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The Galactic halo magnetic field revisited

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第12期10卷 1287-1297页

作者： wolfgang Reich Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 53121 Bonn Germany

Recently, Sun et al. published new Galactic 3D-models of magnetic fields in the disk and halo of the Milky Way and the distribution of cosmic-ray electron density by taking into account the thermal electron density model NE2001 by Cordes ＆ Lazio. The models successfully reproduce observed continuum and polarization all-sky maps and the distribution of rotation measures of extragalactic sources across the sky. However, the model parameters obtained for the Galactic halo, although reproducing the observations, seem physically unreasonable： the magnetic field needs to be significantly stronger in the Galactic halo than in the plane and the cosmic-ray distribution must be truncated at about 1 kpc to avoid excessive synchrotron emission from the halo. The reason for these unrealistic parameters was the low scale-height of the warm thermal gas of about 1 kpc adopted in the NE2001 model. However, this scale- height seemed reasonable and was well studied by numerous investigations. Recently, the scale-height of the warm gas in the Galaxy was revised by Gaensler et al. to about 1.8 kpc, by showing that the 1 kpc scale-height results from a systematic bias in the analysis of pulsar data. This implies a higher thermal electron density in the Galactic halo, which in turn reduces the halo magnetic field strength to account for the observed rotation measures of extragalactic sources. We slightly modified the NE2001 model according to the new scale-height and revised the Sun et al. model parameters accordingly： the strength of the regular halo magnetic field is now 2 μG or lower, and the physically unrealistic cutoff in z for the cosmic-ray electron density is removed. The simulations based on the revised 3D-models reproduce all-sky observations as before.

关键词： ISM: magnetic fields -- ISM: structure -- radio continuum: ISM

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Quasi-linear Cycle Sets and the Retraction Problem for Set-theoretic Solutions of the Quantum Yang-Baxter Equation

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Algebra Colloquium 2016年第1期23卷 149-166页

作者： wolfgang Rump Institute for Algebra and Number Theory University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 57 D-70550 Stuttgart Germany

Cycle sets were introduced to reduce non-degenerate unitary Yang-Baxter maps to an algebraic system with a single binary operation. Every finite cycle set extends uniquely to a finite cycle set with a compatible abelian group structure. Etingof et al. introduced affine Yang-Baxter maps. These are equivalent to cycle sets with a specific abelian group structure. Abelian group structures have also been essential to get partial results for the still unsolved retraction problem. We introduce two new classes of cycle sets with an underlying abelian group structure and show that they can be transformed into each other while keeping the group structure fixed. This leads to a proper extension of the retractibility conjecture and new evidence for its truth.

关键词： quantum Yang-Baxter equation set-theoretical solution cycle set

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Avian magnetic compass:Its functional properties and physical basis

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Current Zoology 2010年第3期56卷 265-276页

作者： Roswitha WILTSCHKO wolfgang WILTSCHKO Fachbereich Biowissenschaften J.W.Goethe-Universitt Frankfurt

The avian magnetic compass was analyzed in bird species of three different orders - Passeriforms, Columbiforms and Galliforms - and in three different behavioral contexts, namely migratory orientation, homing and directional conditioning. The respective findings indicate similar functional properties： it is an inclination compass that works only within a functional window around the ambient magnetic field intensity; it tends to be lateralized in favor of the fight eye, and it is wavelength-dependent, requiring light from the short-wavelength range of the spectrum. The underlying physical mechanisms have been identified as radical pair processes, spin-chemical reactions in specialized photopigments. The iron-based receptors in the upper beak do not seem to be involved. The existence of the same type of magnetic compass in only very distantly related bird species suggests that it may have been present already in the common ancestors of all modem birds, where it evolved as an all-purpose compass mechanism for orientation within the home range [Current Zoology 56 （3）： 265-276, 2010].

关键词： Magnetic compass Migration Homing Directional training Inclination compass Radical pair processes

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Near vision examination in presbyopia patients: Do we need good homologated near vision charts?

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 222-230页

作者： wolfgang Radner Austrian Academy of Ophthalmology Mollgasse 11A-1180 ViennaAustria

Presbyopia correction is mainly concerned with the goal of regaining an uncorrected reading *** historic reading charts do not provide a unique standard that is applicable for the analysis of clinical and scientific reading performance,new standardized reading charts have been developed,in order to provide reading performance analyses analogous to modern single-optotype distance acuity measurements:the Bailey-Lovie Word Reading Chart,the Colenbrander English Continuous Text Near Vision Cards,the MNREAD Charts,and the RADNER Reading *** last three are also meant to measure reading speed,thus allowing detailed analysis of the reading capabilities of the patient’s functional ***,these reading charts can be declared homologated,based on the standards that were published for reading charts by the Visual Function Committee of the International Council of Ophthalmology(ICO)in *** research studies have shown that by analyzing the reading performance with homologated reading charts,valuable insight into the reading performance of patients suffering from various diseases can be *** reading charts have also been successfully used in presbyopia *** therefore seems evident that homologated,standardized reading charts facilitate not only research concerning functional vision in many fields of ophthalmology but also international communication about near visual *** reading charts are available in almost all languages and have become a valuable tool in analyzing reading *** argue in this review that homologated reading charts are clearly a necessity for presbyopia research.

关键词： Reading charts Reading test Reading acuity Reading speed Reading performance Functional vision

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Insights into Theranostic Properties of Titanium Dioxide for Nanomedicine

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第2期12卷 102-136页

作者： Morteza Hasanzadeh Kafshgari wolfgang HGoldmann Department of Engineering Physics Polytechnique MontreálMontrealQC H3C3A7Canada Department of Physics Biophysics GroupUniversity of Erlangen-Nuremberg91052 ErlangenGermany

Titanium dioxide(TiO2)nanostructures exhibit a broad range of theranostic properties that make them attractive for biomedical ***2 nanostructures promise to improve current theranostic strategies by leveraging the enhanced quantum confinement,thermal conversion,specific surface area,and surface *** review highlights certain important aspects of fabrication strategies,which are employed to generate multifunctional TiO2 nanostructures,while outlining post-fabrication techniques with an emphasis on their suitability for *** biodistribution,toxicity,biocompatibility,cellular adhesion,and endocytosis of these nanostructures,when exposed to biological microenvironments,are examined in regard to their geometry,size,and surface *** final section focuses on recent biomedical applications of TiO2 nanostructures,specifically evaluating therapeutic delivery,photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy,bioimaging,biosensing,tissue regeneration,as well as chronic wound healing.

关键词： TiO2 nanostructures Drug delivery systems Bioimaging Biosensing Tissue regeneration

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THREE-DIMENSIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODEL AND ITS APPLICATION IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR DAM IN THE YANGTZE RIVER

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2002年第3期18卷 235-243页

作者：方红卫 wolfgang Rodi Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China 100084 Institute for Hydromechanics University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe 76128 Germany

The calculation of flow and sediment transport is one of the most important tasks in river engineering. The task is particularly difficult because a number of complex physical phenomena should be accounted for more realistically in a model with a predictive power. Three-dimensional calculations of river flow and suspended sediment transport are performed in this paper with application in the Three Gorges Reservoir in the Yangtze River. A period of 76 years after the dam is built is simulated and the results are compared with laboratory measurements obtained by Tsinghua University whereby the model is verified and calibrated. Generally speaking, the calculated results agree well with the experiments, demonstrating that the present model can be used for flow and sediment transport prediction in rivers.

关键词： three-dimensional mathematical model sediment transport Three Gorges Project (TGP)

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The Austrian node of the natural resources satellite remote sensing cloud service platform:examples of Sino-Austrian cooperation

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第1期24卷 145-151,I0015页

作者： wolfgang Kainz Xinming Tang Yucai Xue Department of Geography and Regional Research University of ViennaViennaAustria Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center Ministry of Natural Resources of the Peoples Republic of ChinaBeijingChina

The Austrian node of the Natural Resources Satellite Remote Sensing Cloud Service Platform was established in 2016 through a cooperation agreement between the Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center(LASAC),Ministry of Natural Resources of the Peoples Republic of China and the University of Vienna,*** this agreement panchromatic and multi-spectral data of the Chinese ZY-3 satellite are pushed to the server at the University of Vienna for use in education and *** far,nearly 500 GB of data have been uploaded to the *** technical note briefly introduces the ZY-3 system and illustrates the implementation of the agreement by the first China-Sat Workshop and several case *** of them are already completed,others are still *** include a geometric accuracy validation of ZY-3 data,an animated visualization of image quick views on a spherical display to demonstrate the time series of the image coverage for Austria and Laos,and the use of ZY-3 data to study the spread of bark beetle in the province of Lower *** accuracy study of DTMs from ZY-3 stereo data,as well as a land cover analysis and comparison of Austria with ZY-3 and other sensors are still ongoing.

关键词： Remote sensing geographic information systems ZY-3 satellite hyperglobe Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center(LASAC)

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Wntl-regu｜ated genetic networks in midbrain dopaminergic neuron development

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2014年第1期8卷 34-41页

作者： wolfgang Wurst Nilima Prakash Institute of Developmental Genetics Helmholtz Zentrum MCinchen German Research Center for Environmental Health and Technische Universit~it MCinchen-Weihenstephan Lehrstuhl for Entwicklungsgenetik Ingolst~idter Landstr. I 85764 Neuherberg Germany Deutsches Zentrum fiJr Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) Standort MiJnchen Schinerstr. 44 80336 MCinchen Germany Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry Kraepelinstrasse 2-10 80804 MiJnchen Germany

Neurons synthesizing the neurotransmitter dopamine exert crucial functions in the mammalian brain. The biggest and most important population of dopamine-synthesizing neurons is located in the mammalian ventral midbrain （VM）, and controls and modulates the exe- cution of motor, cognitive, affective, motivational, and rewarding behaviours. Degeneration of these neurons leads to motor deficits that are characteristic of Parkinson＇s disease, while their dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and addiction. Because the aetiology and therapeutic prospects for these diseases include neurodevelopmental aspects, substantial scientific interest has been focused on deciphering the mechanistic pathways that control the generation and sur- vival of these neurons during embryonic development. Researches during the last decade revealed the pivotal role of the secreted Wntl ligand and its signaUing cascade in the generation of the dopamine-synthesizing neurons in the mammalian VM. Here, we summarize the initial and more recent findings that have unravelled several Wntl-controUed genetic networks required for the proliferation and commitment of VM progenitors to the dopaminergic cell fate during midgestational embryonic stages, and for the correct differentiation of these progenitors into postmitotic dopamine-synthesizing neurons at late midgestational embryonic and foetal stages.

关键词： Wntl dopamine neuron ventral midbrain mouse

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Mixed Phase Anatase/rutile Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene-blue

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Nano-Micro Letters 2011年第4期3卷 236-241页

作者： Mario Boehme wolfgang Ensinger Department of Materials Science Darmstadt University of Technology

Titanium dioxide Nanotubes(TNTs) prepared by electroless deposition have been annealed at air ambient and low temperature. As a result, the anatase/rutile phase composition of the TNTs can be tailored to the needs of later applications. Nanotubes with anatase/rutile mixed phase ratio of 4:1 have been produced in this report and further examined for their photocatalytical behavior. The photocatalytical properties of the TNTs have been observed by degradation of methylene-blue in aqueous solution under low power UV-light irradiation. The results shown in this report are based on the synergetic effect between rutile and anatase,which results in the mixed phase TiO 2 nanotubes having enhanced photocatalytical properties.

关键词： Electroless deposition Degussa P25 Nanotubes Titanium dioxide Anatase

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Empirical likelihood-based dimension reduction inference for linear error-in-responses models with validation study

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Science China Mathematics 2004年第6期47卷 921-939页

作者： Wang Qihua Hardie wolfgang Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080China Center for Applied Statistics and Economics Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin10178 BerlinGermany

In this paper, linear errors-in-response models are considered in the presence of validation data on the responses. A semiparametric dimension reduction technique is employed to define an estimator of β with asymptotic normality, the estimated empirical loglikelihoods and the adjusted empirical loglikelihoods for the vector of regression coefficients and linear combinations of the regression coefficients, respectively. The estimated empirical log-likelihoods are shown to be asymptotically distributed as weighted sums of independent X 2 1 and the adjusted empirical loglikelihoods are proved to be asymptotically distributed as standard chi-squares, respectively.

关键词： confidence intervals error-in-response validation data

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