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The upper mantle structure of the Tibetan Plateau and its implication for the continent-continent collision

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1158-1164页

作者： wu Qingju1, ZENG Rongsheng1 & ZHAO Wenjin2.1. institute of {2., China Earthquake Administration, {2. 100081, China 2. institute of geology, China Academy of Geological Sciences, {2. 100037, China 1. institute of geophysics China Earthquake Administration 100081 Beijing China 2. institute of geology China Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China

The upper mantle structures of Himalayas-Tibet have been obtained from the mi-gration of receiver functions of the teleseismic events recorded by INDEPTH-III. The result of migration imaging shows a dipping interface subducting northward from the depth of 100 km to the 410-km discontinuity underneath southern Tibet. It indicates that the lithospheric mantle of the Indian continent had been detached from the crust and deeply subducted to the upper mantle of Eurasia during the Indo-Eurasian collision. This kind of continent-continent collision process is fundamentally different from the oceanic collision.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau, receiver function, upper mantle structures, Indo-Eurasian collision, dipping interface.

Jinning granodiorite and diorite deeply concealed in the central Tarim Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2061-2068页

作者： LI Yuejun1, 2. SONG Wenjie2. wu genyao1, WANG Yifen1, LI Yuping2.& ZHENG Duoming2.1. {2. of {2. & geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., China 2. Tarim Oil-field Company, PetroChina, Korla 841000, China 1. institute of geology & {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences 100029 Beijing China 2. Tarim Oil-field Company 841000 Korla PetroChina China

The 72.0-m-deep Well Tacan 1 in the central Tarim Basin is the deepest in China. Purplish gray medium-grained granodiorite containing dark gray fine-grained diorite xenolith is revealed at the base of the well (7169―72.0 m), and they are results of the Jinning magmatic activities. Trace-element geochemistry and REE profiles of both rock types are similar, indicating that they are calc-alkaline series I-type granitoid. Proxies of diorite signify the development of a magmatic arc due to subduction at ca. 12.0 Ma. The granodiorite was formed before 890―932.Ma. However, more study is needed to clarify if the arc diorite represents a ca. 300 Ma extension of the subduction or a reactivation during the orogenic collision event at ca. 900 Ma.

关键词： diorite, granodiorite, magmatic arc, Jinning orogeny, Tarim Basin.

The features of gravity field and deep structure in western part of the South Yellow Sea

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第8期45卷 759-764页

作者： WANG Qianshen1 & AN Yulin1. institute of geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 100101, China 2. Chinese University of geology, {2. 100083, China institute of geophysics Chinesc Academy of Sciences Beijing China Chinese University of geology Beijing China

The gravity data from the sea region to the west of 12.° E of the South Yellow Sea have been processed and the feature of gravity fields analyzed. An experience relationship formula on the filter wavelength and corresponding depth has been put forward. Combined with the geological and seismic data, the deep tectonic framework and structural characters as well as possible favourable prospecting district for hydrocarbon in the South Yellow Sea have been discussed and analyzed.

关键词： western part of the South Yellow Sea gravity field deep structure.

Comparison of eastern paleo-Tethyan ophiolites and its geodynamic significance--Evidence from Dur'ngoi ophiolite

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第4期47卷 378-384页

作者： CHEN Liang1,2. SUN Yong1,2. PEI Xianzhi2. Feng Tao2.& Zhang Guowei2.1. Open Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi抋n 710069, China 2. institute of geology and {2., Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., China Open Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi’an 710069 China institute of geology and {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Nd-Pb isotopic geochemistry of metabasalt from Dur抧goi ophiolite, Qinghai Prov-ince, NW China reveals the presence of DMM mixing with EMII components in its upper mantle source, which is comparable with present Indian MORB. Comparisons indicate that the geo-chemistry, chronology and source characteristics of Dur抧goi ophiolite coincide with Pa-leo-tethyan ophiolites from 揝anjiang?area. Together with evidences from regional geology in adjacent areas, this study proves that independent paleo-tethyan basins evolved contemporarily, the dynamics of which is attributed to the interaction of mantle plume with over-riding lithosphere.

关键词： ophiolite, Paleo-Tethys, DUPAL anomaly, Indosinian movement.

Quantitative Evaluation of the Sea-level Drop at the End-Permian: Based on Reefs

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第1期77卷 95-102页

作者： wu Yasheng and FAN Jiasong institute of {2. and {2., Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002. Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

The amplitude of pre-Quaternary sea level drop, H, can be calculated by usingthe formula H = D + To, where To is the original thickness from the top of the tidal deposits onthe reef core to the bottom of the tidal deposits on the reef front, or to the bottom of the ancientmeteoric vadose zone, or to the edge of the mixed-water dolostone zone. The identity and similaritybetween the sea-level drop amplitudes calculated from different reefs far away from each otherindicates that such sea-level changes are eustatic rather than relative changes. Evidence of anend-Permian sea-level drop has been found on the Changxingian (i.e. the end of the Palaeofusulinazone) reefs at Ziyun in South China, including algal laminated deposits, sabkha-related dolostone,desiccation cracks, dissolution collapse breccia. According to calculation based on the meteoricdissolution zone of the reef-core sequence at Ziyun, Guizhou province, the amplitude of thesea-level drop at the end-Permian is about 89.3 m. Calculation via the dolomitized upper part of theChangxingian reef in Lichuan, Hubei Province, yields an 88.9 m amplitude of the sea-level drop atthe end-Permian. Comparison shows that the sea-level drop recorded in the two distantly locatedreefs may be of eustatic type. So the amplitude of the sea level drop of the Tethys Sea at theend-Permian might be at least 89.3 m.

关键词： sea-level drop eustatic reef Permian Changxingian

Uncertainty in magnetic activity indices

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1659-1664页

作者： XU WenYao institute of geology and {2., Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., China institute of geology and {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Magnetic activity indices are widely used in theoretical studies of solar-terrestrial coupling and space weather prediction. However, the indices suffer from various uncertainties, which limit their application and even mislead to incorrect conclu-sion. In this paper we analyze three most popular indices, Kp, AE and Dst. Three categories of uncertainties in magnetic indices are discussed: "data uncertainty" originating from inadequate data processing, "station uncertainty" caused by in-complete station covering, and "physical uncertainty" stemming from unclear physical mechanism. A comparison between magnetic disturbances and related indices indicate that the residual Sq will cause an uncertainty of 1―2.in K meas-urement, the uncertainty in saturated AE is as much as 50%, and the uncertainty in Dst index caused by the partial ring currents is about a half of the partial ring cur-rent.

关键词： magnetic activity indices Kp AE Dst solar-terrestrial coupling space weather

^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar dating of shear deformation of the Xianshuihe fault zone in west Sichuan and its tectonic significance

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 794-803页

作者： ZHANG Yueqiao1, CHEN Wen2. 3 & YANG Nong1 1. institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, beijing 100081, China 2. institute of geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, beijing 100037, China 3. institute of geology and geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., China institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China institute of geology and {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Based on field geological survey, structural measurements and classical Ar/Ar dating of mica, biotite and K-feldspar, we obtain cooling ages for Miocene left-lateral shear along the Xianshuihe fault zone. The results document two thermal events during the sinistral shear. The early event (12.10 Ma) corresponds to rapid cooling of the Zheduoshan granitic massif from above 700℃ to below 350℃. The late event (5-3.5 Ma) corresponds to cooling of granites intruded along the eastern side of the fault zone. These dating results provide important thermochronological constraint on the timing of late Cenozoic eastward extrusion of the Chuan-Dian Block in the SE Tibetan margin.

关键词： Xianshuihe fault zone, Zheduoshan granitic massif, sinistral shear deformation, 40Ar/39Ar dating, late Cenozoic.

Magma underplating and Hannuoba present crust-mantle transitional zone composition: Xenolith petrological and geochemical evidence

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1089-1105页

作者： FAN Qicheng1,2. ZHANG Hongfu1, SUI Jianli1, ZHAI Mingguo1, SUN Qian2.& LI Ni2.1. institute of geology and {2., Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., China 2. institute of geology, China Seismological Bureau, beijing 10002., China 1. institute of geology and {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences 100029 Beijing China 2. institute of geology China Seismological Bureau 100029 Beijing China

On the basis of mineral assemblage, mineralogy, petrology, and major, trace ele-mental and isotopic geochemistry of the underplated granulite- and eclogite-facies accumulate, peridotite and pyroxenite xenoliths entrained in Hannuoba Cenozoic basalts, this work con-strained the petrological constituents for the crust-mantle transitional zone, which is supported by the results of high-temperature and pressure velocity experiments on rocks and geophysics deep survey. Present lower part of lower crust is mainly composed of granulite-facies mafic accumu-lates (dominantly plagioclase websterite) and crust-mantle transitional zone dominantly com-posed of eclogite-facies pyroxenites with or without garnet and spinel lherzolites; Archaean ter-rain granulite is only nominally early lower crust. Magma underplating in the crust-mantle boundary led to the crustal vertical accretion and the formation of the crust-mantle transitional zone, which is a significant mechanism for the chemical adjustment of the crust-mantle boundary since the Phanerozoic.

关键词： magma underplating, xenolith petrology, geochemistry, cust-mantle boundary constituent, Hannuoba.

Si-and alkali-rich melt inclusions in minerals of mantle peridotites from eastern China:Implication for lithospheric evolution

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第1期49卷 43-49页

作者： FAN Qicheng1, SUI Jianli2. XU Ping2. LI Ni1, SUN Qian1 & WANG Tuanhua1 1. institute of geology, China Seismological Bureau,{2., China 2. institute of geology and geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,{2., China 1. institute of geology China Seismological Bureau Beijing 100029 China 2. institute of geology and {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Minerals of spinel- and garnet-facies mantle xenoliths entrained in Cenozoicbasalts from eastern China (North China, Northeastern China and Southeastern China coastal area)contains lots of melt inclusions. Studies on these melt inclusions show that the glass inclusionsare rich in SiO_2.(60%—68%) and alkalis (K_2.+Na_2. = 5%—11%, especially for K_2.) as well asvolatiles such as H_2. and CO_2.(2.—7%), which belong to dacites and andesites of the high-K calcicalkali series rocks with few shoshonites. High Al and Ca diopside in melt inclusion is the productof melt crystallization at high temperature and pressure, rather than the product ofdevitrification. Results show that these K-rich (in general K_2. > 3%) intermediate-acidic silicatemelt inclusions have characteristics of continent without a genetical link to host basalts and theirphenocrystic minerals. Thus, these trapped melt inclusions represent melts of Mesozoic lithosphericmantle-crust interaction and imply that the continental lithospheric mantle beneath eastern Chinahad undergone fragmentation and recreation processes during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic periods. Thisresult undoubtly provides important implication for the evolution of sub-continental lithospherebeneath eastern China. We propose that these Si- and alkalis-rich melts should be responsible forthe mantle chemical heterogeneity underneath eastern China.

关键词： Si- and alkali-rich melt inclusion, mantle peridotite, lithospheric evolution, eastern China.