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Chinese-version Bt Cotton: How to Get the Benefi ts from IPR

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分子植物育种 2007年第2期5卷 296-297页

作者： x.j. Fang HITAR Consultancy in CropScience Beijing 100080 China

Chinese scientists started to fully synthesize the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry1A gene in 1991. By the end of 1992, Biotechnology Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (BRI-CAAS) success-

关键词：中国生物技术农业科学黄萎病镰刀霉棉花

A pathway to improve low-cycle fatigue life of face-centered cubic metals via grain boundary engineering

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第18期113卷 82-89页

作者： x.j.Guan Z.P.jia S.M.Liang F.Shi x.W.Li Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

To probe a pathway to improve the low-cycle fatigue life of face-centered cubic(FCC)metals via grain boundary engineering(GBE),the tension-tension fatigue tests were carried out on the non-GBE and GBE Cu-16 at.%Al alloys at relatively high stress *** results indicate that the cyclic strain localiza-tion and cracking at grain boundaries(GBs)can be effectively suppressed,especially at increased stress amplitude,by an appropriate GBE treatment that can result in a higher resistance to GB cracking and a greater capability of compatible ***,the sensitivity of fatigue life to stress amplitude can be weakened by GBE,and the low-cycle fatigue life of Cu-16 at.%Al alloys is thus distinctly improved.

关键词： Cu-Al alloy Grain boundary engineering Fatigue life Crack nucleation Stress amplitude

Guided Waves in the Multilayered One-Dimensional Hexagonal Quasi-crystal Plates

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2021年第1期34卷 91-103页

作者： B.Zhang j.G.Yu x.M.Zhang x.H.wang School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454003China

Guided waves in the multilayered one-dimensional quasi-crystal plates are,respectively,investigated in the context of the Bak and elasto-hydrodynamic *** curves and phonon and phason displacements are calculated using the Legendre polynomial *** characteristics in the context of these two models are analyzed in *** show that the phonon-phason coupling effects on the first two layers are the same at low frequencies;but,they are more significant on the first layer than those on the second layer at high *** obtained results lay the theoretical basis of guided-wave nondestructive test on multilayered quasi-crystal plates.

关键词： Multilayered structures Quasi-crystal plate Guided wave Phonon-phason coupling effect

Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari jennifer C.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref Kevin K.wang j.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

THE INVESTIGATION ON THE RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF SEMI-SOLID ALUMINUM ALLOY DURING DIE CASTING

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2002年第6期15卷 511-516页

作者： x.j. Yang and j.Liu School of Mechanic & Electronic Engineering, Nanchang University, jiangxi 330029, China School of Mechanic & Electronic Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China Sch. of Mech. and Electron. Eng. Nanchang Univ. Nanchang 330029 China Sch. of Mech. and Electron. Eng. Shanghai Univ. Shanghai 200072 China

Under the condition of die casting and reheating temperature of 570-580 degC, the rheological behavior of semi-solid aluminum alloy (A356) is pseudoplasticity at the shearrate of 2x10^-1x10^4s^(-1), and also shows dil... 详细信息

关键词： shear rate apparent viscosity viscosity model thixocasting

THE SEEPAGE CHARACTERISTICS OF HETEROGENEOUS BODY WITH DIFFERENT SPREADING SOLUTION MODES AND ITS APPLICATIONS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2007年第5期20卷 363-372页

作者： H.j. wang A.x. Wu x.S. Chen j. Zhang Civil ＆ Environment Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China

As the dump was a typically heterogeneous body, the seepage was different with varied spreading solution modes. The phenomenon of lamination that occured in the site was simulated using three layers in an indoor experiment, and the seepage effect comparison experiment of the inside spreading solution model and the top spreading solution model have been carried out. In the inside spreading solution mode, the phreatic planar flew without infiltration and the parallel layer motion model was used to calculate the seepage coefficient and equivalent seepage coefficient of each state respectively. In the top spreading solution model, the phreatic planar flew with an even infiltration on the surface, and the vertical layer motion model was adopted to calculate the above coefficient. The results showed that the seepage coefficient of the inside model was larger than the top model in the heterogeneous body, The ratio of them was between 1.42 and 3.07. On the basis of these results, the following new technologies were discussed： installing a few small diameter mechanical pore sand piles with every lamination in the using dump; drilling some holes one-off in the unused dump. These two methods could changed the top spreading solution into the inside model, thus the seepage in the dump was improved.

关键词： heterogeneous body top spreading solution inside spreading solution sand pile drawing-injection drill

Deformation kinking and highly localized nanocrystallization in metastableβ-Ti alloys using cold forging

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第25期120卷 53-64页

作者： Keer Li W.Chen G.x.Yu j.Y.Zhang S.W.xin j.x.Liu x.x.wang j.Sun State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research Xi’an 710016China Baoji Titanium Industry Co. Ltd.Baoji 721014China

Deformation kinking as an uncommon plastic deformation mechanism has been reported in several materials while the relevant microstructure evolution and grain refinement behavior at a large strain remain unclear so *** this study,the issue was systematically investigated by utilizing cold forging to impose severe plastic deformation(SPD)on Ti-11 V metastableβ-Ti *** is found that the formation of kink bands experiences dislocation gliding,pre-kinking and the ripening of pre-kinks in *** kink bands are subsequently thickened through the coalescence of multiple kink bands in a manner of high *** dislocation slip is developed as a dominant deformation mechanism when deformation kinking is *** resulting grain refinement involves transverse breakdown and longitudinal splitting of dislocation walls and cells,which fragment kink bands into smallβ-*** refinement of theβ-blocks is still governed by dislocation activities,and finally nanograins with a diameter of~15 nm are produced at a large strain of ***,it is revealed that nanocrystallization is highly localized inside kink bands while the outer microstructure maintains original coarse *** localized refinement characterization is ascribed to the intrinsic soft nature of kink bands,shown as low hardness in nanoindentation *** intrinsic softening of kink bands is uncovered to originate from the inner degraded dislocation density evidenced by both experimental measurement and theoretical *** findings enrich fundamental understanding of deformation kinking,and shed some light on exploring the deformation accommodation mechanisms for metal materials at large strains.

关键词： Metastableβ-Ti alloys Deformation kinking Microstructural evolution Grain refinement Dislocations

Selective G6PDH inactivation for Helicobacter pylori eradication with transformed polysulfide

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： xiaonan wang Ning Zhou xuejiao j.Gao Zijing Zhu Minmin Sun Qian wang Haolin Cao xuetong Wu Caiyu Zhou Qingkang Zheng Ye Yuan Yuan Liu Lei Chen jing jiang Pengcheng Bu Lizeng Gao CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science

Alternative treatment for the highly prevalent Helicobacter pylori infection is imperative due to rising antibiotic resistance. We unexpectedly discovered that the anti-H. pylori component in garlic is hydrogen polysulfide（H2S_n, n≥2）, not organic polysulfides. Studies on the mechanism of action（MoA） show that H2S_nspecifically inactivates H. pylori glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase（G6PDH） by interfering with electron transfer from glucose-6-phosphate（G6P） to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate（NADP+）. However, low H2S_nyield makes garlic derivatives hard to be a reliable donor of H2S_nto treat H. pylori infection. To address this challenge, we established a polysulfide transformation process from garlic organosulfur compounds into Fe3S4that generates H2S_nwith a 25–58 times increase in *** chitosan encapsulation, we designed a gastric-adaptive H2S_nmicroreactor（GAPSR） that eradicates H. pylori with 250 times higher efficiency under gastric conditions. A single GAPSR achieves more rapid H. pylori eradication than combined antibiotics therapy without disturbing the gut microbiota. These findings indicate a distinct MoA transformation mediated by polysulfide as an alternative candidate to treat H. pylori infection.

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Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher j.O’Connell Matthew j.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA james L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic