检索结果-南通市图书馆

Evaluation of the Effect of Agricultural Management on Energy Yield and Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction of Bioenergy Production Chains

引用

Natural Resources 2014年第7期5卷 322-335页

作者： Sjaak Conijn wim Corré Hans Langeveld Jacques Davies Biomass Research Wageningen The Netherlands Plant Research International Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR) Wageningen The Netherlands

The role of energy crops in reducing fossil energy use and greenhouse gas emission is much debated. To improve decision making on the use of crops for producing bioenergy, a tool (Energy Crop Simulation Model or E-CROP) has been developed to calculate 1) sustainable crop dry matter yield levels as function of agricultural inputs, and 2) gross and net energy yield and greenhouse gas emission reduction, covering the entire bioenergy production chain from sowing to distribution of bioenergy. E-CROP can be applied to a wide range of crops, soils, climatic conditions, management choices, and conversion technologies. This paper describes E-CROP and focuses on its application on four arable crops, as cultivated on two contrasting sites in the Netherlands (potato and sugar beet for bioethanol, winter oilseed rape for biodiesel and silage maize for bioelectricity) and on the effect of crop management (viz. irrigation and nitrogen fertilisation). In all situations, gross energy output exceeded total energy input. Calculated for an average situation, net energy yield ranged from 45 to 140 ***-1. Lowering irrigation and/or fertilisation input levels generally resulted in a reduction of net energy yields. The net reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the average situation ranged from 0.60 to 6.5 t ***-1. In general, N2O emission from nitrogen fertiliser caused large variations in the net reduction of greenhouse gas emission, which even became negative in some situations. Lowering nitrogen fertilisation to levels that are suboptimal for net energy yields enhanced the net reduction in greenhouse gas emission, implicating that both goals cannot be optimised simultaneously. Agricultural knowledge is important for optimising the outputs of bioenergy production chains.

关键词： Energy Crops Biodiesel Bioethanol Bioelectricity Sustainable Production Energy Yield Greenhouse Gas Emission

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

沥青自修复微胶囊研究进展

引用

材料导报 2020年第15期34卷 15092-15101页

作者：何亮黄胡端 wim Van den bergh Tóth Csaba 高杰 Karol Kowalski Jan Valentin 重庆交通大学交通土建材料国家地方联合实验室重庆400074 长安大学特殊地区公路工程教育部重点实验室西安710061 安特卫普大学应用工程学院比利时安特卫普G.Z.352 布达佩斯技术与经济大学土木工程学院匈牙利布达佩斯H-1521 华沙理工大学土木工程学院波兰华沙00-637 捷克理工大学土木工程学院捷克布拉格16629

微胶囊技术在世界上已应用于多个领域,包括医药、食品和化工等,具有广阔的应用前景。将微胶囊引入到沥青材料自修复中,可提高沥青材料的自修复能力并在裂缝产生初期即可自我修复,延长路面使用寿命。与传统的裂缝修补方法相比,微胶囊自... 详细信息

微胶囊技术在世界上已应用于多个领域,包括医药、食品和化工等,具有广阔的应用前景。将微胶囊引入到沥青材料自修复中,可提高沥青材料的自修复能力并在裂缝产生初期即可自我修复,延长路面使用寿命。与传统的裂缝修补方法相比,微胶囊自修复技术具有节能减排、降低养护成本和防止微裂缝扩展至宏观裂缝等优势。然而,沥青自修复微胶囊技术仍处于初步探索阶段,将微米级微胶囊应用于沥青材料自修复领域还存在着微胶囊强度控制范围不够明确,微胶囊破裂理论尚不成熟,且微胶囊制备工艺参数设计尚不统一等问题。因此,研究者们除研究制备工艺的影响外,还主要从选择合适的制备工艺影响参数和微胶囊的结构与性能方面不断尝试,并取得了丰硕的成果。随着制备工艺的不断成熟和影响参数的不断优化,经原位聚合法制备的微胶囊结构致密、性能优良。目前对掺微胶囊的沥青材料自修复的研究仍存在对沥青材料自修复提升效果的评价方法和评价指标尚不统一等问题。掺微胶囊的沥青材料自修复效果主要通过不同的指标来体现,包括延度、复数模量、拉伸强度、试件的载荷和沥青混合料的疲劳寿命等。其中,还对掺微胶囊的沥青混合料进行了路用性能研究。通过不同的评价指标表明,微胶囊显著提升了沥青材料的自修复效果;掺微胶囊的沥青混合料的水稳定性和高温稳定性略有下降,低温抗裂性下降较大,但仍满足规范要求。为总结沥青自修复微胶囊的研究进展,本文对比分析了多种自修复微胶囊制备方法的优势和特点,解析了影响微胶囊质量的主要因素(芯壁比、反应温度、终点pH值、乳化转速、酸化时间),总结了微胶囊的结构与性能的表征方法,介绍了掺微胶囊沥青材料自修复性能的评价方法与提升效果,阐述了微胶囊对沥青混合料路用性能的影响,探讨了借助分子动力学手段研究掺微胶囊的沥青材料自修复行为理论的可行性并展望了其未来发展前景,以期为微米级微胶囊的应用与发展提供参考。

关键词：沥青材料自修复微米级微胶囊制备与性能分子动力学

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Protein-enriched sports beverages for both endurance athletes and their supporters

Protein-enriched sports beverages for both endurance athlete...

引用

2008奥林匹克科学大会

作者： Siemensma,Andr D Calame,wim Kerry Group Nutrition Technical Center Netherlands

The glucagon-enhancing effect of protein hydrolysates makes them highly interesting for use in sports beverages during long-term endurance exercise as these drinks potentially enhance the amount of available ***,protein hydrolysates in a sports drink are also very important to the supporters,as the energy expenditure on these drinks is higher in comparison with equi-energetic soft drinks.

关键词： Protein-enriched sports beverages for both endurance athletes and their supporters

来源： cnki会议评论

在线全文

cnki会议

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Fuel Economy Study in Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Lubricants

引用

润滑油 2011年第4期26卷 12-19页

作者： Hiroshi Watanabe wim van Dam Gary Parsons Peter Kleijwegt Chevron Japan LTD ShizuokaJapan Chevron Oronite LLC RichmondCAUSA Chevron Oronite Technology b.v Rotterdam Netherland

Internal combustion engines′ fuel economy is an important role for engine designers,engine manufacturers over the past 30 years,especially passenger car motor *** heavy duty diesel engine,over the past 20 years,fuel economy has in some cases been sacrificed for exhaust gas emission ***,Heavy Duty Automotive and the related industries have strong interest in fuel economy and the *** is driven by competitive market forces as well as government mandates and new emission *** was the first country in the world to establish and implement heavy duty trucks and buses fuel economy *** countries also have followed either by establishing direct fuel economy standards or greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions standards which are directly tied to fuel *** paper is discussing that heavy duty diesel engine lubricants can contribute on fuel *** contribution of various aspects of engine oil formulations on fuel economy will be discussed such as lubricant viscosity grade,lubricant additives and friction *** this paper,the evaluation discussions are based on fuel economy measurements in some bench tests,standardized laboratory engine tests and field tests.

关键词： diesel fuel economy friction modifier viscosity friction coefficient heavy duty diesel engine greenhouse gas(GHG) lubricant additive

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Measuring the immeasurable? Operationalising social capital in health research

引用

Health 2012年第9期4卷 555-566页

作者： Veerle Vyncke wim Peersman Jan De Maeseneer Sara Willems Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy Ghent Artevelde University College Ghent University Ghent Belgium Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) Brussels Belgium

During the last decennia, social capital has been a popular topic in social sciences. However, the concept is often used as a “catch all” for divers social characteristics. Consensus on how the concept should be measured is lacking. This keeps health researchers from drawing firm conclusions on the influence of social capital on health and hampers the decision on which social capital indicators to use in health research. This study compares five ways to operationalise social capital (generalized trust, a social network index, an expanded social network index, bonding, bridging and linking social capital and a multidimensional social capital index) in their ability to explain self-rated health and pain. To evaluate the models’ capacity to explain health, two logistic regression models were built, resulting in Nagelkerke R2 measures. Data were collected in a cross-sectional study in eight neighbourhoods in the region of Ghent (Belgium) by randomly sampling 50 adult inhabitants per neighbourhood. Findings show that the explanation of the observed variance in health by the studied social capital models ranges from 1.9% to 23.1%, but is more pronounced for self-rated health than for pain. The multidimensional social capital index explains most of the variance in health, but poses an important strain on the respondents due to a large number of surveyquestions. With some prudence, we presume that the explanatory added value of the more extended social capital models is rather limited from a practical point of view as the addition in explained variance of the other models seems not in relation to the number of questions needed. Researchers should weigh up the pros and cons of different manners to measure social capital carefully, taking the goals and focus of their study into account.

关键词： Social Capital Measuring Measurement Operationalisation

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Prevention from a community perspective facilitating and constraining factors perceived by nurses in local community health centers in the course of prevention and health promotion

引用

Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012年第4期2卷 461-467页

作者： Bregje D’haeze wim Peersman Ann Van Hecke Ignaas Devisch Department of Nursing Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department of Primary Care Ghent University Ghent Belgium Ghent University and Artevelde University College Ghent Belgium

The purpose of this paper is to explore the stimulating factors and the obstacles experienced by nurses in community health centres in their work with prevention and health promotion. We conducted the qualitative research design consisting of fifteen nurses in five community health centres in Ghent. There was also a focus group and participant observation. All participants experienced stimulating factors as well as obstacles in their work with preventive interventions. The most strongly facilitators were the Electronic Medical File and the multidisciplinary approach. The obstacles mentioned by the nurses were the communication problems and the financial problems. This study may have an important impact on nursing practice and nursing prevention. Further research is needed on nurses working in community health centres and the way they approach their patients in the course of preventive actions.

关键词： Nursing Community Obstacles Stimulating Factors Preventive Health Care

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Combined Laboratory/Observational Study of Hydrocarbon Chains of Astrophysical Interest

A Combined Laboratory/Observational Study of Hydrocarbon Cha...

引用

第十三届全国化学动力学会议

作者： Dongfeng Zhao wim Ubachs Harold Linnartz Sackler Laboratory for Astrophysics Leiden Observatory Leiden University LaserLaB Department of Physics and Astronomy VU University

＜正＞So far, some 180 different molecules have been identified in dense interstellar clouds and circumstellar shells. Many of them are many of them are unsaturated hydrocarbon chains. In this presentation, a combined laboratory/observational study of such molecules, performed at Leiden and Amsterdam, are presented. Two unique and fully operational laboratory instruments, Supersonic Plasma

关键词：

来源： cnki会议评论

在线全文

cnki会议

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Access to biologicals in Crohn's disease in ten European countries

引用

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第34期23卷 6294-6305页

作者： Márta Péntek Peter L Lakatos Talitha Oorsprong László Gulácsi Milena Pavlova wim Groot Fanni Rencz Valentin Brodszky Petra Baji Crohn’s Disease Research Group department of health economics corvinus university of budapest mcgill university muhcmontreal general hospital 1st department of internal medicine semmelweis university department of health services research caphrimaastricht university medical centrefaculty of healthmedicine and life sciencesmaastricht university top institute evidence based education research (tier) teachers academymaastricht university 不详

AIM To analyze access(availability, affordability and acceptability) to biologicals for Crohn's disease(CD) in ten European countries and to explore the associations between these dimensions, the uptake of biologicals and economic *** A questionnaire-based survey combined with desk research was carried out in May 2016. Gastroenterologists from the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain and Sweden were invited to participate and provide data on the availability of biologicals/biosimilars, reimbursement criteria, clinical practice and prices, and use of biologicals. An availability score was developed to evaluate the restrictiveness of eligibility and administrative criteria applied in the countries. Affordability was defined as the annual cost of treatment as a share of gross domestic product(GDP) per capita. Correlations with the uptake of biologicals, dimensions of access and GDP per capita were *** At the time of the survey, infliximab and adalimumab were reimbursed in all ten countries, and vedolizumab was reimbursed in five countries(France, Germany, Latvia, Slovakia, Sweden). Reimbursement criteria were the least strict in Sweden and Germany, and the strictest in Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Between countries, the annual cost of different biological treatments differed 1.6-3.3-fold. Treatments were the most affordable in Sweden(13%-37% of the GDP per capita) and the least affordable in the Central and Eastern European countries, especially in Hungary(87%-124%) and Romania(141%-277%). Biosimilars made treatments more affordable by driving down the annual costs. The number of patients with CD on biologicals per 100000 population was strongly correlated with GDP per capita(0.91), although substantial differences were found in the uptake among countries with similar economic development. Correlation between the number of patients with CD on biologicals per 100000 population and the availabi

关键词： Crohn’s disease Biological therapy Access Inequality Europe

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Near-infrared fluorescence guided esophageal reconstructive surgery: A systematic review

引用

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第3期11卷 250-263页

作者： Elke Van Daele Yves Van Nieuwenhove wim Ceelen Christian Vanhove Bart P Braeckman Anne Hoorens Jurgen Van Limmen Oswald Varin Dirk Van de Putte Wouter Willaert Piet Pattyn Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Ghent University Hospital/Ghent University Department of Electronics and information systems Ghent University Department of Biology Ghent University Department of Pathology Ghent University Hospital/Ghent University Department of Anaesthesiology Ghent University Hospital/ Ghent University

BACKGROUND After an esophagectomy, the stomach is most commonly used to restore continuity of the upper gastrointestinal tract. These esophago-gastric anastomoses are prone to serious complications such as leakage associated with high morbidity and mortality. Graft perfusion is considered to be an important predictor for anastomotic integrity. Based on the current literature we believe Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography(ICGA) is an easy assessment tool for gastric tube(GT) perfusion, and it might predict anastomotic leakage(AL).AIM To evaluate feasibility and effectiveness of ICGA in GT perfusion assessment and as a predictor of *** This study was designed according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO database. PubMed and EMBASE were independently searched by 2 reviewers for studies presenting data on intraoperative ICGA GT perfusion assessment during esophago-gastric reconstruction after *** outcomes such as feasibility, complications, intraoperative surgical changes based on ICGA findings, quantification attempts, anatomical data and the impact of ICGA on postoperative anastomotic complications, were collected by 2 independent researchers. The quality of the included articles was assessed based on the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies. The 19 included studies presented data on 1192 esophagectomy patients, in 758 patients ICGA was used perioperative to guide esophageal *** The 19 included studies for qualitative analyses all described ICGA as a safe and easy method to evaluate gastric graft perfusion. AL occurred in 13.8% of the entire cohort, 10% in the ICG guided group and 20.6% in the control group(P <0.001). When poorly perfused cases are excluded from the analyses, the difference in AL was even larger(AL well-perfused group 6.3% vs control group 20.5%, P <0.001). The AL rate in the group with an altered surgical plan based on the ICG image was 6.5%, similar to the well perfu

关键词： Indocyanine green Angiography Fluorescence Esophagectomy Anastomotic leak Near-infrared spectroscopy Esophageal neoplasms Esophageal cancer

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Non-isoplanatic lens aberration correction in dark-field digital holographic microscopy for semiconductor metrology

引用

Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2023年第4期4卷 117-129页

作者： Tamar van Gardingen-Cromwijk Sander Konijnenberg wim Coene Manashee Adhikary Teus Tukker Stefan Witte Johannes F.de Boer Arie den Boef Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaBVrije UniversiteitDe Boelelaan 10811081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography(ARCNL) Science Park 1061098 XG AmsterdamThe Netherlands ASML Netherlands B.V. De Run 65015504 DRVeldhovenThe Netherlands Department Imaging Physics Delft University of TechnologyVan der Maasweg 92629 HZ DelftThe Netherlands

In the semiconductor industry,the demand for more precise and accurate overlay metrology tools has increased because of the continued shrinking of feature sizes in integrated *** achieve the required sub-nanometre precision,the current technology for overlay metrology has become complex and is reaching its ***,we present a dark-field digital holographic microscope using a simple two-element imaging lens with a high numerical aperture capable of imaging from the visible to near-infrared *** combination of high resolution and wavelength coverage was achieved by combining a simple imaging lens with a fast and accurate correction of non-isoplanatic *** present experimental results for overlay targets that demonstrate the capability of our computational aberration correction in the visible and near-infrared wavelength *** wide-ranged-wavelength imaging system can advance semiconductor metrology.

关键词： Lens aberrations Non-isoplanatism Digital holographic microscopy Metrology Computational imaging

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：