation of Cu-,Mg-,and Si-rich Q’and S’phases was introduced to enhance the mechanical performance ofα-Al *** as-built sample exhibits superior tensile properties,with the yield strength(YS)of 473±8 MPa,ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 541±2 MPa and elongation(EI)of 10.9%±1.2%.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion High strength Al-Cu-Mg alloys Duplex microstructure Precipitation Tensile properties

Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson nicole Swiadek xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tnGCs). However, the use of tnGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tnGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tnGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tnGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tnGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tnGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tnGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tnGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tnGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and neuromodulation techniques:a systematic review of progress and prospects

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2218-2230页

作者： Rahul Mittal Keelin McKenna Grant Keith Evan McKenna Joana R.n.Lemos Jeenu Mittal Khemraj Hirani Diabetes Research Institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA School of Medicine and Public Health University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA

neuromodulation for diabetic peripheral neuropathy represents a significant area of interest in the management of chronic pain associated with this *** peripheral neuropathy,a common complication of diabetes,is characterized by nerve damage due to high blood sugar levels that lead to symptoms,such as pain,tingling,and numbness,primarily in the hands and *** aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of neuromodulatory techniques as potential therapeutic interventions for patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy,while also examining recent developments in this *** investigation encompassed an array of neuromodulation methods,including frequency rhythmic electrical modulated systems,dorsal root ganglion stimulation,and spinal cord *** systematic review suggests that neuromodulatory techniques may be useful in the treatment of diabetic peripheral *** the advantages of these treatments will enable physicians and other healthcare providers to offer additional options for patients with symptoms refractory to standard pharmacologic *** these efforts,we may improve quality of life and increase functional capacity in patients suffering from complications related to diabetic neuropathy.

关键词： diabetes mellitus diabetic peripheral neuropathy neuromodulation neurostimulation therapy non-pharmacological treatment pain management

Full privacy preserving electronic voting scheme

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2012年第4期19卷 86-93页

作者： PAnG Lei SUn Mao-hua LUO Shou-shan wang Bai x1n Yang School of Computer Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China national Engineering Laboratory for Disaster Backup and Recovery Beijing 100876 China Beijing Safe-Code Technology Company Limited Beijing 100082 China

Privacy is an important issue in electronic voting. The concept of ＇full privacy＇ in electronic voting was firstly proposed, not only the privacy of voters is concerned, but also the candidates＇. Privacy preserving electronic election architecture without any trusted third party is presented and a general technique for k-out-of-m election based on distributed E1Gamal encryption and mix-match is also provided. The voters can compute the result by themselves without disclosing their will and the vote of the losing candidates. Moreover, whether the vote of winner candidate is more than a half can be verified directly. This scheme satisfies ＇vote and go＇ pattern and achieves full privacy. The correctness and security are also analyzed.

关键词： electronic voting full privacy secure multi-party computation cryptography

Oxygen and nitrogen Effects on MC Carbide in K465 nickel-Base Superalloy

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稀有金属材料与工程 2009年第A3期38卷 13-16页

作者： wang L n Zheng Q Sun x F Guan H R Hu Z Q Institute of Metals Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110015 China

Effects of oxygen and nitrogen on MC carbide in nickel-base superalloy K465 were investigated, because neither of the two gas elements was found to decide MC carbide morphology monotonically. The morphology of MC carbide under alloy solidified in conventional investment casting condition was observed to transform from script-type to block-type with the total oxygen and nitrogen content (gas content) in samples rising up from 1.2×10-6 mol/g to 2.6×10-6 mol/g. The area fraction and composition of the MC carbide also varied with increase of gas content. However, the morphology of MC carbide kept to be script-type even when gas content was up to 3.4×10-6 mol/g in samples solidified with a much higher cooling rate. These results indicate that effects of gas content on formation of MC carbide can be observed in specimens solidified with low cooling rate, but such changes in MC carbide cannot be found when the cooling rate is high.

关键词：氧碳化物氮含量物理性能碳化物