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Exploring the Characteristics of Data Breaches: A Descriptive Analytic Study

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Journal of Information Security 2024年第2期15卷 168-195页

作者： Dominik molitor Aditya Saharia Viju Raghupathi Wullianallur Raghupathi Gabelli School of Business Fordham University New York USA Brooklyn College The City University of New York New York USA

Data breaches have massive consequences for companies, affecting them financially and undermining their reputation, which poses significant challenges to online security and the long-term viability of businesses. This study analyzes trends in data breaches in the United States, examining the frequency, causes, and magnitude of breaches across various industries. We document that data breaches are increasing, with hacking emerging as the leading cause. Our descriptive analyses explore factors influencing breaches, including security vulnerabilities, human error, and malicious attacks. The findings provide policymakers and businesses with actionable insights to bolster data security through proactive audits, patching, encryption, and response planning. By better understanding breach patterns and risk factors, organizations can take targeted steps to enhance protections and mitigate the potential damage of future incidents.

关键词： Cyber Security Information Security Data Breaches Descriptive Analytics Privacy Visualization Visual Analytics

The Polycomb Complex PRC1:Composition and Function in Plants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2013年第5期40卷 231-238页

作者： Anne molitor Wen-Hui Shen Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS Université de Strasbourg12 rue du Général Zimmer67084 StrasbourgFrance Institut J.-P.Bourgin UMR1318 INRA-AgroParisTechINRAroute de Saint Cyr78026 VersaillesFrance

Polycomb group（PcG） proteins are crucial epigenetic regulators conferring transcriptional memory to cell *** assemble into multi-protein complexes,e.g.,Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 and 2（PRC1,PRC2）,which are thought to act in a sequential manner to stably maintain gene ***2 induces histone H3 lysine 27（H3K27） trimethylation（H3K27me3）,which is subsequently read by PRCl that further catalyzes H2A monoubiquitination（H2Aub1）,creating a transcriptional silent chromatin ***2 components are conserved in plants and have been extensively characterized in *** contrast,PRCl composition and function are more diverged between animals and *** more recently,PRC1 existence in plants has been *** we review the aspects of plant specific and conserved PRC1 and highlight critical roles of PRC1 components in seed embryonic trait determinacy,shoot stem cell fate determinacy,and flower development in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Epigenetics Chromatin Histone modifications Polycomb PRC1 Arabidopsis development

Transport in graphene nanostructures

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Frontiers of physics 2011年第3期6卷 271-293页

作者： Christoph Stampfer Stefan Fringes Johannes Gfittinger Francoise molitor Christian Yolk Bernat Terrds Jan Dauber Stephan Engels Stefan Schnez Arnhild Jacobsen Susanne Droscher Thomas Ihn Klaus Ensslin JARA-FIT and II. Institute of Physics B RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen and Peter Griinberg Institute （PCI-9） Forschungszentrum Jiilich 52425 Jiilich Germany Solid State Physics Laboratory ETH Zurich 8093 Zurich Switzerland

Graphene nanostructures are promising candidates for future nanoelectronics and solid-state quan- tum information technology. In this review we provide an overview of a number of electron transport experiments on etched graphene nanostructures. We briefly revisit the electronic properties and the transport characteristics of bulk, i.e., two-dimensional graphene. The fabrication techniques for making graphene nanostructures such as nanoribbons, single electron transistors and quantum dots, mainly based on a dry etching ＂paper-cutting＂ technique are discussed in detail. The limitations of the current fabrication technology are discussed when we outline the quantum transport properties of the nanostructured devices. In particular we focus here on transport through graphene nanoribbons and constrictions, single electron transistors as well as on graphene quantum dots including dou- ble quantum dots. These quasi-one-dimensional （nanoribbons） and quasi-zero-dimensional （quantum dots） graphene nanostructures show a clear route of how to overcome the gapless nature of graphene allowing the confinement of individual carriers and their control by lateral graphene gates and charge detectors. In particular, wo emphasize that graphene quantum dots and double quantum dots are very promising systems for spin-based solid state quantum computation, since they are believed to have exceptionally long spin coherence times due to weak spin-orbit coupling and weak hyperflne interaction in graphene.

关键词： graphene nanostructures electron transport quantum dots

Implementation of Automated Sample Quality Control in Whole Exome Sequencing

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Journal of Life Sciences 2017年第6期11卷 261-268页

作者： Elisa Viering Jana molitor Leslie Friedmann Jana Petersen Marie Beckhaus Stephan Wolf Agilent Technologies Inc. Waldbronn 76337 Germany DKFZ Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility High Throughput Sequencing Unit Heidelberg 69120 Germany

Histological and Physiological Investigation of Channelrhodopsin-2 and Halorhodopsin in the Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus

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Journal of Otology 2011年第1期6卷 10-19页

作者： T. Shimano B. Fyk-Kolodziej M. Asako K. Tomoda S. Bledsoe Z.H. Pan S. molitor A.G. Holt Anatomy and Cell Biology Department Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit MI 48201 USA Department of Otolaryngology Kansai Medical University Hirakata-city Osaka 573-1191 Japan Kresge Hearing Research Institute University of Michigan School of Medicine Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Bioengineering University of Toledo Toledo OH 43606 USA

We have delivered viral vectors containing either Chop2 fused with GFP, Channelrhodopsin-2 （ChR2）, or Halorhodopsin （HaloR） fused with mCherry （to form light gated cation channels or chloride pumps, respectively）, into the dorsal cochlear nucleus （DCN）. One to eighteen months later we examined the CN and inferior colliculus （IC） for evidence of virally transfected cells and processes. Production of ChR2 and HaloR was observed throughout the DCN. Rhodopsin localization within neurons was determined, with elongate, fusiform and giant cells identified based on morphology and location within the DCN. Production of ChR2 and HaloR was found at both the injection site as well as in regions projecting to and from the DCN. Light driven neuronal activity in the DCN was dependent upon the wavelength and intensity of the light, with only the appropriate wavelength resulting in activation and higher intensity light resulting in more neuronal activity. Transfecting cells via viral delivery of rhodopsins can be useful as a tract tracer and as a neuronal marker to delineate pathways. In the future rhodopsin delivery and activation may be developed as an alternative to electrical stimulation of neurons.

关键词： cochlear nucleus channelrhodopsin-2 halorhodopsin tracer optical control

婴幼儿心脏手术体外循环分别采用新鲜全血和再造血的对比研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 7-8页

作者： Mou S.S. Giroir B.P. molitor-Kirsch E.A. D.Stromberg 李开 Dr.Division of Cardiology Children's Medical Center 1935 Motor St. Dallas TX 75235United States

研究背景:为了减小心肺分流术后凝血紊乱和炎症反应的危害,许多医疗机构在进行新生儿和婴幼儿心脏手术时,将输入新鲜全血作为标准治疗措施。为了启动心肺分流术中侧支循环,可输入新鲜全血,也可输入浓缩红细胞与新鲜冷冻血浆混合血(再造... 详细信息

研究背景:为了减小心肺分流术后凝血紊乱和炎症反应的危害,许多医疗机构在进行新生儿和婴幼儿心脏手术时,将输入新鲜全血作为标准治疗措施。为了启动心肺分流术中侧支循环,可输入新鲜全血,也可输入浓缩红细胞与新鲜冷冻血浆混合血(再造血),本文对这两种方法进行对比研究。方法:单中心双盲性随机对照试验,将接受过心脏外科手术且小于1岁的患儿作为研究对象。侧支循环启动后,根据输入血液成分不同。

关键词：婴幼儿心脏手术新鲜全血侧支循环冷冻血分流术心脏外科手术随机对照试验混合血浓缩红细胞炎症反应

“猪地方性肺炎及其防治控制”专栏二：有关猪肺炎支原体感染诊断方法和流行病学的最新观点

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2009年第3期29卷 4-10页

作者： Marina Sibila Maria Pieters Thomas molitor Dominiek Maes Freddy Haesebmuck Joaquim Segal e s 沈权（译）邵嘉佳（校）

猪肺炎支原体是猪地方性肺炎（Enzoodc Pneumonia，EP）的主要病原体，本病是一种主要影响肥育猪的慢性呼吸道疾病。尽管人们在控制猪肺炎支原体感染及其带来的不利影响上花费了大量的精力，但是猪地方性肺炎仍继续给全球养猪生产造成... 详细信息

猪肺炎支原体是猪地方性肺炎（Enzoodc Pneumonia，EP）的主要病原体，本病是一种主要影响肥育猪的慢性呼吸道疾病。尽管人们在控制猪肺炎支原体感染及其带来的不利影响上花费了大量的精力，但是猪地方性肺炎仍继续给全球养猪生产造成重大的经济损失。猪肺炎支原体通常是通过引进亚临床型感染的动物而侵入猪群的，或通过短距离的空气传播发生感染，但后一种情况较少。一旦侵入猪群，猪肺炎支原体可通过与受感染的母猪直接接触而将病原体传给后代或在同圈猪只之间进行传播。用于诊断猪肺炎支原体感染的“黄金标准”技术——细菌学培养非常费劲，通常很少使用。酶联免疫吸附试验和聚合酶链式反应检测方法以及以屠宰场监测或田间剖解为形式的死后检查，是用于调查猪肺炎支原体是否参与了猪呼吸道疾病的最常用技术。这些技术已被用来监测受猪地方性肺炎影响的猪群猪肺炎支原体的临床型和亚临床型感染猪群、免疫猪群或非免疫猪群以及处于不同的生产条件和管理奈件下的猪群的发生情况。猪场水平上的猪地方性肺炎临床过程差异以及猪肺炎支原体疫苗接种效果的差异表明，猪肺炎支原体的不同田间分离株的传播和毒力特性存在差异。本文综述了猪肺炎支原体感染的流行病学最新知识，包括其传播、感染和血清转化动力学，并且还比较了用来监测猪地方性肺炎的各种流行病学方法。

关键词：猪肺炎支原体诊断流行病学传播猪

MESA P2实验对弱混合角的测量（英文）

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中国科学技术大学学报 2016年第6期46卷 481-487页

作者： BERGER N. AULENBACHER K. BAUNACK S. BECKER D. DIEFENBACH J. GERICKE M. GERZ K. HERBERTZ R. KUMAR K. MAAS F. molitor M. PINIEIRO D.R. SOROKIN I. SOUDER P. SPIESBERGER H. TYUKIN A. TYUKIN V. ZIMMERMANN M. 德国约翰内斯堡大学核物理学院卓越研究中心德国美因茨亥姆霍兹公司德国美因茨曼尼托巴大学天文物理学系加拿大温尼伯格石溪大学天文物理学系美国石溪锡拉丘兹大学物理系美国锡拉丘兹德国约翰内斯堡大学物理学院卓越研究中心德国美因茨

美因茨的P2实验致力于通过电子-质子散射将弱混合角sin^2θ_W的测量精确度提高到0.13%.为了压低由于质子结构和箱图贡献的不确定性,选择了低平均四动量转移Q2(4.5×10^(-3)GeV2/c2)和低束流能量(155 Me V).为了达到实验要求的巨大统计量... 详细信息

美因茨的P2实验致力于通过电子-质子散射将弱混合角sin^2θ_W的测量精确度提高到0.13%.为了压低由于质子结构和箱图贡献的不确定性,选择了低平均四动量转移Q2(4.5×10^(-3)GeV2/c2)和低束流能量(155 Me V).为了达到实验要求的巨大统计量,新的美因茨能量恢复超导加速器(MESA)正在建设中.本文描述了测量的动机、实验和加速器面临的挑战以及解决问题的方案.

关键词：弱混合角宇称破缺电子散射

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目前对猪肺炎支原体诊断和流行病学的观点

中国猪业 2018年第9期13卷 41-45页

作者： Sibila M Pieters M molitor T Maes D Haesebrouck F Segales J 陈善真(译) 曹仁祺(译) 饶雷(译) 张居荣(译) 陈海辉(译) 林显站(译) 王贵平(译) 不详广东海大畜牧兽医研究院广东广州511400 阳西县丰沃生态农业有限公司广东阳江529800

猪支原体是地方性肺炎的主要病原,地方性肺炎是一种主要影响育肥猪的慢性呼吸道疾病。尽管人们为了控制猪支原体感染和其造成的不利影响做了很多努力,地方性肺炎依然给全球养猪业造成严重经济损失。猪支原体被引入猪场主要是通过购买亚... 详细信息

猪支原体是地方性肺炎的主要病原,地方性肺炎是一种主要影响育肥猪的慢性呼吸道疾病。尽管人们为了控制猪支原体感染和其造成的不利影响做了很多努力,地方性肺炎依然给全球养猪业造成严重经济损失。猪支原体被引入猪场主要是通过购买亚临床感染的动物,或者少数情况下通过近距离的空气传播。一旦侵入猪群,支原体可能通过与感染的母猪直接接触而传播给仔猪或在同圈猪只之间传播。细菌培养是诊断猪支原体感染的金标准,但因其方法费力,通常很少使用。ELISA和PCR方法以及以屠宰场监测或者田间解剖形式的死后检查,是调查支原体是否参与猪呼吸道疾病的最常用方法。这些技术已被用来监测受支原体影响的临床或亚临床感染猪群,免疫或非免疫猪群以及在不同生产和管理条件下的猪群支原体感染发病情况。在猪场水平上的地方性肺炎临床发病过程不同和支原体疫苗接种效果不同,提示不同支原体田间分离株的传播和毒力特征存在差异。总结了目前猪支原体流行病学的最新观点,包括传播、感染和血清转阳规律,同时比较了几种监测地方性肺炎的流行病学技术。

关键词：肺炎支原体诊断流行病学传播猪