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Isolating higher yielding and more stable rice genotypes in stress environments: fine-tuning a selection method using production and resilience score indices

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 169-185页

作者： Arnauld THIRY william j.davies Ian C.DODD Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLancashire LA14YWUK

In Asia, the rice crop sustains millions of people. However, growing demand for this crop needs to be met while simultaneously reducing its water consumption to cope with the effects of climate change. Lowland cropping systems are the most common and productive but have particularly high water requirements. High-yielding rice genotypes adapted to drier environments(such as rainfed or aerobic rice ecosystems) are needed to increase the water use efficiency of cropping. Identifying these genotypes requires fast and more accurate selection methods. It is hypothesized that applying a new quantitative selection method(the score index selection method), can usefully compare rice yield responses over different years and stress intensities to select genotypes more rapidly and efficiently. Applying the score index to previously published rice yield data for 39 genotypes grown in no-stress and two stress environments, identified three genotypes(ARB 8, IR55419-04 and ARB 7) with higher and stable yield under moderate to severe stress conditions. These genotypes are postulated to be better adapted to stress environment such as upland and aerobic environments. Importantly, the score index selection method offers improved precision than the conventional breeding selection method in identifying genotypes that are well-suited to a range of stress levels within the target environment.

关键词： Aerobic rice breeding selection drought resilience production capacity index resilience capacity index stress score index upland

Promoting green transformation by ensuring food security while reducing the environmental footprint of food and farming with agriculture green development

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 1-4,I0005页

作者： william j.davies jianbo SHEN Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YQUK State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Reconciling the challenges of producing adequate amounts of nutritious food for the increasing global population while limiting environmental damage that can result from operations of our food systems is an enormous *** many parts of the world,agriculture is undergoing major transformations and this has been and still is particularly the case in China.

关键词： operations agriculture transformation

Sustainable plasticulture in Chinese agriculture: a review of challenges and routes to achieving long-term food and ecosecurity

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 155-168页

作者： Samuel j.CUSWORTH william j.davies Martin R.MCAINSH Carly j.STEVENS Weilu WANG Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK The Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Plastic pollution is global concern, affecting most aspects of global food production systems. Plasticulture, a practice used in agriculture to improve crop quality and quantity, among other factors, is a significant source of plastic pollution. This review examines the extent of plasticulture in China, the implications of the practice across decades of use and the legislative instruments used to resolve those issues. It briefly assesses the effectiveness of these policies and proposes possible future innovations to promote increases in long-term food and eco-security, where sustainable plasticulture is a key agent for change. While plasticulture has increased agricultural productivity in growth-limiting conditions, plastic pollution in agricultural soils has become acute in China. Consequently, plastic pollution is having deleterious effects on soil health and in turn, crop productivity in China. Plastic pollution in agriculture is a multifaceted issue and so proposed solutions should be informed by this complexity. Current measures do not reflect a holistic approach to solving this socioecological challenge and adopt a top-down approach, with little or no supportive mechanisms. Future recommendations need to consider the particular set of conditions that influence the production, use and end-of-life management of agriplastics,specific to the environmental, economic and social conditions in each location.

关键词： Circular plastics economy crop production food security plastic pollution sustainable plasticulture

Agriculture green development in China: insights and advances

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 5-19,I0005页

作者： jianbo SHEN Qichao ZHU Yong HOU Wen-Feng CONG Wen XU jiuliang XU Zhichao AN Xiaoqiang jIAO Kai ZHANG Tianxiang YU Lin MA Oene OENEMA william j.davies Fusuo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Center for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetic and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen University&ResearchWageningen6700 AAthe Netherlands Lancaster Environment Centre University of LancasterLancasterLA14YQUK

Reconciling the tasks of producing adequate amounts of nutritious food for the increasing global population while preserving the environment and natural ecosystems simultaneously is an enormous challenge. The concept of agriculture green development(AGD) and the necessary governmental policies were developed to address the aforementioned challenge in China and to help achieve the related global sustainable development goals. Agriculture green development emphasizes the synergy between green and development;current agriculture has to transform from the intensive farming with high inputs, high environmental impacts and low resource-use efficiency to a more sustainable agriculture, in order to ensure an adequate supply of nutritious food while delivering environmental integrity, improved economic profitability,and social equity. A research program on AGD was established by China Agricultural University with four research themes, namely: green crop production, green integrated crop-animal production, green food and industry,and green ecological environment and ecosystem services, to provide a scientific basis for future developments and to facilitate the implementation of AGD in practice. AGD requires a multistakeholder approach, fueled by innovative and interdisciplinary research. joint actions have to be taken by governments, farmers, supply industries, consumers, educators, extension services and researchers to support AGD. This requires strong coordination and public awareness campaigns. This review presents the progress that has been made over the past 5 years and makes recommendations for more research and development, in order to better deliver agricultural green and sustainable development on national and international scales.

关键词： Agriculture ecosystem services environmental protection food security green development multi-sectoral cooperation sustainable development

Can crop science really help us to produce more betterquality food while reducing the world-wide environmental footprint of agriculture?

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 28-44页

作者： william j.davies Susan E.WARD Alan WILSON Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLAI 4YQUK Waitrose and Partners Food RetailersWaite HouseBracknellRG128YAUK

This paper reviews recent developments in crop science that can be the basis of a revolution in the global food system but it is also emphasized that such a revolution requires more than changes in food production and *** must more effectively feed a growing global population with a healthy diet while also defining and delivering the kinds of sustainable food systems that will minimise damage to our *** are exciting new developments in crop production biology but much existing crop science can be exploited to increase yields with the aid of a knowledge exchange(KE)framework requiring the use of new technology now available to most people across the *** discuss novel approaches at both the plant and the crop level that will enhance nutrient and water productivity and we also outline ways in which energy use and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions can be reduced and labor shortages *** of new biology and new engineering opportunities will require development of public-private partnerships and collaborations across the disciplines to allow us to move effectively from discovery science to practical *** is also important that consumers contribute to the debate over proposed changes to food and farming and so effective KE mechanisms are required between all relevant communities.

关键词： food security environmental sustainability crop water use efficiency crop science diet and health

Reducing the environmental footprint of food and farming with Agriculture Green Development

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 1-4页

作者： william j.davies jianbo SHEN Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancaster LAI 4YWUK National Academy of Agriculture Green Development College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Despite the considerable achievements of science and agriculture in feeding more people with more food,we are now more concerned than ever that global demand for food is still on the *** is unlikely that world population will peak until it is higher than 10 billion or perhaps even 11 *** society,and not-least the operation of the global food system,is putting considerable pressure on our planetary systems.

关键词： footprint of food farming with Agriculture Development

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华尔街察觉到“野蛮人”归来

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第13期 24-25页

作者： Paul j.davies 程玺(译) 不详

经历多次误判后,摩根士丹利、高盛等机构的银行家们相信,期待已久的私募交易和投行费用的复苏终于临近.“野蛮人”杀回来了。摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)和高盛集团(Goldman Sachs Group Inc.)相信,他们最重要的客户在长期观望之后,即... 详细信息

经历多次误判后,摩根士丹利、高盛等机构的银行家们相信,期待已久的私募交易和投行费用的复苏终于临近.“野蛮人”杀回来了。摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley)和高盛集团(Goldman Sachs Group Inc.)相信,他们最重要的客户在长期观望之后,即将卷土重来,并有望推动期待已久的投资银行费用的复苏。

关键词：摩根士丹利银行费用高盛集团私募投行费用银行家华尔街复苏

Effect of stress-dependent microannulus aperture on well leakage

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 1967-1976页

作者： Meng Meng Luke P.Frash j.william Carey Mohamed Mehana Wenfeng Li Bailian Chen Earth and Environmental Sciences Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA

Debonding at the cement-casing interface is recognized as a principal failure mechanism leading to CO_(2) leakage in *** detachment gives rise to a microannulus,which notably possesses greater permeability than undamaged cement,undermining its sealing ***,the permeability of the microannulus is regarded as a uniform value throughout the ***,fundamentally,a microannulus is one type of fracture,and its gap or aperture size is affected by the effective *** this work,we developed a unique experimental *** equipment facilitates the curing of cement inside a steel casing,the formation of a microannulus between the casing and the cement,and the investigation of the fluid flow dynamics along the microannulus under laboratory-replicated in situ *** microannulus was formed by injecting fluid from one end of the setup,and receiving similar amount of fluid on the other end signified the development of the leakage ***,strain gauges affixed to the casing’s external surface yielded key information on the microannulus’s opening and *** observed a noticeable decline in microannulus hydraulic aperture(or permeability)in relation to effective stress and an exponential equation fits their *** findings also indicate a distinct behavior when comparing liquid CO_(2) with ***,it is easier for liquid CO_(2) to create the ***,the hydraulic aperture range for this microannulus(0.7-6 mm)is considerably smaller than that created by water flow(2-17 mm).Finally,we integrated the stressdependent microannulus aperture size into the combined analysis of well mechanical integrity and well *** outcomes consistently demonstrated that when factoring in the stress-dependent aperture sizes,the leakage rates are 3e5 times compared to a fixed aperture *** traditional assumption of a constant aperture significantly underestimates fluid leakage risks.

关键词： Microannulus Leakage assessment Aperture size Triaxial experiment Carbon sequestration

Agriculture Green Development: a model for China and the world

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 5-13页

作者： jianbo SHEN Qichao ZHU Xiaoqiang jIAO Hao YING Hongliang WANG Xin WEN Wen XU Tingyu LI Wenfeng CONG Xuejun LIU Yong HOU Zhenling CUI Oene OENEMA william jdavies Fusuo ZHANG National Academy of Agriculture Green Development Department of Plant NutritionKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Soil Quality Wageningen University and Research CentreWageningen6700 AAthe Netherlands Lancaster Environment Centre University of LancasterLancasterLAI 4YQUK

Realizing sustainable development has become a global *** holds,in particular,for ***,the United Nations launched the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs),and the Nineteenth National People’s Congress has delivered a national strategy for sustainable development in China—realizing green *** overall objective of Agriculture Green Development(AGD)is to coordinate"green"with"development"to realize the transformation of current agriculture with high resource consumption and high environmental costs into a green agriculture and countryside with high productivity,high resource use efficiency and low environmental *** is a formidable task,requiring joint efforts of government,farmers,industry,educators and *** innovative concept for AGD will focus on reconstructing the whole crop-animal production and food production-consumption system,with the emphasis on high thresholds for environmental standards and food quality as well as enhanced human *** paper addresses the significance,challenges,framework,pathways and potential solutions for realizing AGD in China,and highlights the potential changes that will lead to a more sustainable agriculture in the *** include interdisciplinary innovations,whole food chain improvement and regional *** implementation of AGD in China will provide important implications for the countries in developmental transition,and contribute to global sustainable development.

关键词： Agriculture Green Development food security interdisciplinary innovations resource use efficiency sustainable development sustainable intensification whole industry chain