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The cytosolic isoform of triosephosphate isomerase,ZmTPI4,is required for kernel development and starch synthesis in maize(Zea mays l.)

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 401-410页

作者： Wenyu li Han wang Qiuyue x. long Zhang Yan wang Yongbiao Yu x.angkun Guo Zhiwei Zhang Yongbin Dong Yuling li State Key laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain CropsCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityLongzi Lake CampusZhengzhou 450046HenanChina

Triosephosphate isomerase(TPI)is an enzyme that functions in plant energy production,accumulation,and *** understand its function in maize,we characterized a maize TPI mutant,*** comparison to the wild type,zmtpi4 mutants showed altered ear development,reduced kernel weight and starch content,modified starch granule morphology,and altered amylose and amylopectin ***,ATP,and pyruvate contents were reduced,indicating ZmTPI4 was involved in *** subcellular localization confirmed ZmTPI4 as a cytosolic rather than a plastid isoform of TPI,the zmtpi4 mutant showed reduced leaf size and chlorophyll *** of ZmTPI4 in Arabidopsis led to enlarged leaves and increased seed weight,suggesting a positive regulatory role of ZmTPI4 in kernel weight and starch *** conclude that ZmTPI4 functions in maize kernel development,starch synthesis,glycolysis,and photosynthesis.

关键词： Maize Kernel Starch Weight Photosynthesis

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轻质铝基熵合金:概述与未来趋势

Science China Materials 2024年第1期67卷 31-46页

作者：崔立莹张展陈晓光 Department of Applied Science University of Quebec at Chicoutimi555boulevard de l’UniversiteSaguenay G7H 2B1QCCanada

新一代合金——高熵合金的出现,揭示了熵效应在合金设计中的重要意义.受这一概念的启发,轻质铝基熵合金这一概念被提出.随着对低密度结构材料的需求不断增加,这些新型合金在各种应用中具有巨大的潜力.本文综述了轻质铝基熵合金的发展背... 详细信息

新一代合金——高熵合金的出现,揭示了熵效应在合金设计中的重要意义.受这一概念的启发,轻质铝基熵合金这一概念被提出.随着对低密度结构材料的需求不断增加,这些新型合金在各种应用中具有巨大的潜力.本文综述了轻质铝基熵合金的发展背景、设计原理、制造方法、微观结构和力学性能、高温应用,及其发展前景.通过对当前研究的全面调查,本文重点研究分析了122种密度低于4.0 g cm-3的铝基熵合金.轻质铝基熵合金可以弥补传统铝和钛合金在机械性能和密度方面的差距.轻质铝基熵合金优异的热稳定性使其有望成为在高温下使用的结构材料.此外,本文还讨论了轻质铝基熵合金领域的未来发展趋势.机器学习作为有效计算工具,可以极大地提高合金的开发效率.

关键词：高温应用合金设计新型合金机器学习铝基计算工具高熵合金微观结构

The reformation of catalyst:From a trial-and-error synthesis to rational design

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3261-3301页

作者： ligang wang Jiabin Wu Shunwu wang Huan liu Yao wang Dingsheng wang Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The appropriate catalysts can accelerate the reaction rate and effectively boost the efficient conversion of various molecules,which is of great importance in the study of chemistry,chemical industry,energy,materials and environmental ***,efficient,environmentally friendly,and easy to operate synthesis methods have been used to prepare various types of *** previous studies have reported the synthesis and characterization of the aforementioned catalysts,more still remain in trial and error methods,without in-depth consideration and improvement of traditional synthesis ***,we comprehensively summarize and compare the preparation methods of the trial-and-error synthesis strategy,structure–activity relationships and density functional theory(DFT)guided catalysts rational design for nanomaterials and atomically dispersed *** also discuss in detail the utilization of the nanomaterials and single atom catalysts for converting small molecules(H_(2)O,O_(2),CO_(2),N_(2),etc.)into value-added products driven by electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and ***,the challenges and outlooks of mass preparation and production of efficient and green catalysts through conventional trial and error synthesis and DFT theory are featured in accordance with its current development.

关键词： trial-and-error synthesis structure–activity relationships density functional theory(DFT)guidance nanomaterials atomically dispersed catalysts

Ex.erimental measurements of gamma-photon production and estimation of electron/positron production on the PETAl laser facility

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Matter and Radiation at Ex.remes 2024年第5期9卷 32-47页

作者： F.Brun l.Ribotte G.Boutoux.x.Davoine P.E.Masson-laborde Y.Sentoku N.Iwata N.Blanchot D.Batani I.lantuéjoul l.lecherbourg B.Rosse C.Rousseaux.B.Vauzour D.Raffestin E.D’Humières x.Ribeyre Centre lasers Intenses et Applications UMR 5107Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMCESTAF-33116 Le BarpFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance CEA LMCEUniversitéParis-Saclay91680 Bruyères-le-ChâtelFrance Institute of laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

This article reports the first measurements of high-energy photons produced with the high-intensity PETawatt Aquitaine laser(PETAl)*** ex.eriments were performed during the commissioning of the *** laser had an energy of about 400 J,an intensity of 8×10^(18)W cm^(−2),and a pulse duration of 660 fs(FWHM).It was shot at a 2 mm-thick solid tungsten *** high-energy photons were produced mainly from the bremsstrahlung process for relativistic electrons accelerated inside a plasma generated on the front side of the *** paper reports measurements of electrons,protons and *** electrons up to35 MeV with a few-MeV temperature were recorded by a spectrometer,called SESAME(SpectreÉlectronS Angulaire MoyenneÉnergie).K-and l-shells were clearly detected by a photon spectrometer called SPECTIx.Spectromètre PetalàCristal en TransmIssion pour le rayonnnement x..High-energy photons were diagnosed by CRACC-x.Cassette de RAdiographie Centre Chambre-rayonnement x.,a bremsstrahlung *** cannon analysis is strongly dependent on the hypothesis adopted for the spectral *** shapes can ex.ibit similar reproductions of the ex.erimental *** eliminate dependence on the shape hypothesis and to facilitate analysis of the data,simulations of the interaction were *** model the mechanisms involved,a simulation chain including hydrodynamic,particle-in-cell,and Monte Carlo simulations was *** simulations model the preplasma generated at the front of the target by the PETAl laser prepulse,the acceleration of electrons inside the plasma,the generation of MeV-range photons from these electrons,and the response of the detector impacted by the energetic photon *** this work enabled reproduction of the ex.erimental *** high-energy photons produced have a large emission angle and an ex.onential distribution *** addition to the analysis of the photon spectra,positron production was also ***,if high

关键词： process. positron hypothesis

In situ Hydrothermal Ox.dation of Ternary FeCoNi Alloy Electrode for Overall Water Splitting

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 161-170页

作者： Yuwei Chen lix.a Yang Chao li Yuqiu Wu x.ao lν Hairen wang Jun'e Qu Key laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Faculty of Material science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Ex.loring noble metal-free catalyst materials for high efficient electrochemical water splitting to produce hydrogen is strongly desired for renewable energy *** this article,a novel bifunctional catalytic electrode of insitu-grown type for alkaline water splitting based on FeCoNi alloy substrate has been successfully prepared via a facile one-step hydrothermal ox.dation route in an alkaline hydrogen perox.de *** shows that the matrix.alloy with the atom ratio 4∶3∶3 of Fe∶Co∶Ni can obtain the best catalytic performance when hydrothermally treated at 180℃for 18 h in the solution containing 1.8 M hydrogen perox.de and 3.6 M sodium *** as-prepared Fe_(0.4)Co_(0.3)Ni_(0.3)-1.8 electrode ex.ibits small overpotentials of only 184 and 175 mV at electrolysis current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)for alkaline OER and HER processes,*** overall water splitting at electrolysis current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)can be stably delivered at a low cell voltage of 1.62 *** characteristics including the large specific surface area,the high surface nickel content,the abundant catalyst species,the balanced distribution between bivalent and trivalent metal ions,and the strong binding of in-situ naturally growed catalytic layer to matrix.are responsible for the prominent catalytic performance of the Fe_(0.4)Co_(0.3)Ni_(0.3)-1.8 electrode,which can act as a possible replacement for ex.ensive noble metal-based materials.

关键词： alkaline water electrolysis bifunctional electrocatalyst FeCoNi alloy hydrothermal ox.dation in-situ growing

Multiple interface coupling on natural tourmaline enables high-efficiency removal of antibiotic:Superior property and mechanism

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 242-254页

作者： Jingjing Cui x.angyu liu Feifan Qie Chengzhe x.e Qingdong He Jian liu Steven l.Suib Wenbo wang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China Department of Chemistry University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269-3060United States

Reasonably designing highly active,environmentally friendly,and cost-effective catalysts for efficient elimination of pollutants from water is desirable but ***,an efficient heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst tourmaline(TM)/tungsten ox.de(WO_(3-x.)(named TW10)containing tungsten/boron/iron(W/B/Fe)synergistic active centers and 90%of cheap natural tourmaline(TM)mineral rich in Fe and B *** TW10 catalyst can quickly activate perox.monosulfate(PMS)to generate massive active free radicals,which may induce the rapid and efficient degradation of tetracycline(TC).The TW10/PMS/Visible light system can effectively degrade up to 98.7%of tetracycline(TC)in actual waters(***,Yellow River,and Yangtze River water),and the catalytic degradation rates reach 1.65,5.569,and 2.38 times higher than those of TM,WO_(3-x.,and commercial P25(Degussa,Germany),*** addition,the catalyst can be recycled and reused multiple *** spin resonance spectroscopy(EPR),x.ray photoelectron spectroscopy(x.S),and liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer(lC-MS)analyses confirm that the synergistic catalytic effect of W/B/Fe sites on the TW10 catalyst accelerates the electron transfer between Fe(Ⅱ)and Fe(Ⅲ),as well as between W(Ⅴ)and W(Ⅵ),and thus promotes the rapid degradation of *** catalytic reaction mechanism and degradation pathway of TC were *** work provides a feasible route for the design and development of new eco-friendly and efficient catalyst.

关键词： Tourmaline(TM) Fenton-like catalyst Tungsten ox.de Perox.monosulfate Antibiotic

Competitive interactions and coex.stence of sympatric flagship carnivores in Asia

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 183-199页

作者： Zhilin lI Jiayu lU x.aoyi SHI li’an DUO James l.D.SMITH Tianming wang Tianjin Key laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity College of Life SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina Department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Ministry of Education Key laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key laboratory for Conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and leopard BeijingChina

Understanding the competition and coex.stence of flagship carnivores is key to creating strategies for their conservation in the face of global carnivore *** studies ex.loring the dynamics and competition between tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(***)span decades,there is a lack of understanding regarding the factors that influence their coex.stence mechanisms on a broad scale,as well as the drivers determining their ex.loitative and interference *** gathered a comprehensive list of research papers among which 36 papers ex.lored the interspecific interactions between tigers and leopards and tested the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the coex.stence mechanisms along three dimensions using multiple response variables regression models;we also tested the influence of ecological drivers determining the ex.loitative or interference competition between tigers and *** and ungulate density were the most important predictors in regulating the coex.stence *** and leopards ex.ibited more positive relations/higher overlaps as elevation increased in the spatial *** addition,they showed a higher dietary overlap in the prey-rich *** determined that interference competition between tigers and leopards was less frequently observed in habitats with dense tree cover and homogeneous vegetation ***,studies with multiple metrics would promote the detection of interference *** study provides new insight into the competitive interactions and coex.stence mechanisms of tigers and leopards on a broad ***-makers and managers should pay more attention to the factors of elevation,prey abundance,and habitat structures for the conservation of tigers and leopards.

关键词： carnivores coex.stence mechanisms competitive interactions ex.loitative competition interference competition

Effect of Solidification Condition and Carbon Content on the Morphology of MC Carbide in Directionally Solidified Nickel-base Superalloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第12期30卷 1296-1300页

作者： x.W.li l.wang J.S.Dong l.H.lou Superalloys Division Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Evolution of the morphology of MC carbides with the change of cooling rate and carbon content in two kinds of nickel-base superalloys, K417 G and DD33, has been investigated. The morphology of MC carbides evolves from faceted to script-like with increasing cooling rate. Varying the carbon content from 40x.0-6 to 320x.0-6, the morphology of carbides changes from blocky, rod-like into script-like. Scanning electron microscopy observation of deep-etched samples indicates that these carbides evolve from octahedral to dendritic and then into welldeveloped dendrites accordingly in a three-dimensional manner. The morphology evolution is discussed from the viewpoint of the preferential growth orientation of fcc crystals and the carbide growth rate during directional solidification.

关键词： Carbides morphology Directional solidification Three-dimensional microstructure Nickel-base superalloys

Endoplasmic reticulum-targeted delivery of celastrol and PD-l1 siRNA for reinforcing immunogenic cell death and potentiating cancer immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3643-3660页

作者： Jie wang Zilong Zhang Yan Zhuo Zhuan Zhang Rongrong Chen li liang x.aohe Jiang Di Nie Chang liu Zhiwen Zou x.ang li Jiax.n li Bingqi wang Rui wang Yong Gan Miaorong Yu School of Pharmacy Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China State Key laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China Jiangx. Medical College Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006China School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China NMPA Key laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Ex.ipients National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlBeijing 100050China

The prospect of employing chemoimmunotherapy targeted towards the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)presents an opportunity to amplify the synergistic effects of chemotherapy and *** this study,we initially validated celastrol(CEl)as an inducer of immunogenic cell death(ICD)by promoting ER stress and autophagy in colorectal cancer(CRC)***,an ER-targeted strategy was posited,involving the codelivery of CEl with PD-l1 small interfering RNAs(siRNA)using KDEl peptide-modified ex.somes derived from milk(KME),to enhance chemoimmunotherapy *** findings demonstrate the efficient transportation of KME to the ER via the Golgi-to-ER *** to their non-targeting counterparts,KME ex.ibited a significant augmentation of the CEl-induced ICD ***,it facilitated the release of danger signaling molecules(DAMPs),thereby stimulating the antigen-presenting function of dendritic cells and promoting the infiltration of T cells into the ***,the ER-targeted delivery of PD-l1 siRNA resulted in the downregulation of both intracellular and membrane PD-l1 protein ex.ression,consequently fostering the proliferation and activity of CD8^(+)T ***,the ER-targeted formulation ex.ibited enhanced anti-tumor efficacy and provoked anti-tumor immune responses against orthotopic colorectal tumors in ***,a robust ER-targeted delivery strategy provides an encouraging approach for achieving potent cancer chemoimmunotherapy.

关键词： Chemoimmunotherapy Targeted drug delivery Endoplasmic reticulum Endoplasmic reticulum stress Immunogenic cell death siRNA Chemoimmunotherapy Targeted drug delivery Endoplasmic reticulum Endoplasmic reticulum stress Immunogenic cell death siRNA