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Taguchi Full Factorial Design of Experiments Optimisation of Cutting Parameters for Energy Efficiency and Surface Roughness during the Dry Turning of EN19 Material

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第2期12卷 438-454页

作者： Nicholas Tayisepi Albert Nkulumo Mnkandla Godfrey Tigere Oscar Gwatidzo winnie Mutenhabundo Emmanuel Ndala Lovelace Makakatanwa Wagoneka Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering National University of Science and Technology Bulawayo Zimbabwe Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Harare Institute of Technology Harare Zimbabwe

During metal machining, the satisfactoriness of cost-quality-time matrix convergence effectively depends on the supreme selection of cutting parameters. This study investigated the energy use minimisation and quality surface generation through optimised cutting parameters application, as sustainability enhancement during dry turning of EN19 material. Cutting parameter optimisation is a serious challenge confronting the machining industry as they strive to achieve low energy use and better component quality generation from their operations. The utility material, EN19, is a medium-carbon low alloy steel which typically gets applied in the manufacturing of multiple profiled cylindrical machine tool, rail locomotives and motor vehicle component parts, inter alia. Taguchi Full Factorial experimental plan was used to organise the empirical experiments. ANOVA and the main effects plot signal-to-noise ratio optimisation analysis were utilised in the study to establish the influence of process parameters on the response parameters—surface roughness and energy use. The aim was to investigate and determine the correlation of the machining strategy parameters with the outcome of low energy use and quality surface texture of the components as the cutting parameters were varied, and optimised for minimum surface roughness and energy use. Results of the extensive experimental study, produced optimum cutting speed, rake angle variation and feed rate which respectively influence the response parameters positively for energy use minimisation and improved surface quality. Validation experiments confirmed model findings.

关键词： Machining Energy Use ANOVA Sustainable Manufacturing Machining Strategy

Predictive Factors for Pre-Eclampsia: A Case-Control Study in Two Hospitals in Yaounde

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 565-574页

作者： Junie Annick Metogo Ntsama Ines winnie Gouanfo Claude Hector Mbia Wilfried Loic Tatsipie Pascal Mpono Madye Ngo Dingom Felix Essiben Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal and prenatal morbidity and mortality, that complicates 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive factors for pre-eclampsia in two hospitals in the city of Yaoundé. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the Gynaecology & Obstetrics department of the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH) and the Main Maternity of the Yaoundé Central Hospital (MM-YCH) from February 1 to July 30, 2022. The cases were all pregnant women presenting with pre-eclampsia. The control group included pregnant women without pre-eclampsia. Descriptive statistics followed by logistic regression analyses were conducted with level of significance set at p-value Results: Included in the study were 33 cases and 132 controls, giving a total of 165 participants. The predictive factors for pre-eclampsia after multivariate analysis were: primiparity (aOR = 51.86, 95% CI: 3.01 - 1230.96, p = 0.045), duration of exposure to partner’s sperm Conclusion: The odds of pre-eclampsia increased with primiparity, duration of exposure to partner’s sperm < 3 months, personal history of pre-eclampsia and maternal history of pre-eclampsia. Recognition of these predictor factors would improve the ability to diagnose and monitor women likely to develop pre-eclampsia before the onset of disease for timely interventions.

关键词： Pre-Eclampsia Predictive Factors Yaoundé

Factors Associated with Renal Impairment in Patients on Tenofovir for Chronic Hepatitis B in Yaoundé (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期14卷 18-30页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Sonia Charlsia Ewuo Shu Mahamat Maimouna winnie Bekolo Nga Isabelle Dang Babagna Paul Talla Mathurin Kowo Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Gloria Enow Ashuntantang Hepato Gastroenterologist Service Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Internal Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Nephrologist Service Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Hepato Gastroenterologist Service Centre Medical la Cathedrale Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Tenofovir (TFV) is widely used to treat patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. But kidney abnormalities are the main concern using this drug. Few studies have described the renal impairment due to the TFV in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Sub-Saharan Africa. The objective was to evaluate factors associated with renal impairment observed in patients on TFV for CHB. Method: It was a hospital based cross sectional prospective study carried out from June 2023 to July 2023 in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and included any patient treated with TFV for CHB during at least a period of 6 months. For each participant, we collected in the medical report socio-demographic data, clinical data, baseline creatinine, treatment information (type of TFV which was Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) or Alafenamide (TAF), duration). Then, we collected blood samples to measure serum creatinine and phosphate levels and urine dipstick analysis. Factors associated with renal impairment were assessed with the Odds Ratio. A p value of Results: A total of 60 participants were included. The median age was 44 years [36-55] and median duration of TFV therapy was 17.5 months [11.7-25.7]. The prevalence of reduced eGFR (Conclusion: Kidney function was impaired in some patients receiving TFV for CHB. It should be monitored, particularly after 36 months and for those receiving TDF prodrug.

关键词： Chronic Hepatitis B Tenofovir Factors Associated Renal Impairment Cameroon

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外置视觉监测的机器人数字孪生系统研究

工业仪表与自动化装置 2024年第1期 47-50页

作者：张旭东王国庆刘平利杨嘉龙覃波石振宇 Njaramba winnie Nyokabi 长安大学工程机械学院陕西西安710064

目前,在直角坐标机器人的数字孪生系统研究中,存在数字端对物理端真实情况反应不足的问题。针对此问题,采用外置视觉和数字孪生系统模型相结合的方法,基于半物理仿真技术建立数字端模型,并构建了直角坐标机器人数字孪生系统,设计了结合... 详细信息

目前,在直角坐标机器人的数字孪生系统研究中,存在数字端对物理端真实情况反应不足的问题。针对此问题,采用外置视觉和数字孪生系统模型相结合的方法,基于半物理仿真技术建立数字端模型,并构建了直角坐标机器人数字孪生系统,设计了结合外置视觉的数字孪生系统模型,并就构建数字孪生系统所涉及的关键技术进行了分析,包括数字端模型、控制器、外置视觉监测等。实现了对直角坐标机器人数字孪生系统的开发,完成了相关功能的实现。

关键词：直角坐标机器人数字孪生外置监测半物理仿真

Development of systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma at 2013:Updates and insights

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第12期20卷 3135-3145页

作者： Stephen L Chan winnie Yeo Department of Clinical Oncology The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales Hospital State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China

A growing number of multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has undergone testing for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, this enthusiasm has recently been discouraged by a number of negative phase III studies on several anti-angiogenic TKIs in HCC. Several postulations have been made to account for this phenomenon, namely the plateau effects of anti-angiogenesis approach, the heterogeneity of HCC in terms of background hepatitis/cirrhosis and tumor biology, as well as the way how clinical trials are designed. Regardless of the underlying reasons, these results suggested that alternative strategies are necessary to further develop systemic therapy for HCC. Several new strategies are currently evaluated: for examples, molecular agents with activities against targets other than vascular endothelial growth factor receptor are being evaluated in on-going clinical trials. In addition, different approaches of targeted agents in combination with various treatment modalities, such as concurrently with another molecular agent, cytotoxic chemotherapy or transarterial chemoembolization, are being developed. This review aims to give a summary on the results of recently released clinical trials on TKIs, followed by discussion on some of the potential novel agents and combinational approaches. Future directions for testing innovative systemic agents for HCC will also be discussed.

关键词： Liver neoplasms Systemic treatment Biologics Staging Clinical trial

Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Associated Factors in the Garoua Central Prison, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期14卷 174-183页

作者： Mohamadou Abdou Galdima Adamou Dodo Balkissou Guy Roger Nsenga Djapa winnie Tatiana Bekolo Nga Gilles Aghoagni Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Ali Abas Mathurin Pierre Kowo Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Dominique Noah Noah Oudou Njoya Servais Albert Fiacre Eloumou Bagnaka Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Garoua Regional Hospital Garoua Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty de Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem in Cameroon. Garoua city is the headquarters of the North Region of Cameroon, where the HBV prevalence is among the highest of the country. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBsAg carriage and associated factors among persons incarcerated in the Garoua Central Prison. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from July 1 to July 31, 2023 at the Garoua Central prison. We included all prisoners willing to participate in the study and who gave their verbal consent. We collected data using a pre-established data entry form and we used rapid test for blood screening for HBV surface antigen (HBs Ag) with ELISA confirmation. Data were analyzed using the R® software for Windows. After the univariate analysis, we selected associated variables to HBV infection with p-value p-value was set at 5%. Results: We included 1389 prisoners out of which 97.6% were male. The median age (IQR) of the study population was 28 (23 - 35) years. The median (IQR) duration of incarceration was 12 (6 - 26) months and the mean (±sd) number of incarcerations was 1.24 (±0.6). HBV prevalence was estimated at 14.8% (95% CI: 13.0 - 16.7). Upon uni- and multivariate analysis, no risk factor was significantly associated with viral hepatitis B infection in our study population. Conclusion: The prevalence of Hepatitis B was high in the Garoua Central Prison, but there were no additional risk factors for HBV infection. There is a need to include the Garoua Central Prison and by the way other prisons in the country in the chronic viral hepatitis care program.

关键词： Hepatitis B Prison Associated factors Cameroon

Value of quality of life analysis in liver cancer: A clinician's perspective

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第20期9卷 867-883页

作者： Leung Li winnie Yeo Department of Clinical Oncology Prince of Wales HospitalFaculty of Medicinethe Chinese University of Hong KongChina

Health related quality of life(HRQOL) is increasingly recognized as an important clinical parameter and research endpoint in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). HRQOL in HCC patients is multifaceted and affected by medical factor which encompasses HCC and its complications, oncological and palliative treatment for HCC, underlying liver disease, as well as the psychological, social or spiritual reaction to the disease. Many patients presented late with advanced disease and limited survival, plagued with multiple symptoms, rendering QOL a very important aspect in their general well being. Various instruments have been developed and validated to measure and report HRQOL in HCC patients, these included general HRQOL instruments, e.g., Short form(SF)-36, SF-12, Euro Qo L-5D, World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment 100(WHOQOL-100), World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment abbreviated version; general cancer HRQOL instruments, e.g., the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer(EORTC) QLQ-C30, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy(FACT)-General, Spitzer Quality of Life Index; and liver-cancer specific HRQOL instruments, e.g., EORTC QLQ-HCC18, FACT-Hepatobiliary(FACT-Hep), FACT-Hep Symptom Index, Trial Outcome Index. Important utilization of HRQOL in HCC patients included description of symptomatology and HRQOL of patients, treatment endpoint in clinical trial, prognostication of survival, benchmarking of palliative care service and health care valuation. In this review, difficulties regarding the use of HRQOL data in research and clinical practice, including choosing a suitable instrument, problems of missing data, data interpretation, analysis and presentation are examined. Potential solutions are also discussed.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Health related quality of life Palliative care Prognosis Survival The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 QLQ-HCC18 Index score Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy EQ-5D Spitzer Short form 36 FHSI-8 World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment

Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of new diphenyl ether derivatives as serotonin transporter ligands

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Science China Chemistry 2008年第5期51卷 457-463页

作者： DEUTHER-CONRAD winnie BRUST Peter STEINBACH Jrg VERCOUILLIE Johnny Institute of Interdisciplinary Isotope Research

For the development of new ligands as potential imaging agents for the serotonin transporter (SERT),a series of diphenyl ether derivatives have been synthesized,characterized,and evaluated for their in vitro binding affinities to the SERT. Among the above compounds,2-(2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4-fluoro-phenoxy)-5-bromobenzenamine (15) and 2-(2-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4-fluorophenoxy)-5-iodobenzene amine (16) show high binding affinities for the SERT with Ki values of 0.28 and 0.20 nmol·L-1,respectively. They can be further labeled with carbon-11,fluorine-18,iodine-123 or bromine-76,and evaluated as useful imaging agents for the SERT. Moreover,the study of the structure-activity relationship (SAR) provides some useful information for the future design of new ligands.

关键词： serotonin transporter diphenyl ether imaging agents in vitro evaluation

Regulation of vacuolar proton pumping ATPase-dependent luminal acidification in the epididymis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 476-482页

作者： Ncolas Da Silva winnie W. C. Shum Sylvie Breton Program in Membrane Biology/Nephrology Division Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114 USA Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02215 USA

Luminal acidification in the epididymis is an important process for the regulation of male fertility. Low pH and low bicarbonate concentration are among key factors that keep spermatozoa in a dormant state while they mature and are stored in this organ. Although significant bicarbonate reabsorption is achieved by principal cells in the proximal regions of the epididymis, clear and narrow cells are specialized for net proton secretion. Clear cells express very high levels of the vacuolar proton pumping ATPase （V-ATPase） in their apical membrane and are responsible for the bulk of proton secretion. In the present paper, selected aspects of V-ATPase regulation in clear cells are described and potential pathologies associated with mutations of some of the V-ATPase subunits are discussed. （Asian J Androl 2007 July; 9： 476-482）

关键词： proton pump H^+-ATPase clear cells bicarbonate resorption