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A novel arterial pouch model of saccular aneurysm by concomitant elastase and collagenase digestion

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2007年第10期8卷 697-703页

作者： YANG Xin-jian, LI Li, wu zhong-xue (Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China) Department of Interventional Neuroradiology Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China. yang-xj@***

Background: An ideal aneurysm model of cerebral aneurysm is of great importance for studying the pathogenesis of the lesion and testing new techniques for diagnosis and treatment. Several models have been created in rabbits and are now widely used in experimental studies; however, every model has certain intrinsic limitations. Here we report the development of a novel saccular aneurysm model in rabbits using an arterial pouch that is subject to in vitro pre-digestion with combined elastase and collagenase. Methods: A segment of right common carotid artery (CCA) was dissected out and treated with elastase (60 U/ml, 20 min) followed by type I collagenase (1 mg/ml, 15 min) in vitro. The graft was anastomosed to an arterial arch built with the left CCA and the remaining right CCA, while the other end of the graft was ligated. The dimension and tissue structure of the pouch were analysed immediately, 2 or 8 weeks after operation. Findings: Ten terminal aneurysms were produced. The gross mor-phology of the aneurysm resembles the human cerebral terminal aneurysms. We have observed the following pathological changes: (1) growth of the aneurysm (mean diameter increased from (2.0±0.1) to (3.2±0.3) mm at 2 weeks, P<0.001, n=7~10); (2) thinning of the aneurysmal wall (the mean wall thickness decreased to 44% at 2 weeks), which was accompanied by significant losses of elastic fibres, collagen and the cellular component; and (3) spontaneous rupture (3 out of 9, one aneurysm ruptured 24 h after operation with the other two at 2 and 4 weeks respectively). Conclusion: This rabbit arterial pouch model mimics human cerebral aneurysms in relation to morphology and histology. In particular, this model exhibited an increased tendency of spontaneous rupture.

关键词： Animal model Collagenase Elastase Intracranial aneurysm

Transvenous embolization of cavernous dural arteriovenous fistula:report of 28 cases

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第24期120卷 2229-2232页

作者： HE Hong-wei JIANG Chu-han wu zhong-xue LI You-xiang WANG zhong-cheng Department of Neuroradiosurgery Beijing Neurosurgery InstituteBeijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing100050 China

Background Usually, cavernous dural arteriovenous fistula can be treated via transarterial approaches. However, in many complicated patients, transvenous approaches are superior to the transarterial ones because of the difficulties during a transarterial operation. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 28 patients with cavernous dural arteriovenous fistula treated by transvenous embolization. Methods From September 2001 to December 2005, 28 patients with 31 cavernous dural arteriovenous fistulae were treated with transvenous embolization in Beijing Tiantan Hospital. The involved cavernous sinuses were catheterized via the femoral vein-inferior petrosal sinus approach or the femoral-facial-superior ophthalmic vein approach, and embolized with coils （GDC, EDC, Matrix, Orbit or free coil） or coils plus silk. The patients were followed up for 3 to 26 months. Results All the 31 cavernous sinuses in the 28 patients were successfully embolized. Complete angiographic obliteration of the fistulae was achieved immediately in 25 patients. Residual shunting was observed in the other 3, who had drainage through the pterygoid plexus （2 patients） or the inferior petrosal sinus （1） after the operation. Headache and vomiting were the most common symptoms after the embolization. In 3 patients, who achieved complete angiographic obliteration immediately, the left oculomotor nerve palsy remained unchanged after the operation. Transient abducens nerve palsy was encountered in 1. In 1 patient, the occular symptoms were improved after the operation, but recurred 4 days later, and then disappeared spontaneously after 5 days. During the follow-up, no patient had recurrence. Three months after the operation, angiography was performed on the 3 patients with residual shunting. Two of them had angiographic cure, the other had residual drainage through the pterygoid plexus. Conclusions Transvenous catheterization and embolization of the cavernous sinus is a safe and ef

关键词： transvenous cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula embolization

Transvenous embolization with a combination of detachable coils and Onyx for a complicated cavernous dural arteriovenous fistula

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第17期121卷 1651-1655页

作者： HE Hong-wei JIANG Chu-han wu zhong-xue LI You-xiang LU Xian-li WANG zhong-cheng Department of Neuroradiosugery Beijing Neurosurgery Institute Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China

Background Treatment of cavernous dural arteriovenous fistulas （DAVF） is usually made by a transarterial approach. However, in many complicated patients, treatments via transarterial approaches can not be achieved, and only an operation via a transvenous approach is feasible. We aimed to study the feasibility of transarterial embolization of cavernous dural arteriovenous fistulas with a combination detachable coils and Onyx to embolize a complicated cavernous DAVF via a transvenous approach. Methods From August 2006 to August 2007, six cases of complicated cavernous DAVF were embolized with a combination of detachable coils and Onyx via a transvenous approach. Three cases were male and the other three were female. Their ages ranged from 36 to 69 years old. The fistula was in the right lateral cavernous sinus in one case, in the left lateral cavernous sinus in another, and in the bilateral cavernous sinus in 4 cases. One fistula was fed by the right internal carotid artery and its meningohypophyseal trunk; one was fed by the branches of the left internal carotid artery and left external carotid artery; four were fed by the branches of the bilateral internal carotid artery and/or the bilateral external carotid artery. One case was drained via one lateral inferior petrosal sinus; three were drained via bilateral inferior petrosal sinuses; one was drained via one lateral ophthalmic and facial veins; one was drained via the inferior petrosal sinus and the ophthalmic and facial veins. Four were embolized via the inferior petrosal sinus, and two were embolized via the ophthalmic and facial veins. Results Among six cases of complicated cavernous DAVF, four were fully embolized with Onyx by a single operation, and two cases were fully embolized with Onyx following two operations. Transient headache was found after operation in all patients, but was cured after several days by the symptomatic treatments. In one case, the first operation via the inferior petrosal sinus was a f

关键词： transvenous cavernous dural arteriovenous fistula embolization Onyx detachable coils

Endovascular treatment of a giant internal carotid artery bifurcation aneurysm with drainage into cavernous sinus

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第3期125卷 539-542页

作者： Zhang Zhen-hai Yang Xin-jian wu zhong-xue Li You-xiang Jiang Peng Capital Med Univ Beijing Neurosurg Inst Beijing 100050 Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Dept Intervent Neuroradiol Beijing Tiantan Hosp Beijing 100050 Peoples R China

This report documents the treatment of a giant aneurysm of the internal carotid artery bifurcation with a fistula to the cavernous sinus, which appeared following closed head trauma. A 39-year-old man suffered from a blunt head trauma in an automobile accident. Two weeks after the trauma, progressive chemosis of left eye was presented. Four months after the trauma, digital subtraction angiography showed an internal carotid artery bifurcation aneurysm, with drainage into the cavernous sinus. The lesion was successfully obliterated with preservation of the parent artery by using coils in conjunction with Onyx. Follow-up angiography obtained 3 months postoperatively revealed persistent obliteration of the aneurysm and fistula as well as patency of the parent artery. Endovascular treatment involving the use of coils combined with Onyx anneam to be a feasible and effective o[}tion for treatment of this hard-to-treat lesion.

关键词： traumatic aneurysm carotid-cavernous fistula endovascular coils embolization Onyx

Endovascular treatment of wide-necked intracranial aneurysms using of ＂remodeling technique＂ with the HyperForm balloon

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第8期121卷 725-729页

作者： MU Shi-qing YANG Xin-jian LI You-xiang ZHANG You-ping LU Ming wu zhong-xue Department of Neuroradiosugery Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical University Beijing 100053 China

Background Aneurysms with wide-necked or a large neck/fundus ratio, especially located on an arterial bifurcation or a small artery, are challenges for interventional neuroradiologist because of the risk of coil migration or coil protrusion into the parent vessels. Our study was designed to improve the efficacy and safety of the ＂remodeling technique＂ with the HyperForm balloon for these difficult aneurysms and was confirmed by a follow-up result. Methods From June 2004 to September 2006, forty-two patients （20 men, 22 women） with wide-necked or large neck/fundus ratio aneurysms were treated by using the ＂remodeling technique＂ with the HyperForm balloon. Results Forty wide-necked aneurysms were successfully treated with the HyperForm balloon remodeling technique with only two failed cases. Final results consisted of total occlusion in 34 cases （80.9%）, subtotal in 4 （9.5%） and incomplete in 2 （4.8%）. One aneurysmal rupture occurred, but no clinical consequence was shown. No thromboembolic events were observed during treatment. Final angiographic follow-up time ranged from 3 to 18 months. Conclusions The ＂remodeling technique＂ with the HyperForm balloon is a very useful tool in the treatment of wide-necked or unfavorable neck/fundus ratio intracranial aneurysms - located on an arterial bifurcation or a small artery and, especially, located on the bifurcation of a large artery and a small one. In our experience, this technique provided a safe and efficient treatment for difficult aneurvsms when the standard remodelina techniaue miaht have failed.

关键词： aneurysms remodeling technique HyperForm balloon endovascular treatment

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PVD溅射技术在MEMS器件制作中的应用

传感技术学报 2006年第5A期19卷 1434-1436,1440页

作者：王雄吴学忠国防科技大学机电工程与自动化学院长沙410073

简单介绍了PVD溅射系统和溅射原理.实验分析了PVD溅射技术在微晶玻璃基片溅射沉积Cu膜时,沉积速率随相关工艺参数变化而变化的几点规律.给出了用PVD溅射技术沉积的Cu膜的表面形貌(AFM)图和显微镜照片.

关键词：微机电系统 PVD溅射薄膜沉积速率原子力显微镜

Embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer： technical aspects

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第16期122卷 1851-1856页

作者： GAO Kun YANG Xin-jian MU Shi-qing LI You-xiang ZHANG You-ping LU Ming wu zhong-xue Department of Neuroradiosugery Beijing Neurosurgery Institute Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100050 China

Background Endovascular therapy plays an important role in the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations （BAVMs）. Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer （Onyx） is a novel liquid embolic material. This study aimed to summarize our experience of using Onyx for embolization of BAVMs with the focus on embolization technique. Methods From September 2003 to November 2007, 115 patients （43 women and 72 men, with a mean age of 29 years） with BAVMs were endovascularly treated with Onyx in our department. The following features of all AVMs were evaluated prior to treatment： type of nidus and shunt, draining veins, and feeding arteries. A total of 196 endovascular procedures were performed. Results The course of endovascular treatment was completed in 88 patients. Additional sessions were planned in 27 patients. Of the 88 patients, total occlusion was obtained in 23 patients （26.1%）, near-total （〉80% of the original volume） occlusion was obtained in 35 patients （39.8%） and partial occlusion （〈80% of the original volume） was obtained in 30 patients （34.1%） using embolization as the sole therapeutic technique. Mean volume reduction was 72% （range 30%-100%） in 115 patients. Thirty four patients （38.6%, 34/88） underwent radiosurgical treatment. Additional embolization sessions were planned in 27 patients. Complications occurred in 19 patients （16.5%, 19/115）, leading to death in one patient （mortality 0.9%） and permanent disabling in 3 patients （morbidity 2.6%）. Conclusions Onyx was shown to be feasible and safe for embolization of BAVMs. Proper use of the Onyx injection technique largely improved the endovascular treatment of BAVMs. Large AVMs can be adequately reduced in size through the use of additional treatment.

关键词： brain arteriovenous malformations endovascular treatment Onyx copolymer

Endovascular treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations with Onyx embolization

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Chinese Medical Journal 2005年第24期118卷 2041-2045页

作者： HE Hong-wei JIANG Chu-han LIU Hong-bing LI You-xiang ZHANG Jing-bo wu zhong-xue Department of Neurosurgery Qilu Hospital Shandong UniversityJinan 250012 China Department of Neuroradiosugery Beijing Neurosurgery Institute Beijing 100050China

Background In the past 5 years, new treatment materials and techniques offering a different concept in endovascular treatment have been described for cerebral arteriovenous malformations （CAVMs）. The aim of this study was to assess the endovascular treatment of CAVMs by using a liquid embolic material, Onyx （ Micro Therapeutics. Inc. , Irvine, CA, USA）. Methods From September 2003 to September 2004, Onyx was used to treat 22 patients with CAVMs. Ten AVMS were located in functional areas, 8 in deep cerebral areas, and 4 in the cerebellar hemisphere. The size of CAVMs was about 3 cm in diameter in 5 patients, 3 -6 cm in 11, and more than 6 cm in 6. Results In the 22 patients, Onyx embolization was successful. Nidus occlusion was complete in 3 patients, 〉 90% in 8, 〉 80% and 〈 90% in 6, and 〉 50% and 〈 80% in 5. Complications included transient neurological deficits in 2 patients, and adherence of microcatheter to the site of injection in 2. Conclusions Being non-adhesiveness, Onyx is a safe and satisfactory embolic material in the treatment of CAVMs. But its long-term efficacy awaits further follow-up.

关键词： cerebral arteriovenous malformations embolization, therapeutic Onyx copolymer

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一种新的RGBW显示器映射算法研究策略

液晶与显示 2019年第2期34卷 194-199页

作者：潘定平吴学忠中国电子科技集团公司第三十六研究所浙江嘉兴314033

在分析将rgb转换到RGBW的映射算法本质和已有几种算法的基础上,阐述了先决定亮度因子n再最大化利用白色子像素的算法研究策略,并据此提出了一种新算法,未来还可通过主观实验适当调整新算法的权重因子以获得更好的显示效果。通过MATLAB... 详细信息

在分析将rgb转换到RGBW的映射算法本质和已有几种算法的基础上,阐述了先决定亮度因子n再最大化利用白色子像素的算法研究策略,并据此提出了一种新算法,未来还可通过主观实验适当调整新算法的权重因子以获得更好的显示效果。通过MATLAB仿真分析证明此算法在具有较优亮度的同时具有最好的白色子像素利用率,大大降低了能耗,延长了显示设备的使用寿命。通过本文算法的研究策略不仅有助于优秀新算法的提出,而且可用于优化已有几种算法的白色子像素利用率,进而推动RGBW显示技术的普及推广。

关键词： RGBW 映射算法亮度因子白色子像素利用率功耗