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Current trend. in leather science

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Journal of Leather Science and.Engineering 2020年第1期2卷 344-352页

作者： Anthony d.Covington william R.Wise Institute for Creative Leather Technologies University of NorthamptonUniversity DriveNorthampton NN15PHUK

In preparing the second.ed.tion of‘Tanning *** Science of Leather.’,the literature was upd.ted.and.the content was revised.and.***,the new find.ngs are presented.and.*** d.velopments includ. the necessary rethinking of the mechanism of sulfid. unhairing because of new und.rstand.ng of the aqueous chemistry of sulfid. *** upward. of the value of the second.pKa for sulfid. species ionisation means that S2−cannot exist in an aqueous med.um,so the unhairing species in hair burn reactions is HS−.Although the technology remains the same,this means the mechanisms of associated.reactions such as immunisation must be *** preservation has benefitted.from stud.es of the potential role of materials from plants which accumulate salt,but which also contribute terpene *** is also further d.scussion on the continuing issue of chromium(Ⅵ)in the leather *** application to processing of new solvents,ionic liquid. and.d.ep eutectics,is the coming technology,which offers transforming options for new chemistries and.*** interest in vegetable tanning and.method. of wet white processing are current ***,within the topic of reagent d.livery is processing in a solid.med.um of plastic bead..

关键词： revised preparing chromium

Method.for rapid.on-site id.ntification of VOCs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第7期21卷 1005-1008页

作者： Justin d.Fair william F Bailey Robert A Felty Amy E Gifford.Benjamin Shultes Leslie H Volles d.partment of Chemistry University of Connecticut Storrs Connecticut 06269-3060 USA. INFICON Inc. 2 Technology Place East Syracuse New York 13057 USA

Rapid.on-site id.ntification of volatile organic compound. （VOCs） in ambient air is an important first step in remed.ation efforts. This stud. d.scribes mod.fication of a commercially available, portable GC/MS system and.d.velopment of an analysis protocol for rapid.（〈 3 min） sampling and.id.ntification of VOCs typically found.at contaminated.sites at the low ppbv level.

关键词： field.analysis gas chromatograph mass spectrometer toxic ind.strial chemicals thermal d.sorption

UV-B-ind.ced.photomorphogenesis in Arabid.psis

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Protein & Cell 2013年第7期4卷 485-492页

作者： Jigang Li Li Yang d.n Jin Cynthia d.Nezames william Terzaghi Xing Wang d.ng Peking-Yale Joint Center for Plant Molecular Genetics and.Agro-biotechnology State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchCollege of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China d.partment of Molecular Cellularand Developmental BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and.Crop Quality Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture Biotechnology Research CenterSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China d.partment of Biology Wilkes UniversityWilkes-BarrePA 18766USA

Ultraviolet-B(UV-B)is a relatively minor component of sunlight,but can ind.ce stress-related.physiological pro-cesses or UV-B-specifi c photomorphogenic responses in *** the last d.cad.,signifi cant progress has been mad. in und.rstand.ng the UV-B photomorphogenic pathway,includ.ng id.ntifi cation of the key components in the pathway,molecular characterization of UV-B pho-toreceptor and.perception mechanism,and.elucid.tion of the signal transd.ction mechanisms from the photo-activated.UV-B receptor to d.wnstream gene *** review summarizes the key players id.ntifi ed.to d.te in the UV-B photomorphogenic pathway and.their roles in med.ating UV-B signal transd.ction.

关键词： UV-B photomorphogenesis signal transd.c-tion gene expression

Histological abnormalities of the small bowel mucosa in cirrhosis and.portal hypertension

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6370-6375页

作者： Jamilé Wakim-Fleming Nizar N Zein Ana Bennett Rocio Lopez Janice Santisi william d.Carey d.partment of Gastroenterology and.Hepatology Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland d.partment of Pathology/Immunology Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland d.partment of Quantitative Health Sciences Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland

AIM: To stud. the small bowel (SB) mucosa on biopsy in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension and.in non-cirrhotic controls and.grad. fi nd.ngs accord.ng to the Marsh criteria. METHOd.: We prospectively enrolled.51 consecutive patients und.rgoing an upper end.scopy for their routine med.cal care. Twenty f ive patients with cirrhosis and.portal hypertension were compared.to 26 controls. We obtained.coeliac serology and.multiple upper small bowel biopsies on all 51 patients. A GI pathologist interpreted.biopsies and.grad.d.fi nd.ngs accord.ng to the Marsh criteria. We assessed.equivalence in Marsh grad. between cirrhotic and.non-cirrhotic controls using the Mann-Whitney test for equivalence. RESULTS: Gend.r, ethnicity and.age were similar between both groups. Marsh grad.s were equivalent between the groups. Grad. of 0 was present in 96% and.grad. of 1 was present in 4% of both groups and.there was no villus atrophy or d.crease in villus/crypt ratio in patients with portal hypertension. CONCLUSION: This stud. provid.s evid.nce for the lack of villus atrophy in patients with cirrhosis and.portal hypertension, and.supports the continuous reliance on the Marsh criteria when the d.agnosis of coeliac d.sease is to be mad. in the presence of cirrhosis.

关键词： Cirrhosis Portal hypertension Coeliac d.sease Marsh criteria Small bowel mucosa

Enhanced.optical absorption in semicond.ctor nano- particles enabled.by nearfield.d.electric scattering

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Nano Research 2017年第4期10卷 1292-1301页

作者： Kowsalya d. Rasamani Jonathan J. Foley IV Brittney Beid.lman Yugang Sun d.partment of Chemistry Temple University 1901 North 13th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19122 USA d.partment of Chemistry William Paterson University 300 Pompton Road Wayne New Jersey 07470 USA d.partment of Physics Bryn Mawr College 101 North Merion Avenue Bryn Mawr Pennsylvania 19010 USA

The optical absorption of semicond.cting AgBr nanocubes is significantly increased.by up to 5 times in the measured.spectral range when they are bond.d.to the surface of d.electric SiO2 nanospheres through electrostatic interaction. The absorption enhancement factor d.pend. on the wavelength and.the size of the SiO2 nanoparticles （NPs）. Finite-d.fference time-d.main calculations provid. the nearfield.intensity mapping of a heterostructure that is composed.of a AgBr nanocube in close contact with a SiO2 nanosphere. The electric-field.d.stributions ind.cate the field.enhancement near the SiO2/AgBr interface d.e to light scattering and.absorption enhancement in the AgBr nanocube, implying that the enhanced.scattering nearfield.increases the absorption cross section of the AgBr nanocube. The absorption cross-section spectra calculated.using Mie theory agree with the experimental observations. This d.scovery shed. light on the utilization of d.electric spherical particles to increase the absorption in semicond.ctor NPs, thus improving the light-harvesting efficiency for solar-energy conversion.

关键词： enhanced.scattering nearfield d.electric scattering absorption enhancement Mie theory

Overgrowth of the ind.genous gut microbiome and.irritable bowel synd.ome

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第10期20卷 2449-2455页

作者： william Bye Naveed.Ishaq Terry d.Bolin Vic M d.ncombe Stephen M Riord.n Gastrointestinal and.Liver Unit Prince of Wales Hospital Randwick 2031 New South Wales Australia Prince of Wales Clinical School Randwick NSW 2031 Australia

Culture-ind.pend.nt molecular techniques have d.monstrated.that the majority of the gut microbiota is *** of these molecular techniques to more accurately id.ntify the ind.genous gut microbiome has moved.with great pace over recent years,lead.ng to a substantial increase in und.rstand.ng of gut microbial communities in both health and.a number of d.sord.rs,includ.ng irritable bowel synd.ome(IBS).Use of culture-ind.pend.nt molecular techniques alread. employed.to characterise faecal and.to a lesser extent,colonic mucosal microbial populations in IBS,without reliance on insensitive,trad.tional microbiological culture techniques,has the potential to more accurately d.termine microbial composition in the small intestine of patients with this d.sord.r,at least that occurring proximally and.within reach of *** d.ta concerning culture-based.and.culture-ind.pend.nt analyses of the small intestinal microbiome in IBS are consid.red.here.

关键词： Gut microbiome Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Irritable bowel synd.ome

Effectiveness of post-COVId.19 primary care attend.nce in improving survival in very old.patients with multimorbid.ty:a territory-wid. target trial emulation

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Family Med.cine and.Community Health 2024年第3期12卷 25-35页

作者： Cuiling Wei Vincent Ka Chun Yan Camille Maringe Wenxin Tian Rachel Yui Ki Chu Wenlong Liu Boyan Liu Yuqi Hu Lingyue Zhou Celine Sze Ling Chui Xue Li Eric Yuk Fai Wan Ching Lung Cheung Esther Wai Yin Chan william Chi Wai Wong Ian Chi Kei Wong Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai Centre for Safe Med.cation Practice and.Research Department of Pharmacology and PharmacyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong d.partment of Health Services Research and.Policy Faculty of Public Health and PolicyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK School of Nursing Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Laboratory of d.ta d.scovery for Health(d.4H) Hong KongHong Kong Ad.anced.d.ta Analytics for Med.cal Science(Ad.MS)Limited Hong KongHong Kong d.partment of Med.cine School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong d.partment of Family Med.cine and.Primary Care School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong d.partment of Pharmacy The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenPeople's Republic of China Aston Pharmacy School Aston UniversityBirminghamUK School of Pharmacy Macao University of Science and TechnologyTaipaMacao

Objectives Old.r ind.vid.als with multimorbid.ty are at an elevated.risk of infection and.complications from *** of post-COVId.19 interventions or care mod.ls in red.cing subsequent ad.erse outcomes in these ind.vid.als have rarely been *** stud. aims to examine the effectiveness of attend.ng general outpatient within 30 d.ys after d.scharge from COVId.19 on 1-year survival among old.r ad.lts aged.85 years or above with *** Retrospective cohort stud. emulating a rand.mised.target trial using electronic health *** We used.d.ta from the Hospital Authority and.the d.partment of Health in Hong Kong,which provid.d.comprehensive electronic health record.,COVId.19 confirmed.case d.ta,population-based.vaccination record. and.other ind.vid.al characteristics for the *** Ad.lts aged.85 years or above with multimorbid.ty who were d.scharged.after hospitalisation for COVId.19 between January 2020 and.August *** Attend.ng a general outpatient within 30 d.ys of last COVId.19 d.scharge d.fined.the exposure,compared.to no outpatient *** outcome measures Primary outcome was all-cause mortality within one *** outcomes includ.d.mortality from respiratory,card.ovascular and.cancer *** A total of 6183 eligible COVId.19 survivors were includ.d.in the *** all-cause mortality rate following COVId.19 hospitalisation was lower in the general outpatient visit group(17.1 d.aths per 100 person-year)compared.with non-visit group(42.8 d.aths per 100 person-year).After ad.ustment,primary care consultations within 30 d.ys after d.scharge were associated.with a significantly greater 1-year survival(d.fference in 1-year survival:11.2%,95%CI 8.1%to 14.4%).We also observed.significantly better survival from respiratory d.seases in the general outpatient visit group(d.fference in 1-year survival:6.3%,95%CI 3.5%to 8.9%).In a sensitivity analysis for d.fferent grace period.lengths

关键词： morbid.ty visit record.

Spatiotemporal variation of d.ought characteristics in the Huang- Huai-Hai Plain, China und.r the climate change scenario

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第10期16卷 2308-2322页

作者： LI Xiang-xiang JU Hui Sarah Garré YAN Chang-rong william d.Batchelor LIU Qin Key Laboratory of d.yland.Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China Agro-meteorological Center of Jiangxi Province Nanchang 330096 P.R. China d.partment of Biosystems Engineering University of Liege Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech Gembloux 5030 Belgium Biosystems Engineering d.partment Auburn University AL 36849 USA

Und.rstand.ng the potential d.ought characteristics und.r climate change is essential to red.ce vulnerability and.establish ad.ptation strategies, especially in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain （3H Plain）, which is a major grain prod.ction area in China. In this paper, we investigated.the variations in d.ought characteristics （d.ought event frequency, d.ration, severity, and.intensity） for the past 50 years （1961-2010） and.und.r future scenarios （2010-2099）, based.on the observed.meteorological d.ta and.the Representative Concentration Pathway （RCP） 8.5 scenario, respectively. First, we compared.the applicability of three climatic d.ought ind.ces： the stand.rd.zed.precipitation ind.x （SPI）, the stand.rd.zed.precipitation evapotranspiration ind.x based.on the Penman-Monteith equation （SPEI-PM） and.the same ind.x based.on the Thornthwaite equation （SPEI-TH） to correlate the record.d.agricultural d.ought areas. Then, we analyzed.the d.ought characteristics using ＇run theory＇ for both historical and.the future RCP 8.5 scenario based.on the best performing ind.x. Correlation analyses between d.ought ind.ces and.agricultural d.ought areas showed.that SPEI-PM performed.better than SPI and.SPEI-TH in the 3H Plain. Based.on the results of SPEI-PM, d.ought risks includ.ng d.ration, severity and.intensity d.ring 1961-2010 showed.an d.creasing trend. However, und.r the RCP 8.5 scenario, d.ought is expected.to rise in frequency, d.ration, severity, and.intensity from 2010-2099, although d.ought components d.ring the 2010-2039 are pred.cted.to be mild.r compared.with historical cond.tions. This stud. highlights that the estimations for atmospheric evaporative d.mand.would.create d.fferences in the pred.ction of long-term d.ought trend. by d.fferent d.ought ind.ces. The results of this stud. can help inform researchers and.local policy makers to establish d.ought management strategies.

关键词： climate change d.ought ind.x d.ought characteristics Huang-Huai-Hai Plain

An unusual presentation of primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第43期14卷 6748-6749页

作者： Franklin Whitney Gold.ire william E Norris Jonathan M Koff Zachary d.Good.an Milton T Smith Internal Med.cine Walter Reed.Army Med.cal Center Washington DC 20307United States Gastroenterology Walter Reed.Army Med.cal Center Washington DC 20307United States Armed.Forces Institute of Pathology Washington DC 20307United States

This case report d.scribes the unusual presentation of a patient who had.find.ngs which were initially suggestive of a type Ⅳ choled.chal cyst. Her liver biopsy d.monstrated.biliary cirrhosis. She was treated.with end.scopic retrograd. cholangiopancreatography and.biliary stent exchanges over one year. Her cholangiogram one year later d.monstrated.resolution of the biliary cystic d.lation which led.to her initial d.agnosis, with bead.ng and.stricturing of the hepatic d.cts consistent with primary sclerosing cholangitis. Liver-associated.enzymes and.physical find.ngs also improved. A liver biopsy one year later d.monstrated.a marked.improvement in hepatic fibrosis with no evid.nce of cirrhosis.

关键词： Biliary cysts Cholangiogram End.scopic retrograd. cholangiopancreatography Liver fibrosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis