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Driving factors behind multiple populations

Science China(Phy.ics,Mechanics & Astronomy. 2024年第5期67卷 172-181页

作者： Ruoy.n Huang Baitian tang Chengy.an Li Doug Geisler Mario Mateo y.ng-y. Song Holger Baumgardt Julio A.Carballo-Bello y.e Wang Jundan Nie Bruno Dias JoséG.Fernández-Trincado School of Phy.ics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay.Area Zhuhai 519082China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Ciencia y.Tecnología Universidad de La SerenaLa SerenaChile Departamento de Astronomía Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de La SerenaChile Department of Astronomy University of MichiganAnn Arbor 48109USA David A.Dunlap Department of Astronomy.Astrophy.ics University of TorontoToronto ON M5S 3H4Canada Dunlap Institute for Astronomy.Astrophy.ics University of TorontoToronto ON M5S 3H4Canada School of Mathematics and Phy.ics The University of QueenslandSt.Lucia QLD 4072Australia Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de TarapacáAricaChile CAS Key.Laboratory.of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Instituto de Astrofísica Departamento de Ciencias FísicasFacultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile Instituto de Astronomía Universidad Católica del NorteAntofagastaChile

Star clusters were historically.considered simple stellar populations,with all stars sharing the same age and initial chemical ***,the presence of chemical anomalies in globular clusters(GCs),called multiple stellar populations(MPs),has challenged star formation theories in dense *** studies show that mass,metallicity.and age are likely.controlling parameters for the manifestation of *** the limit between clusters with/without MPs in phy.ical parameter space is crucial to reveal the driving mechanism behind their *** this study.we look for MP signals in Whiting 1,which is traditionally.considered a y.ung *** the Magellan telescope,we obtained low-resolution spectra withinλλ=3850-5500?for eight giants of Whiting *** measured the C and N abundances from the CN and CH spectral indices.C and N abundances have variations comparable with their measurement errors(~0.1 dex.,suggesting that MPs are absent from Whiting *** these findings with literature studies,we propose a limit in the metallicity.*** compactness index.parameter space,which relatively.clearly.separates star clusters with/without MPs(GCs/open clusters).This limit is phy.ically.*** a larger scale,the galactic environment determines cluster compactness and metallicity.leading to metal-rich,diffuse,old clusters formed ex.*** proposed limit also impacts our understanding of the formation of the Sagittarius dwarf galax.:star clusters formed after the first starburst(age≤8-10 Gy.).These clusters are simple stellar populations because the enriched galactic environment is no longer suitable for MP formation.

关键词： stellar galactic galax.

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***2 regulates plant height by.affecting the main inflorescence length and first effective branch height in Brassica napus L.

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1102-1111页

作者： Chengke Pang Jun y. Liang Zhang Min tang Hongfang Liu y.ng Cai Feng Chen Jiefu Zhang Wei Hua x.aodong Wang Ming Zheng Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy.of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuhan 430062HubeiChina Key.Laboratory.of Cotton and Rapeseed Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for AgrobiologyInstitute of Industrial CropsJiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014JiangsuChina National Key.Laboratory.of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina

Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)is one of the main oil crops in the world,and increasing its y.eld is of great significance for ensuring the safety.of edible ***,improving rapeseed plant architecture is an effective way.to increase rapeseed y.eld with higher planting ***,the regulatory.mechanism of rapeseed plant architecture is poorly.*** this study.a dwarf rapeseed mutant dwarf08(df08)is obtained by.ethy. methane sulfonate(EMS)-*** decrease in plant height of df08 is mainly.caused by.the reduction in main inflorescence length and first effective branch height and controlled by.a single semi-dominant *** hy.rid plants(F1)show a semi-dwarf *** map-based cloning and transgenic assay.we confirm that the nonsy.ony.ous single nucleotide variant(SNV)(C to T)in ***2,which is homologous with Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)BIN2,is responsible for the dwarfism of ***2 interacts with BnaBZR1/BES1 and involves in brassinosteroids(BRs)signal *** to Leucine substitution in 284(P284L)enhances the protein stability.of ***2-D,disrupts BRs signal transduction and affects the ex.ression of genes regulating cell division,leading to dwarfism of *** study.provides a new insight for the mechanism of rapeseed plant height regulation and creates an elite germplasm that can be used for genetic improvement of rapeseed architecture.

关键词： Brassica napus Plant height Brassinosteroids BIN2

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Acute Tox.city.of Cadmium on the Antiox.dant Defense Sy.tems and Lipid Perox.dation in the Juveniles of Genetically.Improved Farmed （GIFT） Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第8期5卷 1043-1052页

作者： y. Lin Z.S. tang x.W. Cao x. Gan Guangx. Fisheries Research Institute Nanning 530021 Guangxi China

Heavy.metals pose a potential threat to aquatic organisms. In this study. a static-renewal acute tox.city.test was conducted to investigate the effects of cadmium on the antiox.dant defense sy.tems （both enzy.atic and non-enzy.atic） and lipid perox.daton in liver and gill tissues of juvenile GIFT tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. After 8 day. of ex.osure to Cd （0, 0.016, 0.08, 0.4 and 2 mg/L）, livers accumulated significantly.more Cd than gills. Catalase （CAT）, superox.de dismutase （SOD） and glutathione S-transferase （GST） activities were stimulated only.at the highest concentration tested （2 mg/L）. Glutathione perox.dase （GPx. activity.was stimulated in the gill while inhibited in the liver, these alternations in gill and liver showed a strong relationship with Cd levels in these tissues. This may.indicate either a tissue-specific response of GPx.to Cd or, most probably. a hormetic effect of Cd on GPx. Cd increased GSH levels and decreased the ratio GSSG/GSH in fish livers at 2 mg/L. Cd ex.osure resulted in an elevated level of MDA in the livers of fish at 2 mg/L, indicating that Cd caused lipid perox.dation. Taken together, the results demonstrated that Cd altered the enzy.atic and non-enzy.atic defensive sy.tems and caused lipid perox.dation in O. niloticus at relatively.high concentrations （compared to environmentally.relevant concentrations）. In addition, the results implied that O. niloticus could tolerate high level of Cd in sites polluted by.Cd.

关键词： Cadmium antiox.dant enzy.es glutathione lipid perox.dation Oreochromis niloticus

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空间引力波探测相关技术和科学应用系统专题·编者按

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中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学 2024年第7期54卷 1-1页

作者：汤勇中国科学院大学

引力波的成功探测是21世纪物理学和天文学的重大突破.自2015年LIGO(激光干涉引力波天文台)首次直接探测到引力波以来,这一领域取得了显著进展.作为一种全新的观测手段,引力波为探索宇宙提供了新的视角,成为研究黑洞、中子星等致密天体... 详细信息

引力波的成功探测是21世纪物理学和天文学的重大突破.自2015年LIGO(激光干涉引力波天文台)首次直接探测到引力波以来,这一领域取得了显著进展.作为一种全新的观测手段,引力波为探索宇宙提供了新的视角,成为研究黑洞、中子星等致密天体及宇宙早期演化、引力理论的重要工具.空间引力波探测因其更长的基线,能够覆盖更广的频段,探测到地面引力波探测器无法观测到的信号,成为科学研究的热点.灵敏频段在毫赫兹附近的空间引力波探测计划包括欧美主导的LISA(空间激光干涉仪天线)和中国提出的太极和天琴计划等.

关键词：引力波探测致密天体观测手段中子星引力理论黑洞直接探测探索宇宙

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高分七号卫星立体影像与激光数据复合测绘处理原理及方法

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遥感学报 2024年第6期28卷 1539-1550页

作者：周平唐新明自然资源部国土卫星遥感应用中心北京100048

高分七号卫星(GF-7)是全球首颗同步搭载了光学立体相机和激光测高仪的对地观测卫星,其可以同时获取亚米分辨率的两线阵光学立体影像和稀疏地面激光高程点。为保障GF-7卫星能够实现全球范围1∶1万比例尺立体测图精度,本文根据光学相机和... 详细信息

高分七号卫星(GF-7)是全球首颗同步搭载了光学立体相机和激光测高仪的对地观测卫星,其可以同时获取亚米分辨率的两线阵光学立体影像和稀疏地面激光高程点。为保障GF-7卫星能够实现全球范围1∶1万比例尺立体测图精度,本文根据光学相机和激光测高仪工作过程中的误差传播机理,分析了利用激光高程点提升立体影像高程精度的基本原理;设计了一种GF-7立体影像与激光高程点复合测绘处理方法,构建了激光高程点在立体影像上自动精确量测方法、激光高程点与立体影像联合区域网平差模型等,力求通过激光高程点实现立体影像高程精度的来有效提升。为验证本文所述方法的有效性,选取了河北省北部区域70景GF-7立体影像和463个激光高程点开展复合测绘处理试验。结果表明:立体影像在平地、丘陵、山地、高山地和全区域的高程中误差分别由原来的3.00 m、4.68 m、2.86 m、2.48 m和3.19 m,降低至0.35 m、0.66 m、0.74 m、0.91 m和0.68 m;平面中误差分别是4.99 m、3.52 m、4.42 m、5.99 m和4.82 m。影像平面和高程精度均能满足中国1∶1万比例尺立体测图的精度要求。此外,采用本文所述方法构建的GF-7立体影像与激光高程点复合测绘处理系统已在GF-7卫星牵头主用户单位实现业务化应用,对未来全球范围1∶1万比例尺地理信息资源建设具有重要意义。

关键词：遥感高分七号卫星立体影像激光高程点复合测绘处理 1∶10000比例尺测图

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Plasma enhanced diamond deposition on steel and Si substrates

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2009年第5期22卷 321-329页

作者： y.S. Li y. tang Wo Chen Q. y.ng C.x.ao A. Hirose Plasma Phy.ics Laboratory University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N 5E2 Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon S7N 5A9 Canada

Diamond growth on Fe-Cr-Al-Si steel and Si substrates was comparatively.investigated in microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition （MPCVD） reactor with different deposition parameters. Adherent nanocry.talline diamond films were directly.deposited on this steel substrate under a ty.ical deposition condition, whereas microcry.talline diamond films were produced on Si wafer. With increasing CH4 concentration, reaction pressure, or the total gas flow rate, the quality.of nanocry.talline diamond films formed on Fe-Cr-Al-Si substrates is gradually.deteriorated in terms of density.and adhesion. This impaired diamond quality.on steels is primarily.associated with a combined effect by.the substrate composition and the specific process conditions that favor ex.essive nucleation of diamond.

关键词： Plasma CVD Diamond film Steel Si

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MOF-derived Cu embedded into N-doped mesoporous carbon as a robust support of PdAu nanocataly.ts for ethanol electroox.dation

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1083-1094页

作者： y.-Fu Huang Peng Wu Jun-Ping tang Jian y.ng Jing Li Shuai Chen x.e-Ling Zhao ChengChen Bin-Wei Zhang y.n-y.n Ma Wei-Heng Shi Dong-Hai Lin Shi-Gang Sun School of Energy.and Materials Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Thermal Functional MaterialsShanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and EvaluationShanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai201209China State Key.Laboratory.of Phy.ical Chemistry.of Solid Surfaces Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China School of Chemistry.and Chemical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing401331China Center of Advanced Energy.Technology.and Electrochemistry Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA19104USA

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)h ave attracted widespread attention due to their large surface area and porous *** designing the nanostructures of MOFs to promote their application in ethanol electroox.dation is still a ***,a novel Cu-NCNs(Cu-nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes)support was sy.thesized by.py.oly.is of melamine(MEL)and Cu-ZIF-8 together,and then,Pd-Au nanoalloy. were loaded by.sodium borohy.ride reduction method to prepare PdAu@Cu-NCNs *** generating mesoporous carbon with high specific surface area and favorable electron and mass transport can be used as a potential ex.ellent carrier for PdAu *** addition,the balance of cataly.t composition and surface structure was tuned by.controlling the content of Pd and ***,the best-performed Pd_(2)Au_(2)@Cu-NCN-1000-2(where 1000 means the carrier calcination temperature,and 2 means the calcination constant temperature time)cataly.t ex.ibits better long-term stability.and electrochemical activity.for ethanol ox.dation in alkaline media(4.80 A·mg^(-1)),which is 5.05 times higher than that of commercial Pd/C(0.95 A·mg^(-1)).Therefore,this work is beneficial to further promoting the application of MOFs in direct ethanol fuel cells(DEFCs)and can be used as inspiration for the design of more efficient cataly.t support structures.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) N-doped Mesoporous carbon PdAu Ethanol electroox.dation

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A novel marine-derived anti-acute kidney.injury.agent targeting perox.redox.n 1 and its nanodelivery.strategy.based on ADME optimization

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第7期14卷 3232-3250页

作者： Ping y. Tanwei Gu y.ey.ng Rao Weimin Liang x. Zhang Huanguo Jiang Jindi Lu Jianglian She Jianmin Guo Wei y.ng y.nghong Liu y.ngfeng Tu Lan tang x.efeng Zhou Guangdong Provincial Key.Laboratory.of New Drug Screening Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for New Drug ScreeningSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China CAS Key.Laboratory.of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia MedicaSouth China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China NMPA Key.Laboratory.for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Guangdong Lewwin Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co. Ltd.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Non-Clinical Evaluation and ResearchGuangdong Engineering Research Center for Innovative Drug Evaluation and ResearchGuangzhou 510990China

Insufficient therapeutic strategies for acute kidney.injury.AKI)necessitate precision therapy.targeting its *** study.reveals the new mechanism of the marine-derived anti-AKI agent,piericidin gly.oside S14,targeting perox.redox.n 1(PRDx.).By.binding to Cy.83 of PRDx. and augmenting its perox.dase activity.S14 alleviates kidney.injury.efficiently.in Prdx.-overex.ression(Prdx.-OE)***,S14 also increases PRDx. nuclear translocation and directly.activates the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway.to inhibit ROS *** to the limited druggability.of S14 with low bioavailability.2.6%)and poor renal distribution,a pH-sensitive kidney.targeting dodecanaminechitosan nanoparticle sy.tem is constructed to load S14 for precise treatment of AKI.L-Serine conjugation to chitosan imparts specificity.to kidney.injury.molecule-1(Kim-1)-overex.ressed *** developed S14-nanodrug ex.ibits higher therapeutic efficiency.by.improving the in vivo behavior of S14 *** encapsulation with micelles,the AUC_(0-t),half-life time,and renal distribution of S14 increase 2.5-,1.8-,and 3.1-fold,*** main factors contributing to the improved druggability.of S14 nanodrugs include the lower metabolic elimination rate and UDPgly.osy.transferase(UGT)-mediated *** summary.this study.identifies a new therapeutic target for the marine-derived anti-AKI agent while enhancing its ADME properties and druggability.through nanotechnology.thereby.driving advancements in marine drug development for AKI.

关键词： Acute kidney.injury Piericidin gly.oside Perox.redox.n 1 Nanodrug Kim-1 targeted ADME Marine drug Druggability

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CARBAZOLE-CONTAINING Hy.ERBRANCHED POLy.ARy.ENEETHy.y.ENE)S:Sy.THESIS,CHARACTERIZATION,ANDPROPERTIES

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Chinese Journal of Poly.er Science 2007年第6期25卷 641-649页

作者： Han Peng x.u-wen Zheng Jacky.W. y. Lam Ben-zhong tang Institute of Material Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science ＆ Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China

New hy.erbranched poly.ary.eneethy.y.ene）s containing carbazole moieties are sy.thesized in high y.elds （up to 87%） by.poly.y.lotrimerization of 3,6-bis（4-ethy.y.pheny.）-9-octy.carbazole and its copoly.erization with 1-octy.e cataly.ed by.CpCo（CO）2 in THF. The structures and properties of the poly.ers are characterized and evaluated by.IR, NMR, TGA, UV, photoluminescence, and cy.lic voltammetry.analy.es. All the poly.ers are soluble in common organic solvents and show outstanding thermal stability.（≥ 430℃）. They.graphitize in high y.elds （up to 79%） when py.oly.ed at 800℃. Upon photoex.itation, the poly.ers emit a strong deep blue light of ca. 400 nm with quantum y.elds larger than 60%.

关键词： Acety.enes Carbazole Cy.lopoly.erization Hy.erbranched Luminescence.

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D-ty.e neuropeptide decorated AIEgen/RENP hy.rid nanoprobes with light-driven ROS generation ability.for NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence imaging-guided through-skull photody.amic therapy.of gliomas

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 185-195页

作者： x.elu He y.an Luo y.ny.ng Li y.anbo Pan Ry.n T.K.Kwok Lulu He x.aolin Duan Pengfei Zhang Aiguo Wu Ben Zhong tang Juan Li Ningbo Key.Laboratory.of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and ApplicationChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesNingbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical EngineeringZhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical MaterialsNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboP.R.China Guangdong Key.Laboratory.of Nanomedicine Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Nanomedicine and NanoformulationsCAS-HK Joint Lab for BiomaterialsResearch Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular ImagingShenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular ImagingCAS Key Lab for Health InformaticsShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenP.R.China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced StudyThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(HKUST)KowloonP.R.China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenP.R.China

Glioma is one of the most common malignant tumors of the central nervous sy.tem,leading high mortality.rates in ***-induced emission(AIE)photosensitizers-based photody.amic therapy.PDT)has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy.for least-invasive treatment of glioma,which involves local irradiation of the tumor using an ex.ernal near-infrared(NIR)***,most AIE photosensitizers suffered from poorly.penetration of the visible light ex.itation,bad spatiotemporal resolution in deep tissues and low efficient blood-brain barrier(BBB)crossing ability.which greatly.limited the clinical practice of AIE photosensitizers for especially.deep-seated brain tumor *** this work,we developed a multifunctional NIR-driven theranostic agent through hy.rid of AIE photosensitizers TIND with rare-earth doping nanoparticles(RENPs)NaGdF4:Nd/y./Tm with up/down dual-mode conversion *** theranostic agent was further decorated with D-ty.e neuropeptide DNPy.for crossing BBB and targeting *** the 808-nm light irradiation,the down-conversion NIR-II luminescence could indicate the position glioma and the upconversion NIR-I luminescence could trigger the AIE photosensitizers producing reactive ox.gen species to inhibit orthotopic glioma tumor growth in *** results demonstrate that the integration of Dty.e neuropeptide,AIE photosensitizers and RENPs could be promising candidates for in vivo NIR-II fluorescence image-guided through-skull PDT treatments of brain tumors.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission D-ty.e neuropeptide glioma photody.amic therapy rare-earth doping nanoparticles

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