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Recent progress and future directions of the research on nanoplastic-induced neurotoxicity

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 331-335页

作者： Seung-woo Han Jinhee Choi kwon-Yul Ryu Department of Life Science University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea School of Environmental Engineering University of SeoulSeoulSouth Korea

Many types of plastic products,including polystyrene,have long been used in commercial and industrial *** and nanoplastics,plastic particles derived from these plastic products,are emerging as environmental pollutants that can pose health risks to a wide variety of living organisms,including ***,it is not well understood how microplastics and nanoplastics affect cellular functions and induce stress *** can be exposed to polystyrene-microplastics and polystyrene-nanoplastics through ingestion,inhalation,or skin *** ingested plastics are excreted from the body,but inhaled plastics may accumulate in the lungs and can even reach the brain via the nose-to-brain ***-sized polystyrene-nanoplastics can enter cells by endocytosis,accumulate in the cytoplasm,and cause various cellular stresses,such as inflammation with increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production,oxidative stress with generation of reactive oxygen species,and mitochondrial *** induce autophagy activation and autophagosome formation,but autophagic flux may be impaired due to lysosomal *** permanently exposed to polystyrene-nanoplastics,they can be removed from cells by exocytosis and subsequently restore cellular ***,neurons are very susceptible to this type of stress,thus even acute exposure can lead to neurodegeneration without *** review focuses specifically on recent advances in research on polystyrene-nanoplastic-induced cytotoxicity and ***,in this review,based on mechanistic studies of polystyrene-nanoplastics at the cellular level other than neurons,future directions for overcoming the negative effects of polystyrene-nanoplastics on neurons were suggested.

关键词： autophagy cellular stress cytotoxicity endocytosis exocytosis inflammation microplastics nanoplastics neurotoxicity oxidative stress polystyrene

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Tetramic acid-motif natural products from a marine fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum FB06 and their anti-Parkinson activities

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 84-92页

作者： Yuna Jung Chaesun kwon Taeyeon Kim Jin woo Lee Min-Kyoo Shin Sang Hee Shim Natural Products Research Institute College of PharmacySeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy Duksung Women’s UniversitySeoul 01369Republic of Korea

Tetramic acid-containing natural products are attracting significantly increasing attention from biologists and chemists due to their intriguing structures and biological *** the present study,two new tetramic acid alkaloids tolypyridone I(1)and tolypyridone J(2),together with five known ones(3–7),were isolated from cultures of a marine fungus Tolypocladium cylindrosporum FB06 isolate obtained from a marine sediment in Beaufort sea of North *** structures were elucidated using 1D,2D NMR,and *** configurations were established on the basis of 1H coupling constants,ROESY correlations and DP4 *** 2 was isolated as mixtures of rotational isomers with C-3 to C-7 axis between 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone and 1-ethyl-3,5-dimethylcyclohexane,hindering *** our unbiased screening to discover neuroprotective compounds in an in vitro Parkinson’s disease(PD)model,SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells were treated with isolated compounds followed by treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP^(+)),a parkinsonian *** tested compounds,F-14329(7)significantly protected cells from MPP^(+)-induced ***^(+)-mediated cell death is known to be related to the regulation of Bcl-2 family proteins,specifically the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic Bax *** with 2 mmol/L of MPP^(+)for 24 h significantly reduced Bcl-2 levels compared to control treated with ***,treatment with F-14329(7)attenuated such *** study demonstrates that tetramic acid-motif compounds could be potential lead compounds for treating PD.

关键词： Tolypocladium cylindrosporum Tetramic acid Tolypyridone Parkinson’s disease

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Laser‑Induced and MOF‑Derived Metal Oxide/Carbon Composite for Synergistically Improved Ethanol Sensing at Room temperature

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 210-220页

作者： Hyeongtae Lim Hyeokjin kwon Hongki Kang Jae Eun Jang Hyuk‑Jun kwon Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science DGISTDaegu 42988South Korea Convergence Research Advanced Centre for Olfaction DGISTDaegu 42988South Korea

Advancements in sensor technology have significantly enhanced atmospheric ***,metal oxide and carbon(MO_(x)/C)hybrids have gained attention for their exceptional sensitivity and room-temperature sensing ***,previous methods of synthesizing MO_(x)/C composites suffer from problems,including inhomogeneity,aggregation,and challenges in ***,we introduce a refined method that employs a metal–organic framework(MOF)as a precursor combined with direct laser *** inherent structure of MOFs ensures a uniform distribution of metal ions and organic linkers,yielding homogeneous MO_(x)/C *** laser processing facilitates precise micropatterning(<2μm,comparable to typical photolithography)of the MO_(x)/C *** optimized MOF-derived MO_(x)/C sensor rapidly detected ethanol gas even at room temperature(105 and 18 s for response and recovery,respectively),with a broad range of sensing performance from 170 to 3,400 ppm and a high response value of up to 3,500%.Additionally,this sensor exhibited enhanced stability and thermal resilience compared to previous MOF-based *** research opens up promising avenues for practical applications in MOF-derived sensing devices.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Metal oxide Carbon composite Laser Gas sensor

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Novel Rifle Number Recognition Based on Improved YOLO in Military Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 249-263页

作者： Hyun kwon Sanghyun Lee Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Korea Military AcademySeoulKorea Graduate School of Information Security Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeonKorea

Deep neural networks perform well in image recognition,object recognition,pattern analysis,and speech *** military applications,deep neural networks can detect equipment and recognize *** military equipment,it is necessary to detect and recognize rifle management,which is an important piece of equipment,using deep neural *** have been no previous studies on the detection of real rifle numbers using real rifle image *** this study,we propose a method for detecting and recognizing rifle numbers when rifle image data are *** proposed method was designed to improve the recognition rate of a specific dataset using data fusion and transfer *** the proposed method,real rifle images and existing digit images are fusedas trainingdata,andthe final layer is transferredto theYolov5 *** detectionand recognition performance of rifle numbers was improved and analyzed using rifle image and numerical *** used actual rifle image data(K-2 rifle)and numeric image datasets,as an experimental *** was used as the machine learning *** results show that the proposed method maintains 84.42% accuracy,73.54% precision,81.81% recall,and 77.46% F1-score in detecting and recognizing rifle *** proposed method is effective in detecting rifle numbers.

关键词： Machine learning deep neural network rifle number recognition detection

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An Experimental Study on Response and Control of a Flapping-Wing Aerial Robot Under Wind Gusts

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 209-223页

作者： Kazuki Shimura Hikaru Aono Chang-kwon Kang Graduate School of Science and Technology Shinshu University3-15-1 TokidaUedaNagano 3868567Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics 3-15-1 TokidaUedaNagano 3868567Japan Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Alabama in HuntsvilleTechnology Hall N266HuntsvilleAL35899USA

Bioinspired flapping-wing micro-air-vehicles(FWMAVs)have the potential to be useful aerial tools for gathering information in various *** recent advancements in manufacturing technologies and better understanding of aerodynamic mechanisms behind of the flapping flight,outdoor flights have become a ***,to fully realize the potential of FWMAVs,further improvements are necessary,particularly in terms of stability and robustness under gusty *** this study,the response and control of a tailless two-winged FWMAV under the wind gusts are *** experiments are conducted with a one-degree-of-freedom gimbal to focus on effects of wind gusts on the rotational motion of the ***-derivative and sliding-mode controls are adopted for the attitude *** present that the body angles changed in time and reached approximately 50°at the maximum due to the wing *** sliding-mode controller can more effectively control the rotational angle in the presence of disturbances and both the wing speed and changes in wind speed have an impact on the effectiveness of attitude *** results contribute to the development of of tailless two-winged,single-motor driven FWMAVs in terms of the design of attitude controller and testing apparatus.

关键词： Flapping-wing micro-air vehicles Sliding-mode control Pitch and roll angle-Wind gus

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Towards high-performance and robust anion exchange membranes(AEMs)for water electrolysis:Super-acid-catalyzed synthesis of AEMs

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 478-510,I0012页

作者： Geun woong Ryoo Sun Hwa Park Ki Chang kwon Jong Hun Kang Ho Won Jang Min Sang kwon Department of Materials Science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials(RIAM)Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Materials Measurement Institute Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science(KRISS)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical ProcessSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Applied Measurement Science University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The increasing demand for hydrogen energy to address environmental issues and achieve carbon neutrality has elevated interest in green hydrogen production,which does not rely on fossil *** various hydrogen production technologies,anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE)has emerged as a next-generation technology known for its high hydrogen production efficiency and its ability to use non-metal ***,this technology faces significant challenges,particularly in terms of the membrane durability and low ionic *** address these challenges,research efforts have focused on developing membranes with a new backbone structure and anion exchange groups to enhance durability and ionic ***,the super-acid-catalyzed condensation(SACC)synthesis method stands out due to its user convenience,the ability to create high molecular weight(MW)polymers,and the use of oxygen-tolerant organic *** the synthesis of anion exchange membranes(AEMs)using the SACC method began in 2015,and despite growing interest in this synthesis approach,there remains a scarcity of review papers focusing on AEMs synthesized using the SACC *** review covers the basics of SACC synthesis,presents various polymers synthesized using this method,and summarizes the development of these polymers,particularly their building blocks including aryl,ketone,and anion exchange *** systematically describe the effects of changes in the molecular structure of each polymer component,conducted by various research groups,on the mechanical properties,conductivity,and operational stability of the *** review will provide insights into the development of AEMs with superior performance and operational stability suitable for water electrolysis applications.

关键词： Green hydrogen production Water electrolysis Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE) Anion exchange membranes(AEMs) Super-acid-catalyzed condensation(SACC)

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Effect of atractylenolide Ⅲ on zearalenone-induced Snail1-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition in porcine intestinal epithelium

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2081-2092页

作者： Na Yeon Kim Myoung Ok Kim Sangsu Shin woo‑Sung kwon Bomi Kim Joon Yeop Lee Sang In Lee Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Kyungpook National UniversitySangjuGyeong‑sangbuk‑do37224Republic of Korea Research Institute for Innovative Animal Science Kyungpook National UniversitySangjuGyeongsangbuk‑do 37224Republic of Korea National Institute for Korean Medicine Development Gyeongsan 38540Republic of Korea

Background The intestinal epithelium performs essential physiological functions,such as nutrient absorption,and acts as a barrier to prevent the entry of harmful *** are prevalent contaminants found in ani-mal feed that exert harmful effects on the health of ***(ZEA)is produced by the Fusarium genus and induces gastrointestinal dysfunction and disrupts the health and immune system of ***,we evaluated the molecular mechanisms that regulate the effects of ZEA on the porcine intestinal *** Treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with ZEA decreased the expression of E-cadherin and increased the expression of Snai1 and Vimentin,which induced Snail1-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).In addition,ZEA induces Snail-mediated EMT through the activation of TGF-β*** treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with atractyle-nolideⅢ,which were exposed to ZEA,alleviated *** Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of ZEA toxicity in porcine intestinal epi-thelial cells and ways to mitigate it.

关键词： Atractylenolide III Epithelial–mesenchymal transition IPEC-J2 cells Snail TGF-beta signaling Zearalenone

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Synaptic a-Si:H/a-Ga_(2)O_(3) phototransistor inspired by the phototaxis behavior of organisms with all-optical and all-electrical stimulation modes

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7631-7642页

作者： Youngbin Yoon Youngki Kim Soowon Choi Jungdae kwon Myunghun Shin School of Electronics and Information Engineering Korea Aerospace UniversityGoyang10540Republic of Korea Nano Materials Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea

To improve neuromorphic computing performance,neuromorphic system components should mimic the behaviors of organic *** this study,a synaptic a-Si:H/a-Ga_(2)O_(3)phototransistor featuring all-optical and-electrical emulation is fabricated in a manner advantageous for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor process *** phototransistor exhibits excitatory and inhibitory synaptic behaviors under stimulation by both optical and electrical *** mimics several essential synaptic functions,including excitatory postsynaptic current,inhibitory postsynaptic current,short-term memory,long-term memory,pairedpulse facilitation,and spike-timing-dependent *** optical and electrical modulation mechanisms are confirmed to arise from the a-Si:H/a-Ga_(2)O_(3) heterojunction structure and interface effects,and the device is shown to operate at low power in both optical and electrical *** all-optical weight modulation function is applied to the wavelength-differential behavior response of zebrafish,successfully mimicking the color perception process of the ***,to verify the translation of the optoelectrical-derived synaptic behaviors of the phototransistor into artificial neuromorphic computation,handwritten digit image recognition of the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology dataset is performed by a convolutional neural network,with a demonstrated average learning accuracy of 98.46%.These findings verify the applicability of the synaptic a-Si:H/a-Ga_(2)O_(3) phototransistor in neuromorphic computing.

关键词： synaptic phototransistor artificial synapse phototaxis neuromorphic computing interface charge state optoelectronic synaptic device

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Enhancing Identity Protection in Metaverse-Based Psychological Counseling System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 617-632页

作者： Jun Lee Hanna Lee Seong Chan Lee Hyun kwon Department of Game Software Hoseo UniversityAsan-si31499Korea Yatav Enter Seoul04799Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Korea Military AcademySeoul01805Korea

Non-face-to-face psychological counseling systems rely on network technologies to anonymize information regard-ing client ***,these systems often face challenges concerning voice data leaks and the suboptimal communication of the client’s non-verbal expressions,such as facial cues,to the *** study proposes a metaverse-based psychological counseling system designed to enhance client identity protection while ensuring efficient information delivery to counselors during non-face-to-face *** proposed systemincorporates a voicemodulation function that instantlymodifies/masks the client’s voice to safeguard their ***,it employs real-time client facial expression recognition using an ensemble of decision trees to mirror the client’s non-verbal expressions through their avatar in the metaverse *** system is adaptable for use on personal computers and smartphones,offering users the flexibility to access metaverse-based psychological counseling across diverse *** performance evaluation of the proposed system confirmed that the voice modulation and real-time facial expression replication consistently achieve an average speed of 48.32 frames per second or higher,even when tested on the least powerful smartphone ***,a total of 550 actual psychological counseling sessions were conducted,and the average satisfaction rating reached 4.46 on a 5-point *** indicates that clients experienced improved identity protection compared to conventional non-face-to-face metaverse counseling ***,the counselor successfully addressed the challenge of conveying non-verbal cues from clients who typically struggled with non-face-to-face psychological *** proposed systemholds significant potential for applications in interactive discussions and educational activities in the metaverse.

关键词： Metaverse counseling system face tracking identity protection

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Systemic lupus erythematosus in a 15-year-old female with multiple splenic nodules:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2128-2133页

作者： Mi Il Kang Hyeok Chan kwon Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineDankook University College of MedicineCheonan-si 31116South Korea Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineDankook University HospitalDankook University College of MedicineCheonan-si 31116South Korea

BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting young *** can invade any organ,and various forms of splenic invasion have been *** include splenomegaly and splenic infarction,rupture,and *** study encountered a rare case of splenic involvement,with nodules of various sizes without calcifications or *** SUMMARY A 15-year-old girl presented with arthralgia,weight loss,fever,increased levels of inflammatory markers,and positive antinuclear antibody test *** patient was diagnosed with *** was asymptomatic while taking steroids and *** months after discharge,the patient developed a fever and abdominal *** enteritis was suspected,and abdominopelvic computed tomography(AP-CT)was *** were no specific findings in the gastrointestinal tract,but multiple splenic nodules were *** or hemangioma was considered;however,no specific radiological findings were observed.A biopsy of the spleen was performed to determine the possibility of *** histological findings of the spleen included extensive periarteriolar necrosis with hematoxylin bodies and numerous karyorrhectic *** on the biopsy results,the patient was diagnosed with an SLE flare-up and was maintained on high-dose steroids and *** As disease activity increased,multiple nodules in the spleen that were previously unseen were observed using AP-CT and histologically *** invasion by SLE can appear in multiple nodular forms and ***,physicians should consider these findings when differentiating these nodules from infections and malignancies.

关键词： Multiple nodules Spleen Splenectomy Systemic lupus erythematosus Differential diagnosis Case report

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