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Suppressing FxR promotes antiviral effects of bile acids via enhancing the interferon transcription

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3513-3527页

作者： xue Liang Kunpeng Liu xin Jia Cuiqin Cheng Meiqi Zhang Lingdong kong qiqi Li Zhe Liu Min Li Junliang Li Yao Wang Anlong xu School of Life Sciences Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine School of MedicineGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Beijing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China

Bile acids(BAs)are natural metabolites in mammals and have the potential to function as drugs against viral ***,the limited understanding of chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA)receptors and downstream signaling,along with its lower suppression efficiency in inhibiting virus infection limits its clinical *** this study,we demonstrate that farnesoid x receptor(FxR),the receptor of CDCA,negatively regulates interferon signaling,thereby contributing to the reduced effectiveness of CDCA against virus *** deficiency or pharmacological inhibition enhances interferon signaling activation to suppress virus ***,FxR impairs the DNA binding and transcriptional abilities of activated interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3)through *** IRF3 transcriptional activity by FxReIRF3 interaction significantly undermines the expression of Interferon Beta 1(IFNB1)and the antiviral response of cells,especially upon the CDCA *** FxR-deficient cells,or when combined with Z-guggulsterone(GUGG)treatment,CDCA exhibits a more potent ability to restrict virus ***,these findings suggest that FxR serves as a limiting factor for CDCA in inhibiting virus replication,which can be attributed to the“signaling-brake”roles of FxR in interferon *** FxR inhibition represents a promising pharmaceutical strategy for the clinical application of BAs metabolites as antiviral drugs.

关键词： Bile acids FxR IRF3 Interferon transcription RNA virus Z-guggulsterone Broad-spectrum antiviral activity Synergistic inhibitory effect

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道路沥青紫外老化及抗老化材料研究综述

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材料导报 2024年第1期38卷 44-56页

作者：孔令云席晗重庆交通大学土木工程学院重庆400074 重庆交通大学交通土建工程材料国家地方联合工程实验室重庆400074

道路沥青材料在使用过程中由于长期受到太阳光紫外辐射作用会产生紫外老化现象,并且这种现象在紫外辐射强度高的地区更明显。紫外老化会使沥青的物理特性和化学组成发生改变,从而导致沥青黏塑性上升、低温和疲劳性能下降、使用裂缝增加... 详细信息

道路沥青材料在使用过程中由于长期受到太阳光紫外辐射作用会产生紫外老化现象,并且这种现象在紫外辐射强度高的地区更明显。紫外老化会使沥青的物理特性和化学组成发生改变,从而导致沥青黏塑性上升、低温和疲劳性能下降、使用裂缝增加,进而劣化路面的耐久性、影响沥青路面的运营品质和服役寿命。为了防止和延缓紫外老化的产生和发展,可在道路沥青中添加抗老化材料以增强其抵御紫外老化能力,同时延长沥青路面的使用寿命并降低其性能的衰变速率。本文阐述了基于自由基和胶体理论的紫外老化机理;从处理方式、光源与辐射强度选择等方面介绍了室内模拟老化试验条件;总结了紫外老化对沥青物理和流变性能、组分构成、微观形貌、特征峰和官能团等宏微观特性的影响;归纳了现行抗老化材料的优缺点和使用情况。分析表明后期可在老化机理深度、试验方法标准化、室外老化监测、微观数值模拟、抗紫外老化剂针对性和抑制紫外老化措施等方面开展进一步研究。

关键词：道路沥青紫外老化老化机理室内模拟老化沥青特性影响抗紫外老化材料

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The dynamic surface evolution of halide perovskites induced by external energy stimulation

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 185-194页

作者： Feiyu Cheng Pengdong Wang Chenzhe xu qingliang Liao Suicai Zhang Haochun Sun Wenqiang Fan Guodong Liu Zhiyun Li Yaping kong Li Wang Fangsen Li Zhuo Kang Yue Zhang Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore ChipsMinistry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation(Nano-x) Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Tracking the dynamic surface evolution of metal halide perovskite is crucial for understanding the corresponding fundamental principles of photoelectric properties and intrinsic instability. However, due to the volatility elements and soft lattice nature of perovskites, several important dynamic behaviors remain unclear. Here, an ultra-high vacuum（UHV） interconnection system integrated by surface-sensitive probing techniques has been developed to investigate the freshly cleaved surface of CH3NH3PbBr3in situ under given energy stimulation. On this basis, the detailed three-step chemical decomposition pathway of perovskites has been clarified. Meanwhile, the evolution of crystal structure from cubic phase to tetragonal phase on the perovskite surface has been revealed under energy stimulation. Accompanied by chemical composition and crystal structure evolution, electronic structure changes including energy level position,hole effective mass, and Rashba splitting have also been accurately determined. These findings provide a clear perspective on the physical origin of optoelectronic properties and the decomposition mechanism of perovskites.

关键词： metal halide perovskite external energy stimulation surface dynamic evolution surface electronic structure ultra-high vacuum interconnection system

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“人类世”背景下的灾害风险科学复杂性及前沿议题

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灾害学 2024年第2期39卷 48-53页

作者：孔锋中国农业大学人文与发展学院北京100083 北京市科学技术协会防灾减灾专业智库基地北京100089 清华大学应急管理研究基地北京100084

灾害风险科学复杂性问题研究已成为当前学科发展的难题和热点。该文首先从“人类世”概念出发,阐述了环境变化对灾害风险的影响和解决灾害风险科学中复杂性议题的重要性。论述了系统思维下灾害风险科学的本质是探索区域灾害系统特征和机... 详细信息

灾害风险科学复杂性问题研究已成为当前学科发展的难题和热点。该文首先从“人类世”概念出发,阐述了环境变化对灾害风险的影响和解决灾害风险科学中复杂性议题的重要性。论述了系统思维下灾害风险科学的本质是探索区域灾害系统特征和机制,并探讨了区域灾害系统与社会-生态系统和人地关系地域系统的联系。在分析灾害风险科学发展新特征的基础上,对复杂系统和复杂网络的特点及其与灾害系统的内在联系进行了讨论,分析了复杂系统视角下的灾害系统过程和机制特点。最后阐述了灾害风险科学复杂性研究面临的秩序机遇、技术机遇和数据机遇,并提出了灾害风险科学复杂性研究的前沿议题。

关键词：人类世灾害风险科学灾害系统复杂灾害事件灾害耦合效应系统性风险与多重跨界危机

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Stability analyses of the mass abrasive projectile high-speed penetrating into a concrete target Part III: Terminal ballistic trajectory analyses

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第4期31卷 558-569页

作者： H.Wu x.W.Chen q.Fang x.Z.kong L.L.He Institute of Systems Engineering China Academy of Engineering Physics State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention & Mitigation of Explosion & Impact PLA University of Science and Technology

During the high-speed penetration of projectiles into concrete targets （the impact velocity ranges from 1.0 to 1.5 km/s）, important factors such as the incident oblique and attacking angles, as well as the asymmetric abrasions of the projectile nose induced by the target-projectile interactions, may lead to obvious deviation of the terminal ballistic tra- jectory and reduction of the penetration efficiency. Based on the engineering model for the mass loss and nose-blunting of ogive-nosed projectiles established, by using the Differ- ential Area Force Law （DAFL） method and semi-empirical resistance function, a finite differential approach was pro- grammed （PENTRA2D） for predicting the terminal ballistic trajectory of mass abrasive high-speed projectiles penetrating into concrete targets. It accounts for the free-surface effects on the drag force acting on the projectile, which are attributed to the oblique and attacking angles, as well as the asymmetric nose abrasion of the projectile. Its validation on the prediction of curvilinear trajectories of non-normal high-speed pene- trators into concrete targets is verified by comparison with available test data. Relevant parametric influential analyses show that the most influential factor for the stability of ter- minal ballistic trajectories is the attacking angle, followed by the oblique angle, the discrepancy of asymmetric nose abrasion, and the location of mass center of projectile. The terminal ballistic trajectory deviations are aggravated as the above four parameters increase.

关键词： Projectile Penetration Concrete Massabrasion Terminal ballistic trajectory

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铸牢中华民族共同体意识的新时代价值意蕴

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中南民族大学学报（人文社会科学版） 2024年第4期44卷 51-60,218,219页

作者：孔亭曲阜师范大学马克思主义学院山东曲阜273165

在统筹国内国际“两个大局”的新时代背景下,习近平总书记提出铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重大原创性论断,丰富发展了中国共产党人的中华民族观,具有深远的战略意义和价值意蕴。它有利于增强各族人民的爱国主义情怀,为实现中华民族伟大复... 详细信息

在统筹国内国际“两个大局”的新时代背景下,习近平总书记提出铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重大原创性论断,丰富发展了中国共产党人的中华民族观,具有深远的战略意义和价值意蕴。它有利于增强各族人民的爱国主义情怀,为实现中华民族伟大复兴凝心聚力,是全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的必然要求;它着力防范化解民族分裂势力和地区分裂势力带来的挑战,是新时代党的边疆治理方略的基本遵循,是维护祖国统一和民族团结的思想基础;它厚植大统战工作格局根基,发挥统一战线凝聚人心、画出最大同心圆的法宝作用,凝聚起中华儿女大团结的强大力量;它有力防范国际环境变化带来的风险挑战,积极应对世界百年未有之大变局,为构建人类命运共同体提供中国方案。

关键词：新时代铸牢中华民族共同体意识国家认同边疆治理统一战线

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Selective Hydrodeoxygenation of Lignin-Derived Vanillin via Hetero-Structured High-Entropy Alloy/Oxide Catalysts

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 202-210页

作者： Yan Sun Kaili Liang Ren Tu xudong Fan Charles q.Jia Zhiwen Jia Yingnan Li Hui Yang Enchen Jiang Hanwen Liu Yonggang Yao xiwei xu Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education College of Materials and EnergySouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510640China Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto200 College StreetToronto ON M5S3E5Canada State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The chemoselective hydrodeoxygenation of natural lignocellulosic materials plays a crucial role in converting biomass into value-added *** their complex molecular structures often require multiple active sites synergy for effective activation and achieving high ***,it is reported that a high-entropy alloy(HEA)on high-entropy oxide(HEO)hetero-structured catalyst for highly active,chemoselective,and robust vanillin *** heterogenous HEA/HEO catalysts were prepared by thermal reduction of senary HEOs(NiZnCuFeAlZrO_(x)),where exsolvable metals(e.g.,Ni,Zn,Cu)in situ emerged and formed randomly dispersed HEA nanoparticles anchoring on the HEO *** catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance:100%conversion of vanillin and 95%selectivity toward high-value 2-methyl-4 methoxy phenol at low temperature of 120℃,which were attributed to the synergistic effect among HEO matrix(with abundant oxygen vacancies),anchored HEA nanoparticles(having excellent hydrogenolysis capability),and their intimate hetero-interfaces(showing strong electron transferring effect).Therefore,our work reported the successful construction of HEA/HEO heterogeneous catalysts and their superior multifunctionality in biomass conversion,which could shed light on catalyst design for many important reactions that are complex and require multifunctional active sites.

关键词： biomass conversion heterogeneous catalysts high-entropy oxide high-entropy alloys lignin pyrolysis

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Molecular solid solution of lanthanide-titanium-oxo clusters with enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 529-535页

作者： Rong Chen Chao-Long Chen Hui Zhang Zi-Han Wang Fu-Li Sun Ming-Hao Du Gui-Lin Zhuang Cheng Wang La-Sheng Long Lan-Sun Zheng xiang-Jian kong Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou310032China

Molecular solid solutions of metal clusters containing different metal centers with well-defined structures can accurately regulate the HOMO-LUMO gap,but are rarely ***,a series of colorless lanthanide-titanium-oxo clusters Ln_(2)Ti_4(μ_(2)-O)_(2)(μ_(3)-O)_4(Piv)_(10)(THF)_(2)(Ln_(2)Ti_4,Ln = Eu,Gd,Tb,and Ce,HPiv = pivalic acid) were synthesized by the reaction of pivalic acid with Ln(Ac)_(3) and titanium *** light yellow crystal of cluster solid solutions Eu_(2)Ti_(4-x)Cd_(x),containing a mixture of Eu_(2)Ti_4 and Eu_(2)Ti_(3)Cd,was obtained by in situ doping Cd^(2+) and S^(2–).Eu_(2)Ti_(3.92)Cd_(0.08) displays efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity without a co-catalyst,which is up to 2.6 times that of Eu_(2)Ti_*** time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy and spin-polarized density functional calculations showed that the enhanced photocatalytic performance of Eu_(2)Ti_(4-x)Cd_(x) can be attributed to the narrower HOMO-LUMO gap and lower LUMO position than that of Eu_(2)Ti_*** studyprovides an in situ doping method to realize the simple preparation of cluster solid solution.

关键词： molecular solid solution lanthanide-titanium-oxo clusters photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Lactate regulates major zygotic genome activation by H3K18 lactylation in mammals

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 124-134页

作者： Jingyu Li Weibo Hou qi Zhao Wei Han Hongdi Cui Songling xiao Ling Zhu Jiadan qu xiaoyu Liu Weitao Cong Jingling Shen Yuzheng Zhao Shaorong Gao Guoning Huang qingran kong Chongqing Key Laboratory of Human Embryo Engineering Center for Reproductive Medicine Chongqing Health Center for Women and ChildrenWomen and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Oujiang Laboratory Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics Key Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineMinistry of EducationSchool of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research School of Life Sciences and Technology Tongji University School of Pharmaceutical Science Wenzhou Medical University Institute of Life Sciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences Wenzhou University Optogenetics&Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and Technology

Lactate is present at a high level in the microenvironment of mammalian preimplantation embryos in vivo and in vitro. However, its role in preimplantation development is unclear. Here, we report that lactate is highly enriched in the nuclei of early embryos when major zygotic genome activation(ZGA) occurs in humans and mice. The inhibition of its production and uptake results in developmental arrest at the 2-cell stage, major ZGA failure, and loss of lactate-derived H3K18lac, which could be rescued by the addition of Lac-Co A and recapitulated by overexpression of H3K18R mutation. By profiling the landscape of H3K18lac during mouse preimplantation development, we show that H3K18lac is enriched on the promoter regions of most major ZGA genes and correlates with their expressions. In humans, H3K18lac is also enriched in ZGA markers and temporally concomitant with their expressions. Taken together, we profile the landscapes of H3K18lac in mouse and human preimplantation embryos, and demonstrate the important role for H3K18lac in major ZGA, showing that a conserved metabolic mechanism underlies preimplantation development of mammalian embryos.

关键词： mammalian preimplantation development lactate epigenetic remodeling histone lactylation zygotic genome activation

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Confined Mn^(2+) enables effective aerobic oxidation catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1545-1553页

作者： Desheng Yuan Sicong Ma xiao kong Chi Zhang Lin Chen Chengsheng Yang Lihua Wang Zhen Liu Lin Ye Yongmei Liu Rui Ma Zhi-Pan Liu Yifeng Zhu Yong Cao xinhe Bao Department of Chemical Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis National Laboratory for Clean EnergyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Effective and mild activation of O_(2) is essential but challenging for aerobic oxidation. In heterogeneous catalysis, high-valence manganese oxide(e.g., +4) is known to be active for the oxidation, whereas divalent MnO is ineffective due to its limited capacity to supply surface oxygen and its thermodynamically unstable structure when binding O_(2) in reaction conditions. Inspired by natural enzymes that rely on divalent Mn^(2+), we discovered that confining Mn^(2+) onto the Mn_(2)O_(3) surface through a dedicated calcination process creates highly active catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, benzyl alcohol, and *** Mn_(2)O_(3)-confined Mn^(2+) is undercoordinated and efficiently mediates O_(2) activation, resulting in 2–3 orders of magnitude higher activity than Mn_(2)O_(3) alone. Through low-temperature infrared spectroscopy, we distinguished low-content Mn^(2+) sites at Mn_(2)O_(3) surface, which are difficult to be differentiated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The combination of in-situ energydispersive x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction further provides insights into the formation of the newly identified active Mn^(2+) sites. By optimizing the calcination step, we were able to increase the catalytic activity threefold *** finding offers promising frontiers for exploring active oxidation catalysts by utilizing the confinement of Mn^(2+)and oftenignored calcination skills.

关键词： confinement catalysis manganese oxide aerobic oxidation divalent Mn^(2+) operando spectroscopies

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