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Soil microbial response to waste potassium silicate drilling fluid

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 189-198页

作者： Linjun Yao M.Anne Naeth allen Jobson Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta School of Land Science and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing)

Potassium silicate drilling fluids （PSDF） are a waste product of the oil and gas industry with potential for use in land reclamation. Few studies have examined the influence of PSDF on abundance and composition of soil bacteria and fungi. Soils from three representative locations for PSDF application in Alberta, Canada, with clay loam, loam and sand textures were studied with applications of unused, used once and used twice PSDF. For all three soils, applying ≥40 m^3/ha of used PSDF significantly affected the existing soil microbial flora. No microbiota was detected in unused PSDF without soil. Adding used PSDF to soil significantly increased total fungal and aerobic bacterial colony forming units in dilution plate counts, and anaerobic denitrifying bacteria numbers in serial growth experiments. Used PSDF altered bacterial and fungal colony forming unit ratios of all three soils.

关键词： Drilling waste Potassium silicate drilling fluid Soil Microbiota

Additive manufacturing of precision optics at micro and nanoscale

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2019年第1期1卷 92-109页

作者： Abolfazl Zolfaghari Tiantong Chen allen Y Yi The Ohio State University 210 Baker Systems 1971 Neil Ave ColumbusOH 43017United States of America

This review focuses on recent developments in additive manufacturing(AM)of precision optical devices,particularly devices consisting of components with critical features at the micro-and *** include,but are not limited to,microlenses,diffractive optical elements,and photonic ***,optical devices with large-size lenses and mirrors are not specifically included as this technology has not demonstrated feasibilities in that *** review is roughly divided into two slightly separated topics,the first on meso-and microoptics and the second on optics with nanoscale *** AM of precision optics is still in its infancy with many unanswered questions,the references cited on this exciting topic demonstrate an enabling technology with almost unlimited *** are many high quality reviews of AM processes of non-optical components,hence they are not the focus of this *** main purpose of this review is to start a conversion on optical fabrication based on information about 3D AM methods that has been made available to date,with an ultimate long-term goal of establishing new optical manufacturing methods that are low cost and highly precise with extreme flexibility.

关键词： additive manufacturing precision optics microlenses gratings diffractive optical

Long-range precipitation forecasts using paleoclimate reconstructions in the western United States

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第4期13卷 614-632页

作者： Christopher allen CARRIER Ajay KALRA Sajjad AHMAD Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of NevadaLas Vegas4505 S.Maryland ParkwayLas VegasIVV89154-4015USA Development Review Division Clark County Public Works500 S.Grand Central ParkwayLas VegasNV 89155USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Southern Illinois University1230 Lincoln DriveCarbondaleIL 62901-6603USA

Long-range precipitation forecasts are useful when managing water *** oscillations have been shown to influence *** to a longer cycle of some of the oscillations,a short instrumental record is a limitation in using them for long-range precipitation *** influence of oscillations over precipitation is observable within paleoclimate reconstructions;however,there have been no attempts to utilize these reconstructions in precipitation forecasting.A data-driven model,KStar,is used for obtaining long-range precipitation forecasts by extending the period of record through the use of reconstructions of *** is a nearest neighbor algorithm with an entropy-based distance ***-atmospheric oscillation reconstructions include the El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO),the Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO),and the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation(AMO).Precipitation is forecasted for 20 climate divisions in the western United States.A 10-year moving average is applied to aid in the identification of oscillation phases.A lead time approach is used to simulate a one-year forecast,with a 10-fold cross-validation technique to test the *** are used from 1658-1899,while the observed record is used from *** model is evaluated using mean absolute error(MAE),root mean squared error(RMSE),RMSE-observations standard deviation ratio(RSR),Pearson's correlation coefficient(R),NashSutcliffe coefficient of efficiency(NSE),and linear error in probability space(LEPS) skill score(SK).The role of individual and coupled oscillations is evaluated by dropping oscillations in the *** results indicate 'good' precipitation estimates using the KStar *** modeling technique is expected to be useful for long-term water resources planning and management.

关键词：降水预报古气候重建美国西部太平洋年代际振荡大气振荡均方根误差平均绝对误差驱动模型

pysky: An Application for the Planning of Multi-Target Astronomical Observations

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2021年第11期9卷 2765-2775页

作者： allen E. Rocha william D. Parker Department of Mathematics and Physics University of Wisconsin-Parkside Kenosha USA

To automate the process of planning and curating multi-target observation sessions, pysky application builds on the astroplan Python package to identify visible objects during an observation window and produce relevant information about those objects in visual and graphical form. The package calculates object visibility based on a provided time window and observing location as well as maximum airmass and limiting magnitude requested by the user. The pysky application images of the target objects with identifying and astrometric data to provide context for the images. In addition, pysky creates polar plots of each object’s horizontal coordinates, and the images and plots are designed to be shown side-by-side. The package also generates an HTML table of the selected target objects with their related data to relay the entire target list as one. The pysky application draws on a variety of Python packages to collect and process data from databases such as JPL Horizons and SIMBAD. Results for a test event were verified by hand using database web interfaces. The pysky application provides a platform for further integration of automated observation planning with websites and apps to enhance multi-target observation sessions.

关键词： Observational Astronomy Observatories Astronomy Software

Airway function throughout the lifespan: Pediatric origins of adult respiratory disease

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Pediatric Investigation 2019年第4期3卷 236-244页

作者： Julian Lewis allen Division of Pulmonary Medicine The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and The Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a leading cause of disability and death of adults in the USA and *** environmental factors such as smoking and air pollution are major contributors to COPD,pediatric respiratory disease and more specifically early childhood wheezing are frequent predisposing *** is therefore possible that aggressive prevention and treatment of childhood respiratory illness may modify adult COPD *** article reviews some of the physiological factors that may explain the pediatric origins of childhood lung *** such factor is the"tracking"of normal lung function which occurs with *** maximal expiratory flow volume(MEFV)curve is an ideally suited tool to monitor tracking of airway function over the lifespan,as its relative effort independence makes it highly *** of the MEFV curve has demonstrated that individuals with similar lung volumes can have large differences in maximal flows,reflecting a disconnection between airway and lung growth("dysanapsis").Less than average airway size due to dysanaptic airway growth or airway remodeling may be independent risk factors for the development of COPD and the asthma/COPD overlap syndrome in adult *** are intriguing early data suggesting that perhaps at least some of this risk is modifiable by improving asthma control with inhaled corticosteroids and minimizing asthma exacerbations.

关键词： Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) Asthma Asthma/COPD overlap syndrome Maximal expiratory Flow volume curve flow limitation equal pressure point Wavespeed theory Childhood origins Lung function tracking Dysanapsis Airway remodeling Prevention

Adaptively Controlled Hybrid Welding Using a High Brightness Laser

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稀有金属材料与工程 2011年第S4期40卷 1-5页

作者： C.M.allen P.A.Hilton TWI Ltd Granta ParkGreat AbingtonCambridgeCB21 6ALUnited Kingdom

Hybrid laser-MAG welding with real-time adaptive control has been *** welding conditions have been developed to produce ISO 13919-1 class B (stringent) quality butt welds between 8mm thickness steel plates,using a 5kW *** Yb fibre laser combined with conventional arc welding equipment.A laser vision seam tracking system has enabled a 7-axis robot,manipulating the hybrid welding head,to track butt joints in real time during *** laser vision system has also provided information on the variations in joint fit-up,in particular the width of any gaps,or height of any mismatches *** information has then been used to automatically adjust the robot position or speed,or arc welding parameters,depending on the fit-up *** this way,the tolerance of the hybrid process has been augmented,producing stringent quality welds over a wider range of joint fit-up cases than when using fixed conditions alone.

关键词： hybrid welding steel adaptive control fit-up tolerance

A Note on Reviving the Goddard Satellite-Based Surface Turbulent Fluxes (GSSTF) Dataset

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第6期26卷 1071-1080页

作者： Chung-Lin SHIE Long S. CHIU Robert ADLER Eric NELKIN I-I LIN Pingping XIE Feng-Chin WANG R. CHOKNGAMWONG william OLSON D. allen CHU UMBC/GEST Baltimore Maryland USA Code 613.1 NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland USA GMU/CEOSR Fairfax Virginia USA CUHK/ISEIS Shatin NT Hong Kong UMCP/ESSIC College Park Maryland USA SSAI Lanham Maryland USA NTU Taipei Taiwan NOAA/CPC Camp Springs Maryland USA CWB Taipei Chinese Taiwan UMBC/JCET Baltimore Maryland USA Code 613.2 NASA/GSFC Greenbelt Maryland USA

Accurate sea surface flux measurements are crucial for understanding the global water and energy cycles. The oceanic evaporation, which is a major component of the global oceanic fresh water flux, is useful for predicting oceanic circulation and transport. The global Goddard Satellite-based Surface Turbulent Fluxes Version-2 （GSSTF2; July 1987–December 2000） dateset that was o？cially released in 2001 has been widely used by scientific community for global energy and water cycle research, and regional and short period data analyses. We have recently been funded by NASA to resume processing the GSSTF dataset with an objective of continually producing a uniform dataset of sea surface turbulent fluxes, derived from remote sensing data. The dataset is to be reprocessed and brought up-to-date （GSSTF2b） using improved input datasets such as a recently upgraded NCEP/DOE sea surface temperature reanalysis, and an upgraded surface wind and microwave brightness temperature V6 dataset （Version 6） from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager （SSM/I） produced by Remote Sensing Systems （RSS）. A second new product （GSSTF3） is further proposed with a finer temporal （12-h） and spatial （0.25° × 0.25°） resolution. GSSTF2b （July 1987–December 2008） and GSSTF3 （July 1999–December 2009） will be released for the research community to use by late 2009 and early 2011, respectively.

关键词： surface turbulent fluxes global oceanic satellite-based

Protoliths of enigmatic Archaean gneisses established from zircon inclusion studies:Case study of the Caozhuang quartzite,***,China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第4期5卷 445-455页

作者： allen P.Nutman Ronni Maciejowski Yusheng Wan GeoQuEST Research Centre School of Earth & Environmental SciencesUniversity of Wollongong Beijing SHRIMP Center Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological Sciences

A diverse suite of Archaean gneisses at Huangbaiyu village in the North China Craton, includes rare fuchsite-bearing （Cr-muscovite） siliceous rocks - known as the Caozhuang quartzite. The Caozhuang quartzite is strongly deformed and locally mylonitic, with silica penetration and pegmatite veining common. It contains abundant 3880-3600 Ma and some Palaeoarchaean zircons. Because of its siliceous nature, the presence of fuchsite and its complex zircon age distribution, it has until now been accepted as a （mature） quartzite. However, the Caozhuang quartzite sample studied here is feldspathic. The shape and cathodoluminescence petrography of the Caozhuang quartzite zircons show they resemble those found in immature detrital sedimentary rocks of local provenance or in Eoarchaean polyphase orthog- neisses, and not those in mature quartzites. The Caozhuang quartzite intra-zircon mineral inclusions are dominated by quartz,

关键词： North China CratonCaozhuang quartziteZircon inclusionsEoarchaean rocksArchaean crustal evolution

Prevention of erectile dysfunction after radiotherapy for prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 805-806页

作者： Izak Faiena Neal Patel allen D Seftel Division of Urology Rutgers Robert Wood JohnsonMedical School N J USA 2Division of Urology Cooper Medical School of Rowan University CamdenN J USA.

With increasing scrutiny of prostate cancer （PCa） diagnosis and treatment, much attention has been given to the morbidity caused by radical prostatectomy （RP） and/or radiotherapy （RT）. One of the most common side-effects of either treatment is erectile dysfunction （ED）.1 Approximately, 40% of patients will experience ED after RT for PCa. The post-RT ED causes significant patient dissatisfaction with cancer treatment as well as decrease in patient and partner psychosocial function,z To address this issue in patients undergoing RT, Pisansky et al.3 conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of a phosphodiesterase enzyme-5 inhibitor （PDE5i）, tadalafil, as a preventive measure for patients undergoing RT for PCa and found no difference in erectile function between the control and treatment groups.

关键词： EXTERNAL-BEAM RADIOTHERAPY TADALAFIL 5 MG RADIATION-THERAPY TRIAL MEN SATISFACTION EFFICACY