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Differences between two wheat genotypes in the development of floret primordia and contents of pigments and hormones

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1196-1207页

作者： Liangyun wen Yaqun Liu Bingjin Zhou wan Sun Xuechen Xiao Zhimin wang Zhencai Sun Zhen Zhang Yinghua Zhang College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas Cangzhou 061800HebeiChina

Promoting more floret primordia within a spike to acquire fertile potential during the differentiation and pre-dimorphism phases is critical for increasing the number of fertile florets per spike(NFFs).However,it is yet unknown the physiological mechanism regulating the complex and dynamic *** study aimed to clarify how intra-spike hormones,pigments,and assimilates coordinate with each other to regulate spike morphology and then floret primordia development.A two-year field experiment was conducted with two winter wheat genotypes:N50(big-spike with greater NFFs)and SM22(mediumspike with fewer NFFs).We monitored high temporal and spatial-resolution changes in the number and morphology of floret primordia within a spike,as well as in intra-spike hormones,pigments,and *** results revealed that the big-spike genotype had more NFFs than the medium-spike genotype,not only because they had more spikelets,but also because they had greater NFFs mainly at central *** floret primordia at central spikelets had sufficient time to develop and acquire fertile potential during the differentiation phase(167-176 d after sowing,DAS)and the pre-dimorphism phase(179 DAS)for the big-spike genotype than the medium-spike *** primordia with fertile morphology during the pre-dimorphism phase always developed into fertile florets during the dimorphism *** early-developed floret primordia most proximal and intermediate to the rachis in the big-spike genotype developed faster than the medium-spike ***,the spike dry matter and pigments(chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,carotene,and carotenoids)content during 170-182 DAS,auxin(IAA)and cytokinin(CTK)content on 167 DAS were significantly higher in the big-spike genotype than in the medium-spike genotype,while jasmonic acid(JA)content was significantly lower in the big-spike genotype compared to the medium-spike genotype during 167-182 *** the significant differences in intra-s

关键词： Fertile florets Floret primordia development Intra-spike hormones Jasmonic acid Photosynthetic pigments

考虑换热能力和压降的永磁同步电机冷却流道设计

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华南理工大学学报（自然科学版） 2017年第7期45卷 25-32,40页

作者：万珍平温万昱吴柏禧付永清华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院广东广州510640 华南理工大学设计学院广东广州510006

现有的对电动汽车驱动电机水冷系统的研究主要集中在水冷系统的换热能力方面,对压力损失考虑不够.针对这一问题,文中首先以常用的驱动电机——永磁同步电机为对象,通过理论计算分析了流道结构参数对换热能力和压力损失的影响,发现流道... 详细信息

现有的对电动汽车驱动电机水冷系统的研究主要集中在水冷系统的换热能力方面,对压力损失考虑不够.针对这一问题,文中首先以常用的驱动电机——永磁同步电机为对象,通过理论计算分析了流道结构参数对换热能力和压力损失的影响,发现流道螺旋圈数对换热和压力损失均有较大影响,而流道截面尺寸的变化对换热能力几乎没有影响,对压力损失影响较大,发现流道螺旋圈数对换热和压力损失均有较大影响,而流道截面尺寸的变化对换热能力几乎没有影响,对压力损失影响较大,提出了考虑换热能力和压力损失的流道设计方法,为高功率密度永磁同步电机水冷系统的设计提供了参考.

关键词：电动汽车永磁同步电机流道设计换热能力压力损失

Interaction between ozone and paternal smoking on fetal congenital heart defects among pregnant women at high risk a multicenter maternal-fetal medicine study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 621-632页

作者： Huan wang Yan-ping Ruan Sheng Ma Ya-Qi wang Xiao-Yu wan Yi-Hua He Jing Li Zhi-Yong Zou Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public HealthNational Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive HealthPeking UniversityNo.38 Xueyuan RdHaidian DistrictBeijing 100191China Echocardiography Medical Center Beijing Anzhen Hospital.Capital Medical UniversityMaternal-Fetal Medicine center in Fetal Heart DiseaseBeijing Anzhen HospitalNo.2 Anzhen RdChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100029China

Background Evidence remains limited on the association between maternal ozone(O,)exposure and congenital heart defects(CHDs)in offspring,and few studies have investigated the interaction and modification of paternal smoking on this *** Using a sample including pregnant women at high risk of fetal CHD(with metabolic disease,first-trimester viral infection,family history of CHD,etc.)from a maternal-fetal medicine study covering 1313 referral hospitals in China during 2013-2021,we examined the associations between maternal O_(3)exposure during 3-8 weeks of gestational age and fetal CHD in offspring and investigated the interaction and modification of paternal smoking on this *** was diagnosed by fetal echocardiograms,maximum daily 8-hour average O,exposure data at a 10 km×10 km spatial resolution came from the Tracking Air Pollution in China dataset,and paternal smoking was collected using *** regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Results Among 27,834 pregnant women at high risk of fetal CHD,17.4%of fetuses were diagnosed with *** 10μg/m^(3)increase in maternal O_(3)exposure was associated with a 17%increased risk of CHD in offspring(OR=1.17,95%CI=1.14-1.20).Compared with paternal nonsmoking and maternal low O_(3)exposure,the ORs(95%CI)of CHD for smoking and low O_(3)exposure,nonsmoking and high O_(3)exposure,and smoking and high O_(3)exposure were 1.25(1.08-1.45),1.81(1.56-2.08),and 2.23(1.84-2.71),*** smoking cessation seemingly mitigated the increased risk of *** Maternal O_(3)exposure and paternal smoking were interactively associated with an increased risk of fetal CHD in offspring,which calls for effective measures to decrease maternal exposure to O_(3)pollution and secondhand smoke for CHDprevention.

关键词： Congenital heart defects Fetal heart development Ozone exposure Tobacco smoking

Effectiveness of fecal DNA syndecan-2 methylation testing for detection of colorectal cancer in a high-risk Chinese population

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1361-1373页

作者： wen-Feng Luo Yu-Ting Jiao Xiao-Ling Lin Ying Zhao Sheng-Bo wang Jian Shen Jie Deng Yu-Feng Ye Ze-ping Han Fang-Mei Xie Jin-Hua He Yu wan Central Laboratory of Panyu Central Hospital Guangzhou Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhou 511400Guangdong ProvinceChina South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Translational Medical Research Guangzhou Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhou 511400Guangdong ProvinceChina Digestive Disease Center Guangzhou Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhou 511400Guangdong ProvinceChina Shunde Vocational and Technical College Foshan 528300Guangdong ProvinceChina Medical Imaging Institute of Panyu Guangzhou Panyu Central HospitalGuangzhou 511400Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is among the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies ***-2 methylation(mSDC2)testing has emerged as a widely used biomarker for early detection of CRC in stool and serum ***(CRC)is among the most prevalent and life-threatening malignancies ***2 testing has emerged as a widely used biomarker for early detection of CRC in stool and serum *** To validate the effectiveness of fecal DNA mSDC2 testing in the detection of CRC among a high-risk Chinese population to provide evidence-based data for the development of diagnostic and/or screening guidelines for CRC in *** A high-risk Chinese cohort consisting of 1130 individuals aged 40-79 years was selected for evaluation via fecal mSDC2 *** and specificity for CRC,advanced adenoma(AA)and advanced colorectal neoplasia(ACN)were ***-risk factors for the incidence of colorectal lesions were determined and a logistic regression model was constructed to reflect the efficacy of the *** A total of 1035 high-risk individuals were included in this study according to established *** them,16 suffered from CRC(1.55%),65 from AA(6.28%)and 189 from non-AAs(18.26%);150 patients were diagnosed with polyps(14.49%).Diagnoses were established based upon colonoscopic and pathological *** of the mSDC2 test for CRC and AA were 87.50%and 40.00%,respectively;specificities were 95.61%for other *** predictive values of the mSDC2 test for CRC,AA and ACN were 16.09%,29.89%and 45.98%,respectively;the negative predictive value for CRC was 99.79%.After adjusting for other high-risk covariates,mSDC2 test positivity was found to be a significant risk factor for the occurrence of ACN(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Our findings confirmed that offering fecal mSDC2 testing and colonoscopy in combination for CRC screening is effective for earlier detection of malignant colorectal lesions in a high

关键词： Colorectal cancer Syndecan-2 DNA methylation Chinese population

Thiazoloisoindigo-based Polymer Semiconductors: Synthesis,Structure-Property Relationship, Charge Carrier Polarity, and Field-Effect Transistor Performance

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 24-31,I0006页

作者： Bo-wen Li Miao Xiong Mei-Hua Liu Zhi-Gao Li Long Sang Zi-Han Xiong Biao Xiao Jian Pei Xiao-Bo wan Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices Ministry of EducationSchoolofOptoelectronic Materials&TechnologyJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China Bejing National Laboratoryfor Molecular Sciences the Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Developing new polymeric semiconductors with excellent device performance is essential for organic electronics. Herein, we synthesized two new thiazoloisoindigo(Tz II)-based polymers, namely, P(Tz II-d Th-d Th) and P(Tz II-d Th-d Tz), by copolymerizing thiophene-flanked Tz II with bithiophene and bithiazole, respectively. Owing to the more electron-deficient nature of bithiazole than bithiophene, P(Tz II-d Th-d Tz)possesses deeper LUMO/HOMO levels of-3.45/-5.47 e V than P(Tz II-d Th-d Th)(-3.34/-5.32 e V). The organic field-effect transistor(OFET) devices based on P(Tz II-d Th-d Th) exhibited p-type behaviors with an average hole mobility value as high as 1.43 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1), while P(Tz II-d Th-d Tz)showed typical ambipolar characteristics with average hole and electron mobilities of 0.38 and 0.56 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1). In addition, we compared the performances of both polymers with other Tz II-based polymers reported in our previous work, and showed that the charge carrier polarity can be manipulated by adjusting the number of the thiophene units between the acceptor unit. As the increase of the number of thiophene rings,charge carrier polarity shifts from electron-dominated ambipolar transport to hole-dominated ambipolar transport and then to unipolar hole transport in OFETs, which provides an effective molecular design strategy for further optimization of polymer OFET performance.

关键词： Field-effect transistor Charge carrier polarity Thiazoloisoindigo

SsdchA is a novel secretory cellobiohydrolase driving pathogenicity in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 493-502页

作者： Yangui Chen Yijuan Ding Siqi Zhao Nan Yang Zhaohui Wu ping Zhang Hongmei Liao Mengquan Dong Yang Yu Huafang wan Wei Qian Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(Chongqing)Science City College of Agronomy and BiotechnologySouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Academy of Agricultural Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture Ministry of EducationChongqing 400715China College of Plant Protection Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

The necrotrophic fungus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, employs an array of cell wall-degrading enzymes(CWDEs), including cellulase, to dismantle host cell walls. However, the molecular mechanisms through which S. sclerotiorum degrades cellulose remain elusive. Here, we unveil a novel secretory cellobiohydrolase, SsdchA, characterized by a signal peptide and a Glyco_hydro_7(GH7) domain. SsdchA exhibits a robust expression of during early infection stages. Interestingly, colony morphology and growth rates remain unaffected across the wild-type, SsdchA deletion strains and SsdchA overexpression strains on potato dextrose agar(PDA) medium. Nevertheless, the pathogenicity and cellobiohydrolase activity decreased in the SsdchA deletion strains, but enhanced in the SsdchA overexpression strains. Moreover,the heterologous expression of SsdchA in Arabidopsis thaliana leads to reduced cellulose content and heightened susceptibility to S. sclerotiorum. Collectively, our data underscore the pivotal role of the novel cellobiohydrolase SsdchA in the pathogenicity of S. sclerotiorum.

关键词： Cellobiohydrolase Cellulose Pathogenicity Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Secretory protein SsdchA

Light People:*** May Lau,newly elected US NAE member in Hong Kong,talks about future of photonics and women in science

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 602-608页

作者： Yating wan Chenzi Guo Electrical and Computer Engineering the ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology23955-6900 ThuwalSaudi Arabia Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina

Editorial Photonics technology remains a driving force in today’s scientific landscape,marked by continuous innovation and crossdisciplinary *** an enlighting conversation with Light:Science&Applications,*** May Lau,a pioneer in photonics research,shares her deep insights on the evolution of technologies of LEDs,lasers,challenges of hetero-epitaxy,and the future of micro-LEDs and quantum dot *** honored as a member of the US National Academy of Engineering(NAE)for her significant contributions to photonics and electronics using III-V semiconductors on silicon,*** stands out as the sole Hong Kong scholar inducted into the NAE this year,joining 114 new and 21 international *** this exclusive Light People interview,*** shares her journey as a pioneering woman in engineering,her commitment to mentorship and academia,and her perspective on advancing female representation in *** summary provided is distilled from ***’s thoughtful responses during the *** a deeper exploration of ***’s experiences and advice,the full interview is available in the Supplementary material.

关键词： interview lighting driving

Add-on perceptual learning on refractive amblyopia in children

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第10期17卷 1850-1856页

作者： Heng-Chiao Huang wan-Hua Cho Po-Chiung Fang Pei-wen Lin Yi-Hao Chen Hsiu-Mei Huang Department of Ophthalmology Chang Gung Memorial HospitalChiayi 613TaiwanChina Department of Ophthalmology Chi-Mei Medical CenterTainan 710TaiwanChina Department of Ophthalmology Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiung City 833TaiwanChina School of Medicine Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuan City 333TaiwanChina

AIM:To evaluate the visual outcomes of standard amblyopic treatment add-on training via perceptual learning in refractive amblyopic children and to identify the risk factors for treatment ***:Retrospective charts were reviewed in children with refractive amblyopia who received standard treatment and add-on Cambridge Visual Stimulator(CAM)*** add-on CAM group that was enrolled had worn full-corrected glasses for at least 2mo before training.A control group received only the standard *** success was defined as best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)≥20/*** age,sex,initial BCVA,refractive errors,sessions and duration of training,and final BCVA were ***:A total of 209 children(129 children in add-on CAM group and 80 children in control group)were ***-six percent of unilateral and 87%of bilateral amblyopic children achieved treatment *** children with unilateral or bilateral moderate amblyopia,the duration to reach BCVA≥20/25 was significantly shorter in add-on CAM group than in control *** initial BCVA(P<0.001)and high astigmatism(P=0.007)were risk factors for treatment failure after add-on CAM ***,sex,and types of refractive error were not associated with treatment ***:Add-on CAM training is an effective strategy for visual improvement and can shorten the treatment course when the effect of standard treatment is limited in amblyopic children.

关键词： amblyopia amblyopic children add-on Cambridge Visual Stimulator training astigmatism

Harnessing data using symbolic regression methods for discovering novel paradigms in physics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 1-11页

作者： Jianyang Guo wan-Jian Yin College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations(SIEMIS)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute Shanghai 200232China Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

In recent years,machine-learning methods have profoundly impacted research in the interdisciplinary fields of ***,most machine-learning models lack interpretability,and physicists doubt the credibility of their conclusions because they cannot be combined with prior physical ***,this review focuses on symbolic regression,which is an interpretable machine-learning ***,the relevant concepts of machine learning are introduced in conjunction with ***,we provide an overview of symbolic regression ***,the recent directions for the application of symbolic regression methods in different subfields of physics are outlined,and an overview of the ways in which the applications of symbolic regression have evolved in the realm of physics is *** major aim of this review is to introduce the basic principles of symbolic regression and explain its applications in the field of physics.

关键词： machine learning genetic programming symbolic regression