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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1447-1452页

作者： Lukas Feldhaus Andreas Ohlmann Stefan Kassumeh Siegfried Priglinger wolfgang Mayer Department of Ophthalmology University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80336Germany

AIM:To investigate a novel phacoemulsification system“EVA NEXUS”(D.O.R.C.,Dutch Opthalmic Research Center)in comparison to the existing system“EVA”in clinical *** to compare both phacoemulsification systems in terms of efficiency,safety and postoperative inflammatory ***:In this study standardized cataract surgery was performed on both eyes of the study participant,using the“EVA system”(control group,n=20)on one eye and the“EVA NEXUS system”(intervention group,n=20)on the other *** patients with cataract LOCS Grading 1-3 and no accompanying eye diseases were included in this study.A total of 20 patients were included in this study,with each treatment arm including 20 *** surgery a 0.1 mL aqueous humor sample was collected 1min after phacoemulsification to measure the total prostaglanin E2 concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** endothelial cell count,visual and refractive outcomes,and anterior chamber flare were evaluated preoperatively,and 1d,1wk,and 3mo ***:There were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding intraoperative safety parameters including effective phacoemulsification time(P=0.904),balanced saline solution flow(P=0.701)and total surgery time(P=0.565).Postoperative prostaglandin E2 levels,anterior chamber flare as well as endothelial cell loss tended to be lower in the NEXUS-Group,however not being statistically significant(P=0.718;0.164;0.486).Both systems provided similar clinical outcomes,regarding best corrected visual acuity and refractive parameters,showing no statistically significant differences between both ***:Both systems show a high level of safety and efficency with similar results in terms of safety parameters including postoperative inflammatory activity and endothelial cell loss as well as visual and refractive *** statistically not significant,the EVA NEXUS system tends to cause less postoperative inflammatio

关键词： cataract surgery phacoemulsification fluidics instrument

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Going deep:Roots,carbon,and analyzing subsoil carbon dynamics

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 1-3页

作者： Ezhilmathi Angela Joseph Fernando Michael Selvaraj Yusaku Uga wolfgang Busch Hunt Bowers Joe Tohme Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Km 17 Recta Cali-PalmiraAprtado Aereo 6713Cali 763537Colombia National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences(NIAS) TsukubaIbaraki 305-0856Japan Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 N Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA Earth Optics Suite 840ArlingtonVA 22202USA

Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide ***,various options exist,such as converting new lands for agriculture,promoting healthier plant-based diets,adopting advanced management technologies,and minimizing food ***,these measures alone are insufficient to ensure environmental sustainability within planetary boundaries.

关键词： soil measures carbon

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Towards engineering a portable platform for laparoscopic pre-training in virtual reality with haptic feedback

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第2期6卷 83-99页

作者： Hans-Georg ENKLER wolfgang KUNERT Stefan PFEFFER Kai-Jonas BOCK Steffen AXT Jonas JOHANNINK Christoph REICH Furtwangen University 78120 FurtwangenGermany University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Tuebingen 72076 TuebingenGermany

Background Laparoscopic surgery is a surgical technique in which special instruments are inserted through small incision holes inside the *** some time,efforts have been made to improve surgical pre training through practical exercises on abstracted and reduced *** The authors strive for a portable,easy to use and cost-effective Virtual Reality-based(VR)laparoscopic pre-training platform and therefore address the question of how such a system has to be designed to achieve the quality of today's gold standard using real tissue *** VR controllers are limited regarding haptic *** haptic feedback is necessary or at least beneficial for laparoscopic surgery training,the platform to be developed consists of a newly designed prototype laparoscopic VR controller with haptic feedback,a commercially available head-mounted display,a VR environment for simulating a laparoscopic surgery,and a training *** To take full advantage of benefits such as repeatability and cost-effectiveness of VR-based training,the system shall not require a tissue sample for haptic *** is currently calculated and visually displayed to the user in the VR *** the prototype controller,a first axis was provided with perceptible feedback for test *** of the prototype VR controllers can be combined to simulate a typical both-handed use case,e.g.,laparoscopic suturing.A Unity based VR prototype allows the execution of simple standard *** The first prototype enables full operation of a virtual laparoscopic instrument in *** addition,the simulation can compute simple interaction *** challenges lie in a realistic real-time tissue simulation and calculation of forces for the haptic *** weaknesses were identified in the first hardware prototype,which will be improved in subsequent *** degrees of freedom of the controller are to be provided with haptic *** make forces t

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Training Virtual reality Controller Haptic feedback Kinesthetic skills

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Customized molecular tools to strengthen metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria

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Green Carbon 2024年第2期2卷 149-163页

作者： Stephan Klähn Franz Opel wolfgang R.Hess Department of Solar Materials Biotechnology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZLeipzig 04318Germany Genetics and Experimental Bioinformatics Albert-Ludwig University FreiburgFreiburg im Breisgau 79104Germany

Cyanobacteria are promising oxygenic phototrophs for the production of various *** their(photo)biotechnological exploitation,molecular tools are required,such as,for the introduction and expression of heterologous genes,or the modulation of enzyme activities or entire *** and strategies for the development of photosynthetic biomanufacturing technologies based on cyanobacteria have been extensively reviewed,as well as certain specialized aspects of their genetic ***,options for metabolic engineering of specific cyanobacterial cells are still less developed than those for other bacteria of biotechnological *** addition to the standard genetic toolbox for“classical”metabolic engineering,we emphasize certain aspects,including recently developed vector systems for the extrachromosomal maintenance of genes and approaches based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)*** highlight the development of custom molecular tools for specific strains or products,discuss the emerging use of small regulatory proteins that appear promising for advanced metabolic engineering approaches to promote specific product formation,and provide an overview of suitable online ***,we discuss the current trends in this field and indicate their potential,such as using suitable product sensors that enable systematic screening,and optimization approaches.

关键词： Metabolic engineering Cyanobacteria Synthetic plasmids Regulatory proteins Sensors

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264米的美国魔鬼塔为什么全球登顶者不足百人？

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环球人文地理 2024年第13期 90-97页

作者：李嘉麟 Dan Gary GRP Imagery kellyvandellen Kyle samantha Jacob wolfgang flickr

在美国怀俄明州，有一座不足300米的“矮山”。别看它不高，论起攀登难度，就连珠峰登顶者都对它望洋兴叹。在美国怀俄明州东北部，有一座由火山岩和沉积岩构成的圆柱形岩石塔——魔鬼塔。它矗立在一望无际的草原上，显得格外突兀。谁...

在美国怀俄明州，有一座不足300米的“矮山”。别看它不高，论起攀登难度，就连珠峰登顶者都对它望洋兴叹。在美国怀俄明州东北部，有一座由火山岩和沉积岩构成的圆柱形岩石塔——魔鬼塔。它矗立在一望无际的草原上，显得格外突兀。谁能相信，近百年来，能够登上264米塔顶的登山者不足百人。那么，魔鬼塔是怎么形成的呢？这个问题，让好事者争论了一百多年。

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A Maintenance Service Improvement Approach Based on Queue Networks: Application

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 425-440页

作者： Aslain Brisco Ngnassi Djami wolfgang Nzié Boukar Ousman Joseph Nkongho Anyi Ulrich Ngnassi Nguelcheu Department of Fundamental Sciences and Techniques of Engineer Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries School University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Laboratory of Mechanics Materials and Photonics National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Electrical Engineering Energy and Automation National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Laboratory E3M Faculty of Industrial Engineering University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The quest to increase the performance of production systems that have become complex leads to the transfer to the maintenance function of the responsibility of guaranteeing the availability of such systems. Also, we will never stop saying that maintenance must integrate into all of the company’s initiatives, to affirm its role, which is to ensure greater availability and sustainability of the means of production. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the reliability and availability of a system without knowing the distribution law of the operating times. Among the methods for evaluating dependability criteria (Fault Trees, Petri Nets, etc.), we are interested in queues that have the advantage of taking into account functional dependencies, thus allowing a quantified optimization of maintenance. Indeed, queues make it possible to model parallel or sequential processes, implementing operations taking place at the same time or one after the other, meeting the needs of modeling production systems. The main result of this paper is the study of the influence of availability on the reliability of a multi-state production system.

关键词： Markov Chains Queues Availability Reliability Maintenance

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把握机会窗口期减缓气候变化对中国居民健康影响

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科学通报 2023年第15期68卷 1899-1905页

作者：蔡闻佳张弛张诗卉艾思奇白玉琪鲍俊哲常楠陈彬陈慧琪程亮亮崔学勤戴瀚程 Bawuerjiang Danna 底骞董伟董文轩窦德景范维澄范星房小怡高仝高源耿阳关大博郭亚菲 Ian Hamilton 胡艺馨华峻翊黄存瑞黄弘黄建斌蒋俏蕾姜晓朋柯丕煜 Gregor Kiesewetter Pete Lampard 李传玺李瑞奇李双利梁璐林波荣林华亮刘欢刘起勇刘小波刘心远刘昱甫刘钊刘竹楼书含鲁晨曦罗勇罗震宇马伟 Alice McGushin 牛彦麟任超阮增良 wolfgang schöpp 单钰理苏婧孙韬淳王灿王琼文三妹谢杨熊辉徐冰徐朦颜钰杨军杨廉平杨秀俞乐岳玉娟曾仪娉张镜张少辉张曜张仲宸赵继尧赵亮赵梦真赵琦赵哲周景博朱征宏陈冯富珍宫鹏清华大学地球系统科学系北京100084 北京理工大学管理与经济学院北京100081 中山大学公共卫生学院广州510080 郑州大学公共卫生学院郑州450001 南京医科大学公共卫生学院南京211166 北京师范大学环境学院北京100875 北京大学环境工程学院北京100871 清华大学新闻与传播学院北京100084 清华大学万科公共卫生学院北京100084 浙江大学地球科学学院杭州310058 清华大学公共安全研究所北京100084 清华大学工程物理系北京100084 百度研究院北京100091 山东师范大学环境与生态研究院济南250013 中国气象科学研究院气象影响与风险研究中心北京100086 山东师范大学商学院济南250013 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所传染病预防控制国家重点实验室北京102206 清华大学建筑学院北京100084 中国疾病预防控制中心环境与人群健康重点实验室环境与健康相关产品安全所北京102206 Energy Institute University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK 南方科技大学统计与数据科学系深圳518055 香港大学建筑学院中国香港999077 世界卫生组织驻华代表处北京100600 Pollution Management Research Group EnergyClimateand Environment ProgramInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA)Schlossplatz 1-A-2361 LaxenburgAustria Department of Health Sciences University of YorkYork YO105DDCanada 山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院流行病学系济南250002 中国科学技术大学计算机科学与技术学院合肥230027 Department of Geography and the Environment University of North TexasDenton TX 76203-5017USA 清华大学环境学院北京100084 Geography College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeter EX12LUUK 山东大学气候变化与健康研究中心济南250002 Institute for Global Health University College LondonLondon WC1H 0ALUK school of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK 清华大学人文学院北京100084 北京航空航天大学经济与管理学院北京100083 香港科技大学(广州)信息枢纽人工智能学域广州511443 暨南大学环境与气候研究所广州510632 清华大学气候变化与可持续发展研究院北京100084 清华大学苏世民学院北京100084 清华大学体育学部北京100084 中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室北京100029 香港大学地球科学系和地理系中国香港999077

随着中国总人口的不断增加以及改革开放以来经济的飞速发展,中国面临来自气候变化的健康威胁也在不断上升.与此同时,中国也处于一个独特的机遇窗口期,如果能够有效应对气候变化带来的健康风险,将造福今后几代人的健康.反之,如果没有及... 详细信息

随着中国总人口的不断增加以及改革开放以来经济的飞速发展,中国面临来自气候变化的健康威胁也在不断上升.与此同时,中国也处于一个独特的机遇窗口期,如果能够有效应对气候变化带来的健康风险,将造福今后几代人的健康.反之,如果没有及时、充分的应对措施,气候变化对中国居民健康和生命的威胁将与日俱增.为了推动更及时且有利于改善人群健康的气候应对行动,由清华大学牵头建立的柳叶刀倒计时亚洲中心在全球柳叶刀倒计时工作的基础上[1,2],从2020年开始,聚焦气候变化对中国人群健康的影响进行全面且系统的评估[3,4].

关键词：减缓气候变化人群健康柳叶刀居民健康窗口期倒计时应对措施把握机会

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Evaluation of the Reliability of a System: Approach by Monte Carlo Simulation and Application

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 721-739页

作者： Aslain Brisco Ngnassi Djami Jean Bosco Samon Boukar Ousman Ulrich Ngnassi Nguelcheu wolfgang Nzié Guy Edgar Ntamack Bienvenu Kenmeugne Department of Fundamental Sciences and Techniques of Engineer Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries School University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Mechanical Engineering National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Electrical Engineering Energy and Automation National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

The objective of this paper is to evaluate the reliability of a system in its different states (absence of failures, partial failure and total failure) and to propose actions to improve this reliability by an approach based on Monte Carlo simulation. It consists of a probabilistic evaluation based on Markov Chains. In order to achieve this goal, the functionalities of Markov Chains and Monte Carlo simulation steps are deployed. The application is made on a production system. .

关键词： Evaluation Reliability Monte Carlo Markov Chain

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《欧盟人工智能法案》的背景、主要内容与评价——兼论该法案对劳动法的影响

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环球法律评论 2024年第3期46卷 5-27页

作者： [德]沃尔夫冈·多伊普勒德国不来梅大学法学院

为了应对人工智能系统带来的各种挑战,《欧盟人工智能法案》采用基于风险分类的监管路径。法案首先明确禁止了某些存在不可接受风险的人工智能系统,然后重点规制高风险人工智能系统,任何在欧盟市场上提供此类系统的企业都必须满足法案... 详细信息

为了应对人工智能系统带来的各种挑战,《欧盟人工智能法案》采用基于风险分类的监管路径。法案首先明确禁止了某些存在不可接受风险的人工智能系统,然后重点规制高风险人工智能系统,任何在欧盟市场上提供此类系统的企业都必须满足法案规定的从风险管理、数据治理到全面的记录义务等诸多要求。但是,法案的监管要求可能造成小微企业负担过重,模糊的规定也可能导致实施方面的困难。在劳动关系领域,对雇员进行社会评分、预测雇员犯罪风险、分析雇员情绪等人工智能系统可能因为存在不可接受的风险而被禁止。对岗位申请者和雇员使用人工智能系统的,则根据是否属于高风险系统而负担不同的义务。除了要让雇主向雇员提供相关人工智能技能培训以外,工作中使用ChatGPT的问题也值得关注。

关键词：欧盟人工智能法案风险分类劳动法 ChatGPT

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Holocene Climate Evolution of the Ugii Nuur Basin, Mongolia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第6期25卷 986-998页

作者： wolfgang schWANGHART Brigitta schTT Michael WALTHER Department of Environmental Sciences University of Basel Institute of Geographical Sciences Freie Universitt Berlin Mongolian Landscape Research Centre National University of Mongolia

In order to evaluate the Holocene palaeoenvironmental evolution of the Ugii Nuur basin, central Mongolia, investigations on chemical and mineralogical properties of lacustrine sediments were carried out on a 630 cm sediment core from lake Ugii Nuur. The interpretation of the record is based on a principal component analysis （PCA） of the elemental composition of the samples. The results show that lacustrine deposition started at 10.6 kyr BP. Low lake level conditions were identified during the Early Holocene （10.6-7.9 kyr BP）. The Mid Holocene （7.9-4.2 kyr BP） was characterized by generally higher lake levels and thus higher moisture supply, but it experienced strong climatic fluctuations. Arid conditions prevailed from 4.2-2.8 kyr BP and were followed by a stable, more humid phase until today.

关键词： lake sediments palaeoclimate Central Asia Mongolia Holocene

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