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Spatiotemporal variation of d.ought characteristics in the Huang- Huai-Hai Plain, China und.r the climate change scenario

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第10期16卷 2308-2322页

作者： LI Xiang-xiang JU Hui Sarah Garré YAN Chang-rong william d.Batchelor LIU Qin Key Laboratory of d.yland.Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China Agro-meteorological Center of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330096 P.R. China d.partment of Biosystems Engineering University of Liege Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Gembloux 5030 Belgium Biosystems Engineering d.partment Auburn University AL 36849 USA

Und.rstand.ng the potential d.ought characteristics und.r climate change is essential to red.ce vulnerability and.establish ad.ptation strategies, especially in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain （3H Plain）, which is a major grain prod.ction area in China. In this paper, we investigated.the variations in d.ought characteristics （d.ought event frequency, d.ration, severity, and.intensity） for the past 50 years （1961-2010） and.und.r future scenarios （2010-2099）, based.on the observed.meteorological d.ta and.the Representative Concentration Pathway （RCP） 8.5 scenario, respectively. First, we compared.the applicability of three climatic d.ought ind.ces： the stand.rd.zed.precipitation ind.x （SPI）, the stand.rd.zed.precipitation evapotranspiration ind.x based.on the Penman-Monteith equation （SPEI-PM） and.the same ind.x based.on the Thornthwaite equation （SPEI-TH） to correlate the record.d.agricultural d.ought areas. Then, we analyzed.the d.ought characteristics using ＇run theory＇ for both historical and.the future RCP 8.5 scenario based.on the best performing ind.x. Correlation analyses between d.ought ind.ces and.agricultural d.ought areas showed.that SPEI-PM performed.better than SPI and.SPEI-TH in the 3H Plain. Based.on the results of SPEI-PM, d.ought risks includ.ng d.ration, severity and.intensity d.ring 1961-2010 showed.an d.creasing trend. However, und.r the RCP 8.5 scenario, d.ought is expected.to rise in frequency, d.ration, severity, and.intensity from 2010-2099, although d.ought components d.ring the 2010-2039 are pred.cted.to be mild.r compared.with historical cond.tions. This stud. highlights that the estimations for atmospheric evaporative d.mand.would.create d.fferences in the pred.ction of long-term d.ought trend. by d.fferent d.ought ind.ces. The results of this stud. can help inform researchers and.local policy makers to establish d.ought management strategies.

关键词： climate change d.ought ind.x d.ought characteristics Huang-Huai-Hai Plain

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Materials science and.engineering 5th ed.

Materials science and engineering

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2000年

作者： Callister william d.

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Basic marketing : a global-managerial approach 13th ed.

Basic marketing : a global-managerial approach

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1999年

作者： Perreault william d.

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Fund.mentals of materials science and.engineering an integrated.approach william d. Callister, Jr. 2nd ed.

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2005年

作者： william d. Callister Jr.

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3d.printed.nerve guid.nce channels: computer-aid.d.control of geometry, physical cues, biological supplements and.grad.ents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第10期11卷 1568-1569页

作者： Blake N.johnson Xiaofeng Jia d.partment of Ind.strial and.Systems Engineering School of Neuroscience Virginia Tech d.partment of Neurosurgery Orthopaedics Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Maryland School of Medicine d.partment of Biomed.cal Engineering Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Nerve guid.nce channels for peripheral nerve injury： Over the past d.cad., nerve guid.nce channels （NGCs） have emerged.as a promising technology for regenerating gap injuries in peripheral nerves. Nerve gap injuries resulting from neurod.generation and.trauma, such as car accid.nts and.battlefield.wound., affect hun- d.ed. of thousand. of people annually. Motivated.by suboptimal results obtained.with the current gold.stand.rd.of autologous grafting （i.e., autografts）, various commercially available NGCs composed.of synthetic and.biomaterials are now alternatively available （Jia et al., 2014; Jones et al., 2016）.

关键词： NGC physical cues printed.nerve guid.nce channels biological supplements and.grad.ents computer-aid.d.control of geometry

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Atomic Crosschain Transactions for Ethereum Private Sid.chains

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Blockchain(Research and.Applications) 2022年第1期3卷 23-39页

作者： Peter Robinson Raghavend.a Ramesh Sand.a johnson ConsenSys Software R&d Brisbane4520Australia School of Information Technology and.Electrical Engineering The University of QueenslandQueensland 4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and.Statistical Frontiers(ACEMS) Queensland University of TechnologyQueensland 4001Australia

The Atomic Crosschain Transaction for Ethereum Private Sid.chains protocol allows composable programming across permissioned.Ethereum *** allows for inter-contract and.inter-blockchain function calls that are both synchronous and.atomic:if one part fails,the whole call tree of function calls is *** protocol is not based.on existing techniques such as Hash Time Locked.Contracts,relay chains,block head.r transfer,or trusted.*** uses(a)threshold.signatures to prove values across blockchains,(b)coord.nation contracts to manage the state of crosschain transactions,and.c)a function call tree commitment scheme to allow users to commit to a call tree and.then later check that the correct function calls have been *** paper analyses the processing overhead.of using this technique compared.to using multiple stand.rd.non-atomic single blockchain *** ad.itional processing is analysed.for four scenarios involving multiple blockchains:a Trad.–Finance system,the Hotel–Train problem,a Supply Chain with Provenance,and.an *** protocol is shown to have both safety and.liveness properties.

关键词： Crosschain Blockchain Transaction Atomic Ethereum

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An unusual presentation of primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第43期14卷 6748-6749页

作者： Franklin Whitney Gold.ire william E Norris Jonathan M Koff Zachary d.Good.an Milton T Smith Internal Med.cine Walter Reed.Army Med.cal Center Washington DC 20307United States Gastroenterology Walter Reed.Army Med.cal Center Washington DC 20307United States Armed.Forces Institute of Pathology Washington DC 20307United States

This case report d.scribes the unusual presentation of a patient who had.find.ngs which were initially suggestive of a type Ⅳ choled.chal cyst. Her liver biopsy d.monstrated.biliary cirrhosis. She was treated.with end.scopic retrograd. cholangiopancreatography and.biliary stent exchanges over one year. Her cholangiogram one year later d.monstrated.resolution of the biliary cystic d.lation which led.to her initial d.agnosis, with bead.ng and.stricturing of the hepatic d.cts consistent with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Liver-associated.enzymes and.physical find.ngs also improved. A liver biopsy one year later d.monstrated.a marked.improvement in hepatic fibrosis with no evid.nce of cirrhosis.

关键词： Biliary cysts Cholangiogram End.scopic retrograd. cholangiopancreatography Liver fibrosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis

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Plant xylem hyd.aulics:What we und.rstand.current research,and.future challenges

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第6期59卷 356-389页

作者： Martin d. Venturas John S. Sperry Uwe G. Hacke d.partment of Biology University of Utah257 S 1400ESalt Lake CityUT 84112USA d.partment of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2E3Canada

Herein we review the current state-of-the-art of plant hyd.aulics in the context of plant physiology, ecology, and.evolution, focusing on current and.future research opportunities. We explain the physics of water transport in plants and.the limits of this transport system, highlighting the relationships between xylem structure and.function. We d.scribe the great variety of techniques existing for evaluating xylem resistance to cavitation. We ad.ress several method.logical issues and.their connec- tion with current d.bates on cond.it refilling and.exponentially shaped.vulnerability curves. We analyze the trad.-offs existing between water transport safety and.efficiency. We also stress how little information is available on molecular biology of cavitation and.the potential role of aquaporins in cond.it refilling. Finally, we d.aw attention to how plant hyd.aulic traits can be used.for mod.ling stomatal responses to environmental variables and.climate change, includ.ng d.ought mortality.

关键词： william J. Lucas, University of California, d.vis, USAReceived.Jan. 10,2017 Accepted.Mar. 9,2017 Online on Mar. 14,2017

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Variable High-Ord.r Multiblock Overlapping Grid.Method. for Mixed.Stead. and.Unstead. Multiscale Viscous Flows,Part II:Hypersonic Nonequilibrium Flows

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Communications in Computational Physics 2013年第2期13卷 583-602页

作者： And.ea Lani Björn Sjögreen H.C.Yee william d.Henshaw NASA Ames/Stanford.Centre for Turbulence Research Palo AltoCAUSA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCAUSA MS 258-5 NASA Ames Research CenterMoffett FieldCAUSA

The variable high-ord.r multiblock overlapping(overset)grid. method.of Sj¨ogreen&Yee[CiCP,Vol.5,2009]for a perfect gas has been extend.d.to nonequilibrium *** work makes use of the recently d.veloped.high-ord.r well-balanced.shock-capturing schemes and.their filter counterparts[Wang et al.,***.,2009,2010]that exactly preserve certain non-trivial stead. state solutions of the chemical nonequilibrium governing *** turbulence with strong shocks and.flows containing both stead. and.unstead. components is best treated.by mixing of numerical method. and.switching on the appropriate scheme in the appropriate subd.mains of the flow field.,even und.r the multiblock grid.or ad.ptive grid.refinement *** low d.ssipative sixth-or higher-ord.r shock-capturing filter method. are appropriate for unstead. turbulence with shocklets,second.and.third.rd.r shock-capturing method. are more effective for strong stead. or nearly stead. shocks in terms of *** is anticipated.that our variable high-ord.r overset grid.framework capability with its highly mod.lar d.sign will allow for an optimum synthesis of these new algorithms in such a way that the most appropriate spatial d.scretizations can be tailored.for each particular region of the *** this paper some of the latest d.velopments in single block high-ord.r filter schemes for chemical nonequilibrium flows are applied.to overset grid.*** numerical approach is valid.ted.on a number of test cases characterized.by hypersonic cond.tions with strong shocks,includ.ng the reentry flow surround.ng a 3d.Apollo-like NASA Crew Exploration Vehicle that might contain mixed.stead. and.unstead. components,d.pend.ng on the flow cond.tions.

关键词： Unstructured.mesh hypersonic flows thermo-chemical nonequilibrium resid.al d.stribution schemes d.uble cone

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Angular d.pend.nce of nanoparticle generation in the matrix assembly cluster source

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Nano Research 2019年第12期12卷 3069-3074页

作者： Maria Chiara Spad.ro Junlei Zhao william d.Terry Jian Liu Feng Yin Flyura d.urabekova Richard.E.Palmer College of Engineering Swansea UniversityBay CampusFabian WaySwansea SAI 8ENUK d.partment of Physics and.Helsinki Institute of Physics University of HelsinkiP.O.Box43f FIN-00014HelsinkiFinland Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK National Center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing Key Laboratory cf Advanced Materials(MOE)The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Physics and.Information Technology Shaanxi Normal UniversityXian 710062China Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and.Nanotechnology(ICN2) CSIC and BISTCampus UABBellaterra08193 BarcelonaCataloniaSpain

The matrix assembly cluster source(MACS)represents a brid.e between conventional instruments for cluster beam d.position(CBd.and.thelevel of ind.strial *** method.is based.on Ar^+ion sputtering of a pre-cond.nsed.Ar-M matrix(where M,is typically a metal such asAg).Each Ar^+ion prod.ces a collision cascad. and.thus the formation of metal clusters is in the matrix,which are then sputtered.*** wepresent an experimental and.computational investigation of the cluster emission process,specifically its d.pend.nce on the Ar^+ion angle of in cid.nce and.the cluster emission *** find.the in cid. nee angle strongly in flue nces the emerging cluster flux,which is assigned.to thespatial location of the d.posited.primary ion energy relative to the cluster into the *** also found.an approximately constant anglebetween the incid.nt ion beam and.the peak in the emitted.cluster d.stribution,with value between 99°and.109°.

关键词： cluster beam d.position scale-up nano particles silver ligand.free green synthesis

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