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Evaluation of hydro-mechano-chemical behaviour of bentonite-sand mixtures

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第2期14卷 637-652页

作者： wenjing Sun Cheng Liu Diansen Yang Dean sun Department of Civil and Energy Engineering College of Environmental Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China Shanghai Construction Group Co. Ltd.Shanghai200080China Department of Civil Engineering School of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China

Bentonite-sand mixtures are widely used in engineering barrier of deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive nuclear waste and anti-seepage barrier of civil geotechnical engineering.Under the action of groundwater solution infiltration and external stress,the hydro-mechanical(HM)behaviour of bentonitesand mixtures,i.***.the swelling characteristics and permeability,will change.Once the anti-seepage and filtration effect is weakened or lost,the pollutants will spread to the biosphere.Therefore,it is necessary to study the swelling characteristics and permeability of bentonite-sand mixtures under coupled mechanochemical(MC)effect and to establish corresponding prediction model.For this reason,swelling tests under salt solution with different concentrations are conducted on pure bentonite and its mixtures with 30%,70%and 90%sand contents,the compression tests are carried out on saturated samples,and the saturated permeability coefficient k of the sample under each load is calculated by Terzaghi’s one-dimensional consolidation theory.The concepts of true effective stress pe,montmorillonite void ratio em and critical sand content as are introduced to determine the em-pe relationship and finally the k-em relationship of bentonite-sand mixtures.It is found that when the sand content aas,the em-pe relationship of the mixture is linear and independent of the salt solution concentration,and when a>as,the em-pe relationship of bentonite-sand mixture is bi-linear with the true effective deviatoric stress pesa as the intersection.In addition,the em-k relationship also shows the linear trend when aas,and the slope of the line increases with the increase of the salt solution concentration.When a>as,the k-em relationship will deviate from the linear relationship.Moreover,the larger the sand content is,the farther the deviation is.On the basis of summing the regularity,a model for predicting the HM behaviour of bentonite-sand mixture under the coupled MC effect is proposed.By comparing the swelling and permeability test r

关键词： Bentonite-sand mixture Hydro-mechano-chemical(HMC)behaviour Salt solution True effective stress

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Vertical Chlorophyll and Dimethylsulfide Profile Simulations in Southern Greenland Sea

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第6期21卷 1565-1574页

作者： QU Bo sun wenjing School of Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226007China YK Pao School Middle School CampusShanghai 200336China

Biogenetic sulfide dimethylsulfide(DMS)plays a major role on the global climate,especially in Arctic Ocean.Accurate simulate DMS concentration is an important task.Here we introduced both biogeochemical depth-averaged model G93 and its extension model-one dimensional DMS model.Both surface concentrations,vertical profiles of chlorophyll(CHL)and DMS are simulated using the two models within southern Greenland Sea(0°E–10°E,70°N–75°N)during year 2012.As the input data for the models simulations,the spatial monthly mean of methodology forcings including sea surface temperature(SST),wind speed(WIND),cloud cover(CLD),sea ice concentration(ICE)and mixed layer depth(MLD)are calculated.Satellite 8-day time series of chlorophyll-a(CHL)are used as observation data for CHL related parameter calibrations.Simó’s imperial formula is used as the monthly DMS observation data.The Genetic Algorithm technique is used for the parameter calibrations.The simulation results show that the most DMS related surface concentrations exhibit the normal distributions with peak during May.CHL,DMS and DMSP(dimethylsulphoniopropionate)vertical profiles are obtained for July,August and September in year 2012.CHL had the higher variation of subsurface concentration maximum(SCM)in July with the lower surface concentration value.DMS had surface higher and subsurface lower profile for the all three months.DMSP also had subsurface high in July.The SCM CHL diurnal variation in the subsurface also can be resulted from diurnal changes in MLD and vertical mixing variations,plus photolysis and wind-driven ventilations.

关键词： dimethylsulfide vertical profile chlorophyll biogeochemical modeling Greenland Sea

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Thermo-elasto-hydrodynamic analysis of a specific multi-layer gas foil thrust bearing under thermal-fluid–solid coupling

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第12期36卷 231-246页

作者： Qihong GAO wenjing Sun Jingzhou ZHANG College of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key Laboratory of Thermal Management and Energy Utilization of AircraftNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Gas foil bearing faces severe and complex thermal-fluid–solid coupling issues when in ultra-high speed and miniaturized impeller machineries.In this study,a Thermo-Elasto-Hydrodynamic(TEHD)analysis of a specific multi-layer gas foil thrust bearing on the continuous loading process within a steady rotational speed is numerically investigated by a three-dimensional thermal-fluid–solid coupling method.Results indicate that the multi-layer foil exhibits nonlinear overall stiffness,with the thrust bottom foil serving as the primary elastic deformation structure,while the thrust top foil maintains a well-defined aerodynamic shape during a loading process,which helps reduce frictional damage and achieve an adequate loading capacity.For low loads,the fluctuation of the gas film is extremely sensitive,and it weakens dramatically as the load increases.The viscous heating and friction torque exhibit a linear relationship with an increasing bearing load after a rapid growth.Depending on the exact stacking sequence and contact position of the multi-layer gas foil,the overlapping configuration allows for efficient transfer of viscous-shearing heat accumulated at the smallest air film through thermal conduction while providing elastic support.Due to the strong inhomogeneity of the viscous heat under varying loads,the temperature distribution on the top foil surface shows pronounced variations,while the difference between the peak and average temperatures of the thrust plate and top foil surfaces widens substantially with an increasing load.

关键词： Gas foil thrust bearing Thermo-elastohydrodynamic analysis Thermal-fluid–solid coupling simulation Adaptive deformation Structural stiffness

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Hydrochemistry and carbon isotope characteristics of Nujiang River water:Implications for CO_(2) budgets of rock weathering in the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第12期66卷 2953-2970页

作者： wenjing LIU Huiguo sun Yuanchuan LI Zhifang XU Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Tibetan Plateau is one of the most complicated geographical units worldwide in terms of its tectonic and environmental background.Although a hotspot for continental weathering and carbon cycling studies,accurate determination of the weathering carbon budget is challenging in this area,especially sink and source flux quantification and the controlling mechanisms.Compared with other major rivers on the plateau,the Nujiang River is characterized by less human disturbance and maintains a relatively pristine state.This study investigates the high spatiotemporal resolution hydrochemistry and dual-carbon isotope composition(δ~(13)C_(DIC)andΔ~(14)C_(DIC))of river water in the Nujiang River Basin.The results revealed that the solutes and dissolved inorganic carbon in the river water are predominantly derived from rock weathering by carbonic and sulfuric acids,mainly due to the carbonate weathering process,and significantly enhanced by deep carbon sourcing from hot springs in the fault zone.The average contributions of geological and modern carbon in the main stream of the Nujiang River are 35.2%and 64.8%,respectively,and sulfide oxidation contributes>90%of sulfate ions in the river water.After considering the involvement of sulfuric acid generated by sulfide oxidation during rock weathering,the calculated consumption fluxes of atmospheric CO_(2) by silicate and carbonate weathering in the watershed were decreased by approximately 52.0%and 37.4%,respectively,compared with those calculated ignoring this process.Rock weathering of the Nujiang River Basin is a“CO_(2) sink”on a short time scale,while the participation of sulfuric acid makes it a“CO_(2) source”on a geological time scale.The high-frequency observations of ion concentrations,elemental ratios,and calculated contributions of different rock weathering materials indicate that carbonate rock weathering is more sensitive to temperature and runoff variations than silicate rock weathering,with the solute contribution from carbonate weathering increasing significantly

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Nujiang River Basin CO_(2)budgets of rock weathering Hydrochemistry and carbon isotope composition High spatiotemporal resolution

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Use of catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) for pretreatment of high-salinity high-organic wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第10期34卷 105-114页

作者： wenjing Sun Hongxia Lv Lei Ma Xiangdong Tan Chengyu Jin Huiling Wu Lili Chen Mengyang Liu Huangzhao Wei Chenglin sun Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Beijing Key Laboratory of Fuels Cleaning and Advanced Catalytic Emission Reduction Technology College of Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing 102617China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Catalytic wet air oxidation(CWAO)coupled desalination technology provides a possibility for the effective and economic degradation of high salinity and high organic wastewater.Chloride widely occurs in natural and wastewaters,and its high content jeopardizes the efficacy of Advanced oxidation process(AOPs).Thus,a novel chlorine ion resistant catalyst Bsite Ru doped LaFe_(1-x)Ru_(x)O_(3-)δin CWAO treatment of chlorine ion wastewater was examined.Especially,LaFe_(0.85)Ru_(0.15)O_(3-δ)was 45.5% better than that of the 6%RuO_(2)@TiO_(2)(commercial carrier)on total organic carbon(TOC)removal.Also,doped catalysts LaFe_(1-x)Ru_(x)O_(3-)δshowed better activity than supported catalysts RuO_(2)@LaFeO_(3) and RuO_(2)@TiO_(2) with the same Ru content.Moreover,LaFe_(0.85)Ru_(0.15)O_(3-)δhas novel chlorine ion resistance no matter the concentration of Cl^(−) and no Ru dissolves after the reaction.X-ray diffraction(XRD)refinement,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),transmission electron microscope(TEM),and X-ray absorption fine structure(XAFS)measurements verified the structure of LaFe_(0.85)Ru_(0.15)O_(3-)δ.Kinetic data and density functional theory(DFT)proved that Fe is the site of acetic acid oxidation and adsorption of chloride ions.The existence of Fe in LaFe_(0.85)Ru_(0.15)O_(3-)δcould adsorb chlorine ion(catalytic activity inhibitor),which can protect the Ru site and other active oxygen species to exert catalytic activity.This work is essential for the development of chloride-resistant catalyst in CWAO.

关键词： Catalytic wet air oxidation Heterogeneous catalysis LaFe_(1-x)Ru_(x)O_(3-)δ Chlorine wastewater Salt resistance mechanism

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Novel targeted drugs approved by the NMPA and FDA in 2019

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 1878-1881页

作者： wenjing Wang Qiu sun State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy610041 ChengduChina

In 2019,the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research(CDER)approved 48 novel drugs[https://www.***.gov/drugs/new-drugsfda-cders-new-molecular-entities-and-new-therapeutic-biologicalproducts/novel-drug-approvals-2019],1 which was fewer than the all-time record of 62 NTD approvals in 2018,2 but it was still a fruitful year.Among these approved drugs,39 were targeted drugs(Table 1),including 27 small molecules,3 antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs),1 RNA interference(RNAi)therapy,1 antisense oligonucleotide,4 monoclonal antibodies(mAbs),1 recombinant fusion protein,and 2 synthetic peptide analogs.The targets included kinases,ion channels,exons,enzymes,and receptors.Oncology,which remains the most important drug discovery area,accounted for 23%(9/39)of the targeted drug approvals.

关键词： drugs targeted approval

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Swelling characteristics of Gaomiaozi bentonite and its prediction

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2014年第2期6卷 113-118页

作者： De'an sun wenjing Sun Lei Fang Department of Civil Engineering Shanghai University

Gaomiaozi （GMZ） bentonite has been chosen as a possible matrix material of buffers/backfills in the deep geological disposal to isolate the high-level radioactive waste （HLRW） in China. In the Gaomiaozi deposit area, calcium bentonite in the near surface zone and sodium bentonite in the deeper zone are observed. The swelling characteristics of GMZ sodium and calcium bentonites and their mixtures with sand wetted with distilled water were studied in the present work. The test results show that the relationship be- tween the void ratio and swelling pressure of compacted GMZ bentonite-sand mixtures at full saturation is independent of the initial conditions such as the initial dry density and water content, hut dependent on the ratio of bentonite to sand. An empirical method was accordingly proposed allowing the prediction of the swelling deformation and swelling pressure with different initial densities and bentonite-sand ratios when in saturated conditions. Finally, the swelling capacities of GMZ Na- and Ca-bentonites and Kunigel Na-bentonite are compared.

关键词： Gaomiaozi （GMZ） bentonite Montmorillonite Swelling characteristics Prediction Calcium bentonite

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Diffusion mechanism of immiscible Fe-Mg system induced by high-density defects at the steel/Mg composite interface

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第13期144卷 150-160页

作者： Yanlan sun Xuefeng Liu wenjing Wang Yaohua Yang Weiliang Zhang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing of Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Due to positive mixing heat between Fe and Mg,it is difficult to diffuse for Fe-Mg at the interface of steel/Mg laminated composites,resulting in the inability to achieve high-strength metallurgical bonding.In this paper,20#steel/Mg laminated composites were prepared by large deformation rolling and subse-quent diffusion heat treatment process.The interfacial bonding strength was improved by constructing high-density crystal defects at the interface to promote element diffusion.The mechanisms of interface morphology evolution and element diffusion were analyzed by finite element simulation and theoretical calculation.The results show after diffusion heat treatment,the bond strength of the large deformation rolled interface was increased from 14 to 30 MPa.Fe-Mg transition layer with about 80 nm thickness as well as high-density vacancies,dislocations and grain boundaries were formed in the large deforma-tion rolled interface region.During diffusion heat treatment,Mg elements diffused into grain interior and grain boundary regions of 20#steel under the effect of heat-force coupling,and the thickness of Fe-Mg transition layer increased to 150 nm,forming an Fe-based supersaturated solid solution.The in-terface with high-density defects constituted a non-equilibrium interface.The 20#steel internal energy in the non-equilibrium interface is able to overcome positive mixing heat of immiscible Fe-Mg system and provide the driving force for Mg elements diffusion.Promoting elemental diffusion by constructing high-density defects can be a new concept to achieve metallurgical bonding at the interface of immiscible metal laminated composites.

关键词： Steel/Mg composite interface Immiscible Fe-Mg system Non-equilibrium interface Diffusion mechanism

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Temperature Responses to External Heat Fluxes of the Power Distribution System on Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第3期31卷 802-815页

作者： YANG Fei DU wenjing MEDVEDEVA Tatiana CHENG Lin sun Qie Institute of Thermal Science and Technology Shandong UniversityJi’nan250061China School of Energy and Power Engineering Shandong UniversityJi’nan250061China Laboratory for Nuclear Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology Ji’nan250100China

High-temperature warnings frequently occurred at the Power Distribution System(PDS)of the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer(AMS).To investigate the fundamental reasons,a theoretical model for the AMS PDS was established under the International Space Station(ISS)normal and special operating conditions.With the model,the study investigated the external heat fluxes and the temperature responses of the PDS.The effects of ISS special operations on the PDS’s thermal environment were also investigated.Results reveal that the total external heat flux at the PDS reaches its maximum value when the angleβis around–25°,where high-temperature warning frequently occurs.Under the ISS normal operating condition,the temperature response hysteresis at the PDS varies from 116 s to 230 s.When the ISS performed special operations,locking the ISS solar arrays had the greatest influence on the PDS’s external heat fluxes,and the average temperature at the PDS fell by 1.7°C.When the ISS performed multiple special operations,simultaneously locking the ISS solar arrays and adjusting the ISS flight attitude were the most frequent operations,of which the influences on the PDS temperature were the largest,i.e.,the changes in peak temperature reached up to+2.5°C.

关键词： external heat fluxes temperature responses alpha magnetic spectrometer international space station spatial thermal environment

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Allosteric conformational changes of G proteins upon its interaction with membrane and GPCR

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第2期33卷 747-750页

作者： Longmei Li Jin Zhang wenjing Sun Weimin Gong Changlin Tian Pan Shi Chaowei Shi Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale and School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Department of Chemical Physics at School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

Current resolved structures of GPCRs and G protein complexes provided important insights into G protein activation. However, the binding or dissociation of GPCRs with G protein is instantaneous and highly dynamic in the intracellular environment. The conformational dynamic of G protein still needs to be addressed. In this study, we applied ^(19)F solution NMR spectroscopy to monitor the conformational changes of G protein upon interact with detergent mimicking membrane and receptor. Our results show that there are two states equilibria in the G_(α)in apo states. The interaction of G_(α)with detergents will accelerate this conformational transformation and induce a state that tends to bind to GPCRs. Finally, the G_(α)proteins presented a fully activation state when they coupled to GPCRs.

关键词： 19F solution NMR G protein-coupled receptors Conformational dynamics G protein

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