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changes in efficiency and resource utilization after increasing experience with double balloon enteroscopy

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2013年第3期5卷 89-94页

作者： Neal c Patel william c palmer Kanwar R Gill David cangemi Nancy Diehl Mark E Stark Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic ArizonaScottsdaleAZ 85259United States Department of Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFL 32224United States Gould Medical Foundation ModestoCA 95354United States Department of Biostatistics Mayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFL 32224United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFL 32224United States

AIM:To investigate changes in efficiency and resource utilization as a single endoscopist's experience increased with each subsequent 100 double balloon enteroscopy(DBE) ***:We reviewed consecutive DBE procedures performed by a single endoscopist at our center over 4 *** was employed when the clinician deemed the procedure was needed for disease *** approach(oral,anal or both) was chosen based on suspected location of the target *** DBE was performed in a standard endoscopy room with a portable fluoroscopy *** was used to aid in shortening the small intestine and reducing bowel *** oral DBE,measurements were taken from the *** anal DBE,measurements were taken from the anal *** continued until the target lesion was reached,until the entire small intestine was examined,or until no further progress was deemed *** length of small intestine examined(cm),procedure duration(min),and fluoroscopy time(s) were analyzed for sequential groups of 100 ***-groups of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures were analyzed using multivariable linear ***:802 consecutive DBE procedures were *** oral DBE,median [interquartile range(IQR)] length of small bowel examined was 230.8 cm(range:210-248 cm) and for anal DBE was 143.5 cm(range:100-180 cm).No significant increase in length examined was noted for either the oral or anal approach with advancing position in *** terms of duration of procedure,the median(IQR) for oral DBE was 86 min(range:71-105 min) and for anal DBE was 81.3 min(range:67-105 min).When comparing by the position in series,there was a significant(P value crease in procedure duration for both upper and lower procedures with increasing ***(IQR) time of exposure to fluoroscopy for oral DBE was 190 s(114-275) compared to anal DBE which was 196.4 s(312-128).This represented a significant(P value crease in the amount of fl

关键词： Double balloon enteroscopy Obscure gastrointestinal bleed

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Tissue engineering in mandibular reconstruction: osteogenesis-inducing scaffolds

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2019年第9期6卷 1-12页

作者： Laurel Nelms william Jack palmer University of california Riverside School of Medicine RiversideCA 92521USA Boston University School of Medicine BostonMA 02118USA.

currently, the gold standard for aesthetic and functional reconstruction of critical mandibular defects is an autologous fibular flap;however, this carries risk of donor site morbidity, and is not a promising option in patients with depleted donor sites due to previous surgeries. Tissue engineering presents a potential solution in the design of a biomimetic scaffold that must be osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and support osseointegration. These osteogenesis-inducing scaffolds are most successful when they mimic and interact with the surrounding native macro- and micro-environment of the mandible. This is accomplished via the regeneration triad: (1) a biomimetic, bioactive osteointegrative scaffold, most likely a resorbable composite of collagen or a synthetic polymer with collagen-like properties combined with beta-tri calcium phosphate that is 3D printed according to defect morphology;(2) growth factor, most frequently bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP-2);and (3) stem cells, most commonly bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Novel techniques for scaffold modification include the use of nano-hydroxyapatite, or combining a vector with a biomaterial to create a gene activated matrix that produces proteins of interest (typically BMP-2) to support osteogenesis. Here, we review the current literature in tissue engineering in order to discuss the success of varying use and combinations of scaffolding materials (i.e., ceramics, biological polymers, and synthetic polymers) with stem cells and growth factors, and will examine their success in vitro and in vivo to induce and guide osteogenesis in mandibular defects.

关键词： Osteogenic scaffolds mandibular reconstruction tissue engineering regeneration triad bone morphogenic protein bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells beta-tri calcium phosphate gene activated matrix

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Face transplantation for massive mandibular defects: considerations for allograft design and surgical planning

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2020年第1期7卷 9-16页

作者： william Jackson palmer Laurel Nelms Boston University School of Medicine BostonMA 02118USA. University of california Riverside School of Medicine RiversideCA 92521USA.

Modern face transplant techniques have advanced to allow for the transfer of vascularized skeletal components in addition to overlying soft *** represents significant opportunity for individuals with mandibular defects that are not amenable to traditional *** must be taken when planning and executing transplants with these complex grafts,as satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes rely on achieving proper spatial relationships between the mandible,skull base,and *** donor skeletal elements are included in the allograft and how they are harvested are important considerations in this planning and are associated with *** optimize outcomes in the reconstruction of single-jaw defects,some advocate for transplantation of only the affected jaw while others support bimaxillary *** evidence in this debate is not conclusive at this *** current practice,including donor dentoalveolar anatomy by utilizing a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the mandible is favored to optimize outcomes such as dental *** has been suggested that harvesting the mandible at the level of the condyle or even the temporal bone may also be possible and may improve temporomandibular joint-related *** encouraging preclinical evidence,these strategies remain *** allograft design,successful mandibular reconstruction with face transplantation relies on surgical precision in the donor and recipient *** surgical planning,computer-aided design and manufacturing,and intraoperative navigation are technologies currently in use to mitigate operative *** in both cadaveric and clinical face transplantations suggest these technologies are reliable and beneficial,although some room for improvement remains.

关键词： Face transplantation mandibular reconstruction allograft design bimaxillary transplantation temporomandi-bular joint reconstruction computerized surgical planning computer-aided design and manufacturing intraoperative navigation

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Tomato Ovary-to-Fruit Transition is characterized by a Spatial Shift of mRNAs for cell Wall Invertase and its Inhibitor with the Encoded Proteins Localized to Sieve Elements

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Molecular Plant 2015年第2期8卷 315-328页

作者： william M. palmer School of Environmental and Life Sciences The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Callaghan Australia Australia-china Research centre for crop Improvement The University of Newcastle NSW 2308 Callaghan Australia Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 300 Fenglin Road Shanghai 200032 China These authors contributed equally to the article. Present address: college of Life Sciences. central china Normal University Wuhan 430079 China

central to understanding fruit development is to elucidate the processes mediating a successful transition from pre-pollination ovaries to newly set fruit, a key step in establishing fruit yield potential. In tomato, cell wall invertase （cWIN） LIN5 and its inhibitor INH1 are essential for fruit growth. However, the molecular and cellular basis by which they exert their roles in ovary-to-fruit transition remains unknown. To address this issue, we conducted a study focusing on ovaries and fruitlets at 2 days before and 2 days after anthesis, respectively. In situ hybridization analyses revealed that LIN5 and INH1 exhibited a dispersed expression in ovaries compared with their phloem-specific expression in fruitlets. Remarkably, LIN5 and INH1 proteins were immunologically co-localized to cell walls of sieve elements （SEs） in ovaries immediately prior to anthesis and in young fruitlets, but were undetectable in provascular bundles of younger ovaries. A burst in cWlN activity occurred during ovary-to-fruit transition. Interestingly, the ovaries, but not the fruit- lets, exhibited high expression of a defective invertase, SldecWIN1, an ortholog of which is known to enhance inhibition of INH on cWlN activity in tobacco. Imaging of a fluorescent symplasmic tracer indicated an apoplasmic phloem unloading pathway operated in ovaries, contrary to the previously observed symplasmic unloading pathway in fruit pericarp. These new data indicate that （1） a phloem-specific patterning of the cWIN and INH mRNAs is induced during ovary-to-fruit transition, and （2） LIN5 protein functions specifically in walls of SEs and increases its activity during ovary-to-fruit transition, probably to facilitate phloem unloading and to generate a glucose signal positively regulating cell division, hence fruit set.

关键词： fruit set invertase invertase inhibitor phloem unloading sugar signaling

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Angular dependence of nanoparticle generation in the matrix assembly cluster source

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Nano Research 2019年第12期12卷 3069-3074页

作者： Maria chiara Spadaro Junlei Zhao william D.Terry Jian Liu Feng Yin Flyura Djurabekova Richard E.palmer college of Engineering Swansea UniversityBay CampusFabian WaySwansea SAI 8ENUK Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics University of HelsinkiP.O.Box43f FIN-00014HelsinkiFinland Nanoscale Physics Research Laboratory School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK National center for Electron Microscopy in Beijing Key Laboratory cf Advanced Materials(MOE)The State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal UniversityXian 710062China catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology(IcN2) CSIC and BISTCampus UABBellaterra08193 BarcelonaCataloniaSpain

The matrix assembly cluster source(MAcS)represents a bridge between conventional instruments for cluster beam deposition(cBD)and thelevel of industrial *** method is based on Ar^+ion sputtering of a pre-condensed Ar-M matrix(where M,is typically a metal such asAg).Each Ar^+ion produces a collision cascade and thus the formation of metal clusters is in the matrix,which are then sputtered *** wepresent an experimental and computational investigation of the cluster emission process,specifically its dependence on the Ar^+ion angle of in cidence and the cluster emission *** find the in cide nee angle strongly in flue nces the emerging cluster flux,which is assigned to thespatial location of the deposited primary ion energy relative to the cluster into the *** also found an approximately constant anglebetween the incident ion beam and the peak in the emitted cluster distribution,with value between 99°and 109°.

关键词： cluster beam deposition scale-up nano particles silver ligand-free green synthesis

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Midventricular Takotsubo syndrome

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Journal of Geriatric cardiology 2020年第5期17卷 303-304页

作者： Konstantinos c Theodoropoulos Ioannis Felekos chris Abell Nicholas D palmer Turab Ali Department of cardiology Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLiverpoolUK

A 78-year-old woman with a background of type 2 diabetes mellitus,hyperlipidaemia and hypertension experienced sudden onset severe chest pain while in the emergency department,after a stressful emotional *** pain last... 详细信息

关键词： Left ventriculography Midventricular Takotsubo syndrome

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Striatal oxidative damages and neuroinflammation correlate with progression and survival of Lewy body and Alzheimer diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 867-874页

作者： Huifangjie Li william c.Knight Jinbin Xu Department of Radiology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Neurodegenerative diseases are a class of chronic and complex disorders featuring progressive loss of neurons in distinct brain *** mechanisms responsible for the disease progression in neurodegeneration are not fully *** this observational study,we have examined diverse biochemical parameters in the caudate and putamen of patients with Lewy body diseases(LBDs)and Alzheimer disease(AD),shedding some light on the involvement of oxidative damage and neuroinflammation in advanced *** performed Spearman and Mantel-cox analyses to investigate how oxidative stress and neuroinflammation exert comprehensive effects on disease progression and *** progression in LBDs correlated positively with poly(ADP-Ribose)and triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cell 2 levels in the striatum of LBD cohorts,indicating that potential parthanatos was a dominant feature of worsening disease progression and might contribute to switching microglial inflammatory *** progression in AD corresponds negatively with 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine(8-oxo-d G)and myeloperoxidase concentrations in the striatum,suggesting that possible mitochondria dysfunction may be involved in the progression of AD via a mechanism ofβ-amyloid entering the mitochondria and subsequent free radicals *** with lower striatal 8-oxo-d G and myeloperoxidase levels had a survival advantage in *** age of onset also affected disease *** requests for the postmortem biochemistry,genetics,and autoradiography studies were approved by the Washington University Alzheimer's Disease Research center(ADRc)Biospecimens committee(ethics approval reference number:T1705,approval date:August 6,2019).Recombinant DNA and Hazardous Research Materials were approved by the Washington University Environmental Health&Safety Biological Safety committee(approval code:3739,approval date:February 25,2020).Radioactive Material Authorization was approved

关键词： Alzheimer disease disease progression Lewy body diseases microglia neurodegeneration oxidative damage striatum survival

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conversion of soy molasses,soy solubles,and dried soybean carbohydrates into ethanol

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第1期6卷 62-68页

作者： craig c.Long william R.Gibbons Biology and Microbiology Department South Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSD57007 USA

Soy molasses and soy solubles are byproducts of the conventional soy protein concentrate and soy protein isolate manufacturing processes,*** of the carbohydrates in these byproducts into ethanol was *** amounts of commercial cellulase enzymes(Novozyme cellulase,β-glucosidase,and pectinase)were added to soy molasses and soy solubles solutions prepared at various solid loading rates(33%,50%,60%,75%,and 80%)to hydrolyze oligosaccharides,followed by fermentation for 96 h using Saccharomyces cerevisiae NRRL Y-2034 and Scheffersomyces stipitis NRRL ***-extracted soybean meal(SBM)carbohydrates were also fermented for 96 h without *** and *** produced about 12.5-45.0 g/L and 6.0-28.0 g/L ethanol,respectively,on molasses and solubles across these solid loading *** *** produced about 6.5-17 g/L ethanol and *** produced about 6.5-22 g/L ethanol on ethanol-extracted carbohydrates.

关键词： ethanol production soy molasses soy solubles oligosaccharides

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An Arabidopsis Lipid Flippase Is Required for Timely Recruitment of Defenses to the Host- Pathogen Interface at the Plant cell Surface

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Molecular Plant 2017年第6期10卷 805-820页

作者： william Underwood Andrew Ryan Shauna c. Somerville Energy Biosciences Institute Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of california Berkeley CA 94720 USA USDA-ARS Red River Valley Agricultural Research center Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit Fargo ND 58102-2765 USA Division of Biological Sciences University of California San Diego CA 92161 USA

Deposition of cell wall-reinforcing papillae is an integral component of the plant immune response. TheArabidopsis PENETRATION 3 （PEN3） ATP binding cassette （ABc） transporter plays a role in defense against numerous pathogens and is recruited to sites of pathogen detection where it accumulates within papillae. However, the trafficking pathways and regulatory mechanisms contributing to recruitment of PEN3 and other defenses to the host-pathogen interface are poorly understood. Here, we report a confocal microscopy-based screen to identify mutants with altered localization of PEN3-GFP after inoculation with powdery mildew fungi. We identified a mutant, aberrant localization of PEN3 3 （alp3）, displaying accumulation of the normally plasma membrane （PM）-Iocalized PEN3-GFP in endomembrane compartments. The mutant was found to be disrupted in the P4-ATPase AMINOPHOSPHOLIPID ATPASE 3 （ALA3）, a lipid flippase that plays a critical role in vesicle formation. We provide evidence that PEN3 undergoes continuous endocytic cycling from the PM to the trans-Golgi network （TGN）. In alp3, PEN3 accumulates in the TGN, causing delays in recruitment to the host-pathogen interface. Our results indicate that PEN3 and other defense proteins continuously cycle through the TGN and that timely exit of these proteins from the TGN is critical for effective pre-invasive immune responses against powdery mildews.

关键词： plant-microbe interactions defense responses protein traffic and secretion macromolecular trafficking papilla ABc transporter

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Proteomics Technologies and challenges

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2007年第2期5卷 77-85页

作者： william c.S. cho Department of clinical Oncology Queen Elizabeth Hospital

Proteomics is the study of proteins and their interactions in a cell. With the completion of the Human Genome Project, the emphasis is shifting to the protein compliment of the human organism. Because proteome reflects more accurately on the dynamic state of a cell, tissue, or organism, much is expected from proteomics to yield better disease markers for diagnosis and therapy monitoring. The advent of proteomics technologies for global detection and quantitation of proteins creates new opportunities and challenges for those seeking to gain greater understanding of diseases. High-throughput proteomics technologies combining with advanced bioinformatics are extensively used to identify molecular signatures of diseases based on protein pathways and signaling cascades. Mass spectrometry plays a vital role in proteomics and has become an indispensable tool for molecular and cellular biology. While the potential is great, many challenges and issues remain to be solved, such as mining low abundant proteins and integration of proteomics with genomics and metabolomics data. Nevertheless, proteomics is the foundation for constructing and extracting useful knowledge to biomedical research. In this review, a snapshot of contemporary issues in proteomics technologies is discussed.

关键词： proteomics mass spectrometry, protein chip

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