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Regulation of protein degradation pathways by amino acids and insulin in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 299-309页

作者： Agus Suryawan Teresa A davis United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center Department of PediatricsBaylor College of Medicine

Background： The rapid gain in lean mass in neonates requires greater rates of protein synthesis than degradation. We previously delineated the molecular mechanisms by which insulin and amino acids, especially leucine, modulate skeletal muscle protein synthesis and how this changes with development. In the current study, we identified mechanisms involved in protein degradation regulation. In experiment 1,6- and 26-d-old pigs were studied during 1） euinsulinemic-euglycemic-euaminoacidemic, 2） euinsulinemic-euglycemiohyperaminoacidemic, and 3） hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic-euaminoacidemic clamps for 2 h. In experiment 2, 5-d-old pigs were studied during 1） euinsulinemic-euglycemic-euaminoacidemic-euleucinemic, 2） euinsulinemic-euglycemic-hypoaminoacidemic- hyperleucinemic, and 3） euinsulinemic-euglycemic-euaminoacidemic-hyperleucinemic clamps for 24 h. We determined in muscle indices of ubiquitin-proteasome, i.e., atrogin-1 （MAFbx） and muscle RING-finger protein-1 （MuRF1） and autophagy-lysosome systems, i.e., unc51-1ike kinase 1 （UKL1）, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 （LC3）, and lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 （Lamp-2）. For comparison, we measured ribosomal protein 56 （rpS6） and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E （elF4E） activation, components of translation initiation. Results： Abundance of atrogin-1, but not MuRF1, was greater in 26- than 6-d-old pigs and was not affected by insulin, amino acids, or leucine. Abundance of ULK1 and LC3 was higher in younger pigs and not affected by treatment. The LC3-11/LC3-1 ratio was reduced and ULK1 phosphorylation increased by insulin, amino acids, and leucine. These responses were more profound in younger pigs. Abundance of Lamp-2 was not affected by treatment or development. Abundance of elF4E, but not rpS6, was higher in 6- than 26-d-old-pigs but unaffected by treatment. Phosphorylation of elF4E was not affected by treatment, however, insulin, amino acids, and leucine stimulated rpS6 phosphorylation, and the resp

关键词： Amino acids Autophagy Insulin Leucine Muscle Neonate Protein degradation Protein synthesis,Swine Ubiquitin

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Vaccine-associated myocarditis:a case report and summary of the literature

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第6期13卷 485-487页

作者： Joshua davis Lauren Jennings University of Kansas School of Medicine Wichita 67214USA Vituity Wichita 67214USA American Red Cross in Hazelwood Missouri 63042USA

Dear editor,Myocarditis is a known complication of vaccines for COVID-19,particularly mRNA *** it is rare,the exact incidence of vaccine-associated myocarditis is *** of personal choice in vaccination decisions often cite the risk of myocarditis as a reason one might choose not to receive the COVID-19 ***,we describe a case of focal myocarditis associated with the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and review the literature on the incidence and risk of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis.

关键词： myocarditis vaccine Pfizer

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Non-pharmacological therapies for inflammatory bowel disease: Recommendations for self-care and physician guidance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第28期24卷 3055-3070页

作者： whitney Duff Natasha Haskey Gillian Potter Jane Alcorn Paulette Hunter Sharyle Fowler College of Kinesiology University of Saskatchewan Irving K Barber School of Arts and Science University of British Columbia-Okanagan Department of Psychology University of Saskatchewan College of Pharmacy and Nutrition University of Saskatchewan St Thomas More College University of Saskatchewan Department of Medicine University of Saskatchewan

We performed a scoping review on sought-after complementary therapies for patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), specifically diet, physical activity and exercise(PA/E), and psychotherapy. We aim to update patients with IBD on therapies for self-care and provide physicians with guidance on how to direct their patients for the management of IBD. A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PUBMED was completed in Sept 2016. Studies on diet, PA/E, or psychotherapy in patients with IBD were included. Medical Subject Heading terms and Boolean operators were used. The search was limited to full-text English articles describing an adult population. This review included 67 studies: Diet(n = 19); PA/E(n = 19); and psychotherapy(n = 29). We have made the following recommendations:(1) Diet: Consumption of diets rich in vegetables, fruit and soluble fiber may be beneficial in IBD. A trial of a low FODMAP diet can be considered in those patients with functional gastrointestinal symptoms. Restrictive diets are lacking in evidence and should be avoided;(2) PA/E: Regular lowmoderate intensity activity, including cardiovascular and resistance exercise, has been shown to improve quality of life(QOL) and may improve inflammation; and(3) psychotherapy: Therapies such as cognitive-behavioural interventions, mindfulness, hypnosis, and stress management have been shown to improve QOL, but evidence is limited on their impact on anxiety, depression, and disease activity. Overall, these complementary therapies are promising and should be used to treat patients with IBD from a more holistic perspective.

关键词： Scoping review Inflammatory bowel disease Diet Exercise Psychotherapy

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Effects of A-site nonstoichiometry on oxide ion conduction in 0.94Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5)TiO_(3)-0.06BaTiO_(3) ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2016年第2期6卷 70-78页

作者： Sasiporn Prasertpalichat whitney Schmidt David P.Cann Materials Science School of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Lead free 0.94(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)-0.06BaTiO_(3)ceramics were prepared by conventional solid-state mixed oxide route with the A-site stoichiometry modified to incorporate donor-doping(through Bi-excess)and acceptor-doping(through Na-excess).Both stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric ceramics exhibited a single perovskite phase with pseudo-cubic symmetry.A significant improvement in the dielectric properties was observed in Bi-excess compositions and a deterioration in the dielectric properties was observed in Na-excess *** spectroscopy was utilized to analyze the effects of A-site nonstoichiometry on conduction *** with Bi-excess resulted in an electrically homogeneous microstructure with an increase in resistivity by3-4 orders of magnitude and an associated activation energy of 1.57 eV which was close to half of the optical *** contrast,an electrically heterogeneous microstructure was observed in both the stoichiometric and Na-excess *** addition,the Na-excess compositions exhibited low resistivities(ρ-10^(3)Ω-cm)with characteristic peaks in the impedance data comparable to the recent observations of oxide ion conduction in(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))TiO_(3).Long term annealing studies were also conducted at 800℃to identify changes in crystal structure and electrical *** results of this study demonstrates that the dielectric and electrical properties of 0.94(Bi_(0.5)Na_(0.5))TiO_(3)-0.06BaTiO_(3)ceramics are very sensitive to Bi/Na stoichiometry.

关键词： A-site nonstoichiometry oxide ion conduction lead free BNT-BT ceramics impedance spectroscopy ceramics.

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名中医申洪波培土肃金法辨治肺癌免疫治疗相关性肺炎

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陕西中医 2024年第6期45卷 820-823页

作者：李站吴思渊杜欣颖廖结英梁莉刘瑞申洪波 [美]davis Aaron 北京市怀柔区中医医院北京101400 中国中医科学院北京100700 北京大学第三医院北京100191 国家中医药管理局人才交流中心北京100027 中国中医科学院广安门医院北京100053

免疫治疗相关性肺炎(CIP)是指应用免疫靶点抑制剂(ICPi)后,引起肺泡组织损伤而出现的炎症反应,往往影响患者的后续治疗,目前西医对本病的治疗以糖皮质激素为主。申洪波老师认为本病虚实夹杂,主要病机是肺脾两虚、痰热蕴肺,治疗以健脾肃... 详细信息

免疫治疗相关性肺炎(CIP)是指应用免疫靶点抑制剂(ICPi)后,引起肺泡组织损伤而出现的炎症反应,往往影响患者的后续治疗,目前西医对本病的治疗以糖皮质激素为主。申洪波老师认为本病虚实夹杂,主要病机是肺脾两虚、痰热蕴肺,治疗以健脾肃肺、清热化痰为主导,虚实并治。治疗时主要结合病程、临床症状及相关检查、检验结果,辨虚实主次,随证加减。疾病早期多联合糖皮质激素治疗,立法以清热化痰活血为主,重在祛邪;疾病后期多以单纯中药治疗,立法培土肃金为主,旨在扶正,临床取得良好效果。

关键词：免疫治疗相关性肺炎培土肃金法免疫靶点抑制剂糖皮质激素肺脾两虚痰热蕴肺

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The Effect of the MNRI Method on Neurotransmitter Biomarkers of Individuals with Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2019年第3期10卷 292-321页

作者： Clayton Bell Jordan whitney Trina Deiss Тatiana Tatarinova Lorri Franckle Susan Beaven Jeffrey davis Department of Family Medicine University of Tennessee Medical Center Knoxville TN USA 3M Co. Minneapolis MN USA United Front Foundation Minneapolis MN USA University of La Verne La Verne CA USA Laser Health Orlando FL USA St. Petersburg Free Clinic St. Petersburg FL USA Prairie Health and Wellness Wichita KS USA

Introduction: The MNRI (Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Integration) method was developed in 1989 in Russia and has spread world-wide to treat individuals with certain types reflex development deficits, behavior disorders, disorders of speech or language development, and learning disabilities. MNRI is based on techniques called “repatterning” or remodulation, meaning re-education, recoding the reflex nerve pathways specific for dynamic and postural reflex schemes. Objectives: Repatterning activates the extra pyramidal nervous system responsible for automatic mechanisms and processes, the extension of links between neurons, the growth of neural nets, myelination, and the creation of new nerve routing. This potential result was tested utilizing urinary measurements of the following neurotransmitters: epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, DOPAC, serotonin, 5-HIAA, glycine, taurine, GABA, glutamate, PEA, and histamine. Methods: Neurological impact of the Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Method on the magnitude of changes in neurotransmitters was assessed by an external controlled and double-blind method using patients from one of the four diagnosis groups: 1) global developmental disorders;2) cerebral palsy, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Acute Brain Injury (ABI), and seizures;3) ADD/ADHD;and 4) anxiety disorders. Results: The post-MNRI results in participants show a tendency for regulation of the above neurotransmitters resulting in their calming down, decrease of hypervigilance, stress resilience increase, improvements in behavioral and emotional regulation, positive emotions, and cognitive processes control. Conclusion: The application of the Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Method as a therapy modality offers a novelty paradigm for the treatment using neuro- and immune-modulation technologies presenting a non-pharmaceutical approach, based on use of neurosensorimotor reflex circuit concept.

关键词： Neurotransmitters Masgutova Neurosensorimotor Reflex Method (MNRI) Sensory-Motor Reflex Integration Immunology Global Developmental Disorders Cerebral Palsy Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Acute Brain Injury (ABI) Seizures ADD/ADHD and Anxiety Disorders

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Time for a Nuclear Meeting： Protein Trafficking and Chromatin Dynamics Intersect in the Plant Circadian System

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 554-565页

作者： Eva Herrero Seth J. davis Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Carl-von-Linne＇weg 10 50829 Cologne Germany Present address： MRC National Institute for Medical Research The Ridgeway Mill Hill NW7 1AA London UK

Circadian clocks mediate adaptation to the 24-h world. In Arabidopsis, most circadian-clock components act in the nucleus as transcriptional regulators and generate rhythmic oscillations of transcript accumulation. In this review, we focus on post-transcriptional events that modulate the activity of circadian-clock components, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation, changes in cellular localization, and protein-protein interactions. These processes have been found to be essential for circadian function, not only in plants, but also in other circadian systems. Moreover, light and clock signaling networks are highly interconnected. In the nucleus, light and clock compo- nents work together to generate transcriptional rhythms, leading to a general control of the timing of plant physiological processes.

关键词： circadian light signaling chromatin cellular dynamics ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated proteolysis

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Lead-phase and red-stripe color morphs of red-backed salamanders Plethodon cinereus differ in hematological stress indices:A consequence of differential predation pressure?

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Current Zoology 2010年第2期56卷 238-243页

作者： Andrew K.davis Joseph R.MILANOVICH D.B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources The University of Georgia

Throughout the animal kingdom there are species that have two or more phenotypic forms or ‘morphs＇, and many of these are amphibians. In North America, the red-backed salamander Plethodon cinereus can have either a red dorsal stripe or no dorsal stripe （lead-phase form）, and evidence to date indicates the lead-phase form incurs a greater number of attacks from predators. In a recent collection of 51 P cinereus, blood smears of both color morphs （35 red-stripe, 16 lead-phase） were examined to obtain numbers of circulating leukocytes （via light microscopy）, which can be used to indirectly estimate levels of stress hormones in vertebrates via a ‘hematological stress index＇, which is the ratio between the number of two leukocyte types （neutrophils and lymphocytes）. Our results showed that lead-phase salamanders tended to have greater numbers of circulating neutrophils and lower numbers of circulating lymphocytes than red-stripe morphs, leading to higher average neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios in lead-phase individuals. Since the salamanders were held （refrigerated） for 7 days before sampling, we cannot be certain if this effect is a stress reaction to the captivity or the normal level for this morph. However comparison with two sets of related salamanders that were captured and sampled immediately indicates the red-stripe salamanders were either not stressed from the captivity at all, or their white blood cell distributions had returned to normal after 7 days of captivity. Taken together, our results indicate that lead-phase forms of P. cinereus have higher stress levels than the red-stripe forms, which may be a consequence of their higher exposure to, and/or attacks from, predators. They may also indicate that the lead-phase form is less-suited to captivity than the red-stripe form of this species.

关键词： Red-backed salamander Plethodon cinereus Color polyrnorphism Hematological stress index Corticosterone

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MEASUREMENT OF PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN AN ENCLOSED WATER COLUMN

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1986年第4期5卷 584-592页

作者：吴晋平 ,F.A.whitney,C.S.WONG Institute of Ocean Sciences Sidney B.C. Canada Institute of Ocean Sciences Sidney B.C. Canada

A CEE (2.5 m by 16 m) has been used to study the budget of organic production by measuring the changes in POC/N, oxygen and 14CO, uptake through three-week period. 14C primary production measurements were conducted with 4-hours and 24-hours incubation periods, and with size fractionation. Different types and sizes of bottle effects were examined. Results showed that the oxygen method production was highest, followed by the 14CO2 uptake method, and POC gain showed the lowest. The value of PQ should be more than 1.7. The ratio of 4-hour incubation to 24-hour incubation was 2.42±0.22, indicating that net daily production is equal to 9.7±0.9 h of illuminated growth. Different types and sizes of bottles had little effect on primary production.

关键词： than MEASUREMENT OF PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN AN ENCLOSED WATER COLUMN POC

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Physical and chemical processes promoting dominance of the toxic cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2011年第4期29卷 883-891页

作者： Michele A. BURFORD Timothy W. davis Australian Rivers Institute Griffith University Nathan Qld. 4111 Australia

The freshwater cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii （Woloszyflska） Seenayya and Subba Raju is a common species in lakes and reservoirs globally. In some areas of the world it can produce cytoand hepatotoxins （cylindrospermopsins, saxitoxins）, making blooms of this species a serious health concern for humans. In the last 10 15 years, there has been a considerable body of research conducted on the ecology, physiology and toxin production of this species and this paper reviews these studies with a focus on the cylindrospermopsin （CYN）-producing strains. C. raciborskii has low light requirements, close to neutral buoyancy, and a wide temperature tolerance, giving it the capacity to grow in many lentic waterbodies. It also has a flexible strategy with respect to nitrogen （N） utilisation; being able to switch between utilising fixed and atmospheric N as sources of N fluctuate. Additionally this species has a high phosphate （DIP） affinity and storage capacity. Like many cyanobacteria, it also has the capacity to use dissolved organic phosphorus （DOP）. Changes in nutrient concentrations, light levels and temperature have also been found to affect production of the toxin CYN by this species. However, optimal toxin production does not necessarily occur when growth rates are optimal. Additionally, different strains of C. raciborskii vary in their cell quota of CYN, making it difficult to predict toxin concentrations, based on C. raciborskii cell densities. In summary, the ecological flexibility of this organism means that controlling blooms of C. raciborskii is a difficult undertaking. However, improved understanding of factors promoting the species and toxin production by genetically capable strains will lead to improved predictive models of blooms.

关键词： cyanobacteria freshwater algal toxins nutrients light temperature

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