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Impact of Life Skills Training to Improve Cognition on Risk of Sexual Behavior and Contraceptive Use among Vocational School Students in Shanghai,China

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2008年第4期19卷 239-251页

作者： Chao-hua LOU xiao-jin WANG xiao-wen tu Er-sheng GAO Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research National Population and Family Planning Key Laboratory of Contraceptive Drugs & Devices Shanghai 200032 China

Objective To evaluate the impact of life skills training that uses participatory teaching method on improving reproductive health cognition of vocational school students of metropolitan, China.Methods Three vocational schools of an urban district in Shanghai were selected as the research sites, with two schools as the intervention groups（group A and group B） and the other as the control（group C）. Group A was provided life skills training with core of reproductive health plus peer education, while group B only provided life skills training. All the second grade students were recruited as the subjects. Baseline surveys were conducted in three schools before the implementation of the intervention, and similar surveys were conducted after two terms of the intervention to test the effectiveness of the intervention. In total, 1 612 subjects, including 810 males and 802 females, were recruited. The effects of the intervention on subjects＇ cognitions on sexual behavior and condom/contraceptive use were analyzed using mixed model with repeated measures.Results From pretest to posttest, there were significant increase of the proportions of perceiving risks in getting pregnant, infecting STDs and HIV, benefits by learning and using condom, and self-efficacy in contraceptive use, and decrease of the proportions of perceiving barriers for condom use in two intervention groups; while few similar changes in the control group. In mixed modeling analysis, interaction effects of group A × time and group B × time were found on the scores of perceived risks （P〈0.000 1）, perceived benefits （P〈0.000 1）, perceived barriers （P=0.001 2for group A and P=0.003 4 for group B）,and perceived self-efficacy （P〈0.000 1）. The significant difference of the effects between two interventions was only observed on perceived benefits （P 〈0.000 1）.Conclusion Life skills training using participatory approaches is effective in improving students＇ reproductive health cognition and could be used as an im

关键词： life skill training participatory method reproductive health cognition vocational school students China

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上海市女性性工作者安全套使用情况及其影响因素分析

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生殖与避孕 2010年第10期30卷 696-700,709页

作者：涂晓雯上海市计划生育科学研究所上海200032

目的:了解女性性工作者(female sex workers,FSWs)与不同性伴侣间安全套使用状况及其影响因素。方法:采用同伴推举抽样方法对上海市521名FSWs进行了匿名面对面问卷调查。结果:FSWs最近1个月与固定性伴侣、常客和一次客每次性行为都使用... 详细信息

目的:了解女性性工作者(female sex workers,FSWs)与不同性伴侣间安全套使用状况及其影响因素。方法:采用同伴推举抽样方法对上海市521名FSWs进行了匿名面对面问卷调查。结果:FSWs最近1个月与固定性伴侣、常客和一次客每次性行为都使用安全套的比例分别为24.0%、54.3%和72.6%;与上述对象最后1次性行为使用安全套的比例分别为33.3%、73.9%和87.3%。FSWs与固定性伴侣不使用安全套的主要原因是"从未想过要用"(28.3%)和"已上环"(28.3%);与常客不使用安全套的主要原因是"对方反对"(26.4%)和"没有安全套"(21.6%);与一次客不使用安全套的主要原因是"对方反对"(62.3%)。安全套使用的影响因素分析显示,来自农村、使用新型毒品、使用了除安全套以外的其他避孕措施、从事性工作年限较长、性伴数较多的FSWs与客人坚持使用安全套的可能性较小;桑拿场所的FSWs与客人坚持使用安全套的可能性显著高于其他场所类型的对象;来自于农村、使用了除安全套以外其他避孕措施的对象与固定性伴侣坚持使用安全套的可能性也较小。结论:女性性工作者坚持使用安全套的比例较低,特别是与固定性伴侣。应在娱乐场所及FSWs中大力倡导100%安全套使用;提高男性顾客对STDs/AIDS的危害及安全套能有效预防STDs/AIDS的认识,使商业性行为中安全套的使用率得以根本性地提高。

关键词：女性性工作者(FSWs) 安全套影响因素

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Association of Sexual Intercourse with Psychological Suppression and Copying Modes for Vocational School Students

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2009年第2期20卷 101-112页

作者： Li WANG xiao-jin WANG xiao-wen tu Chao-hua LOU Er-shengGAO School of Public Health Fudan university Shanghai 200032 China Department of Epidemiology and Social Science Research on Reproductive Health Shanghai Institute ofPlanned Parenthood Research Shanghai 200032 China Department of Biostatistics Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China

Objective To evaluate the association of sex behavior with sexual related psychological suppression and coping modes among students in three vocational schools in Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1 368 grade one students from three vocational schools in a district of Shanghai, with Computer Assisted Self- Interview （CASI）. The field work began in the April 2003 for a baseline survey, and completed in the December, 2003. Data on students＇ sexual intercourse, sexual related psychological suppression and psychological coping modes, and communication with parents were collected and analyzed. Binary logistic regression was used to adjust the potential confounding factors. Results After controlling for demographic factors, adolescents with middle or high scores of active psychological coping strategies on sexual related events were less likely to have sexual intercourse （ORadj=0.48, 95%CI=0.30-0. 77 and ORadj=0.49, 95%CI=0.30-0.83, respectively）, while association between psychological suppression on sex related events and sexual intercourse was not statistically significant （ORadj= 0.93, 95%CI=0.63-1.37）; sexual related psychological suppression and active coping modes were positively associated with adolescents＇ communicating with parents for 2-7 h/week about school things, but negatively associated with parents＇ open attitudes towards heterosexual contacts and talking sex related things with others. Conclusion Vocational school students with active psychological coping strategies on sexual related events were less likely to engage in sexual intercourse, so interventions focus on reducing unprotected sexual behaviors should target on psychological coping modes skills training.

关键词： psychological suppression psychological coping modes sexual intercourse

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Evaluation of Family Sex Education on Middle School Students in Shanghai

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2006年第4期17卷 260-269页

作者： Xia-yun ZUO xiao-wen tu Chao-hua LOU Er-sheng GAO Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research Shanghai 200032 China

Objective To evaluate the impact of family-school combined sex education among middle school students. Methods This is a school-based intervention study. Four junior middle schools and two senior middle schools in Xuhui District, Shanghai, were selected as study sites involving parents, two junior middle schools and one senior middle school as the intervention group and others as control group. The intervention group was provided with both school and family education which contained giving lectures, distributing leaflets, organizing group discussions and parent-adolescent communicating activities to parents. Data were collected through anonymous and self-administered questionnaires before and after one-year intervention to evaluate the effect of the intervention. Results The average score of parents in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group after intervention. Particularly, the mean score of AIDS knowledge in the intervention group was increased by 10.5, which was more than that of control group （5.3）. The intervention increased the parents＇ intention to family sex education. The percentage of parents in the intervention group approving ＂sex education should be provided by parents＂ had increased, much higher than that in the control group. Intervention also promoted parent-adolescent communication about sex. The percentage of parents reporting ＂they actively talked with their children about sex or their teens asked them questions related to sex＂ had increased, much higher than that in the control group. Conclusion Family-school combined sex education significantly increased sexual knowledge and sex education intention of parents, promoted the parent-adolescent communication about sex as well.

关键词： family sex education middle school students parent intervention

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Survey on Attitude of Middle School Educators for Sex and Reproductive Health Education

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2006年第4期17卷 270-274页

作者： Qi-guo LIAN Chao-hua LOU xiao-wen tu Er-sheng GAO Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research Shanghai 200032 China Fudan School of Public Health Shanghai 200032 China

Objective To get a general picture of the attitudes of middle school educators on sex and reproductive health education. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 144 middle school educators in three districts of Shanghai from September to October 2005 using anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Results The majority of the educators thought that it was necessary to launch the sex and reproductive health education in all of the middle schools in Shanghai （97. 02%）. They were aware that the age of the students＇puberty were earlier now than before （94.41%）, but the reproductive health knowledge of students was neither sufficient nor correct （78.34%）. The sex and reproductive health education had been involved in the curriculum of many middle schools （66.11%）. Lacking of qualified education staffs contributed most （90. 71%） in the schools which had not launched the sex and reproductive health education. Lacking of qualified education staffs （90.91%） challenged most in the schools which had carried the education. Conclusion The middle school educators thought it was necessary to carry the sex and reproductive health education in all of the middle schools in Shanghai while the major challenges were lacking of qualified education staffs and sufficient teaching time.

关键词： educator middle school reproductive health sex education

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Rapid assessment of knowledge,attitudes,practices,and risk perception related to the prevention and control of Ebola virus disease in three communities of Sierra Leone

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 447-452页

作者： Hai Jiang Guo-Qing Shi wen-xiao tu Can-Jun Zheng Xue-Hui Lai Xin-Xu Li Qiang Wei Mei Li Li-Quan Deng Xiang Huo Ming-Quan Chen Feng Xu Long-Jie Ye Xi-Chen Bai Tong-Nian Chen Shao-Hua Yin Thomas T.Samba xiao-Feng Liang State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206China ITERP Beijing 102206China District Health Management Team Western AreaMinistry of Health and SanitationFreetownSierra Leone

Background:The recent outbreak of the Ebola virus disease(EVD)in Sierra Leone has been characterized by the World Health Organization as one of the most challenging EVD outbreaks to *** first confirmed case in Sierra Leone was a young woman who was admitted to a government hospital in Kenema following a miscarriage on 24 May *** 5 January 2015,intensified training for an EVD response project was initiated at the medical university of Sierra Leone in *** understand the knowledge,attitudes,practices,and perceived risk of EVD among the public,especially after this training,a rapid assessment was conducted from 10 to 16 March ***:Interviews were conducted with 466 participants based on questionnaires that were distributed from 10 to 16 March 2015 by cluster sampling in three adjacent communities,namely Jui,Grafton,and Kossoh Town,in the Western Area Rural District of Sierra ***:It was found that knowledge about EVD was comprehensive and *** attitude towards prevention was found to be *** all participants knew the reporting phone number 117 and had reported some change in behavior since learning about *** than half(62%)of the participants had a history of travelling to urban areas,which increases the risk of *** multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that community and occupation were variables associated with perceived risk of ***:Our study showed that community level social mobilization and community engagement were an effective strategy in the special context.

关键词： Knowledge Attitude Practice Risk perception ITERP Ebola Sierra Leone

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A practical community-based response strategy to interrupt Ebola transmission in sierra Leone, 2014–2015

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 670-679页

作者： Zhong-Jie Li wen-xiao tu xiao-Chun Wang Guo-Qing Shi Zun-Dong Yin Hai-Jun Su Tao Shen Da-Peng Zhang Jian-Dong Li Shan Lv Chun-Li Cao Rui-Qian Xie Hong-Zhou Lu Rong-Meng Jiang Zheng Cao Zhi-Jie An Lei-Lei Li Jie Xu Yan-wen Xiong Wei Zang Wei Zhang Hong-Wei Zhang wen-Sen Chen Hua Ling wen Xu Jian Cai Huan-Jin Luo Xue-Sheng Xing Can-Jun Zheng Qiang Wei Xin-Xu Li Mei Li Hai Jiang Li-Quan Deng Ming-Quan Chen Xiang Huo Feng Xu Xue-Hui Lai Xi-Chen Bai Long-Jie Ye Jian-Yi Yao wen-Wu Yin Jiao-Jin Sun Lin xiao Fu-Qiang Liu xiao-Qiang Liu Hong-Wei Fan Zeng-Qiang Kou Ji-Kun Zhou Hao Zhang Da-Xin Ni Thomas TSamba Qun Li Hong-Jie Yu Yu Wang xiao-Feng Liang Division of Infectious Disease Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious DiseaseChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Public Health Emergency Center Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijingChina National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National Institute of Parasitic Disease Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionShanghaiChina Chinese Center for Health Education BeijingChina Department of Infectious Diseases Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterShanghaiChina Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Health News BeijingChina National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Department of Training Chinese Center for Health EducationBeijingChina Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Infection Management The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention ChongqingChina Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention KunmingChina Division of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhouChina Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention GuangzhouChina Division of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionW

Background:The Ebola virus disease spread rapidly in West Africa in 2014,leading to the loss of thousands of *** engagement was one of the key strategies to interrupt Ebola transmission,and practical community level measures needed to be explored in the field and tailored to the specific context of ***:First,community-level education on Ebola virus disease(EVD)prevention was launched for the community’s social mobilizers in six districts in Sierra Leone beginning in November ***,from January to May of 2015,in three pilot communities,local trained community members were organized to engage in implementation of EVD prevention and transmission interruption measures,by involving them in alert case report,contact tracing,and social *** epidemiological indicators of transmission interruption in three study communities were ***:A total of 6016 community social mobilizers from 185 wards were trained by holding 279 workshops in the six districts,and EVD message reached an estimated 631680 *** three pilot communities,72 EVD alert cases were reported,with 70.8%of them detected by trained local community members,and 14 EVD cases were finally *** tracing detected 64.3%of EVD *** median duration of community infectivity for the cases was 1 *** secondary attack rate was 4.2%,and no third generation of infection was *** health worker was infected,and no unsafe burial and noncompliance to EVD control measures were *** community-based measures were modeled to reduce 77 EVD cases,and the EVD-free goal was achieved four months earlier in study communities than whole country of Sierra ***: The community-based strategy of social mobilization and community engagement was effective in casedetection and reducing the extent of Ebola transmission in a country with weak health system. The successfullypractical experience to reduce the risk of Ebola transmission in the

关键词： Ebola virus disease Community engagement Health education Outbreak control

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职校生的性与生殖健康认知现况及需求

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生殖与避孕 2009年第2期29卷 88-91页

作者：陈晓涂晓雯楼超华应笑高尔生复旦大学公共卫生学院上海200032 上海市计划生育科学研究所上海200032

目的:了解上海市职校生性与生殖健康知识的认知程度和服务需求。方法:于2005年9月对上海市三所职校全体一年级1846名学生进行匿名自填式问卷横断面调查。结果:职校生的性与生殖健康知识水平普遍较低,总知识得分为33.5分;性态度开放,约... 详细信息

目的:了解上海市职校生性与生殖健康知识的认知程度和服务需求。方法:于2005年9月对上海市三所职校全体一年级1846名学生进行匿名自填式问卷横断面调查。结果:职校生的性与生殖健康知识水平普遍较低,总知识得分为33.5分;性态度开放,约有一半的学生认可婚前性行为;65%的职校生在青春期遇到过相关的困惑或问题;84%的学生觉得自己缺乏性与生殖健康知识;54%的职校生在初中时没接受过正规的性与生殖健康教育;65%的职校生认为有必要建立专门针对青少年的服务机构。结论:现有的性与生殖健康教育和服务不能满足职校生的需求,应进一步加强针对职校生的相关教育和服务,尤其是学校。

关键词：职校生性教育生殖健康服务需求

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社区干预项目对未婚青少年生殖健康知识的长期影响

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生殖与避孕 2005年第5期25卷 290-295页

作者：涂晓雯楼超华高尔生上海市计划生育科学研究所上海200032

目的:评价社区干预项目对未婚青少年生殖健康知识的长期影响。方法:在上海市郊两个镇开展以社区为基础的干预研究,干预持续20个月,干预项目包括性与生殖健康知识教育、咨询及避孕服务。通过干预前、干预结束时及干预结束后28个月3次问... 详细信息

目的:评价社区干预项目对未婚青少年生殖健康知识的长期影响。方法:在上海市郊两个镇开展以社区为基础的干预研究,干预持续20个月,干预项目包括性与生殖健康知识教育、咨询及避孕服务。通过干预前、干预结束时及干预结束后28个月3次问卷调查评价干预项目的长期影响。结果:干预前干预组和对照组对象的各分类知识得分及总知识得分均无统计学差别,干预后不同时点干预组对象的各分类知识得分及总知识得分均显著高于对照组,但第3次调查原干预队列对象和对照组对象知识得分增值的差值均明显低于干预结束时的调查。多因素分析结果显示,在调整了可能的影响因素后,第3次调查两组对象知识得分增值的差值为13.00,是干预结束时的50.68%。从新对象的知识得分看,除避孕知识得分两组比较无统计学差别外,其余各分类知识得分及总知识得分干预组均高于对照组。多因素分析显示,在调整了可能的影响因素后,干预效应的OR值为1.64。结论:干预项目对原干预队列对象生殖健康知识增加有较强的持续影响,对新对象生殖健康知识增加有延续影响,应继续通过社区向未婚青少年提供性与生殖健康教育和服务。

关键词：未婚青少年性教育生殖健康知识和服务干预研究长期效果社区区

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生活技能培训对职校生生殖健康认知的影响

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生殖与避孕 2009年第1期29卷 31-37页

作者：楼超华王筱金涂晓雯高尔生上海市计划生育科研所上海200032

目的:评价生活技能培训对职校生生殖健康认知的影响。方法:上海市区3所职校为研究现场,其中2所为干预学校,1所为对照学校,研究对象为二年级的学生。干预组采取以生殖健康为核心的生活技能培训加同伴教育和单一生活技能培训2种不同的干... 详细信息

目的:评价生活技能培训对职校生生殖健康认知的影响。方法:上海市区3所职校为研究现场,其中2所为干预学校,1所为对照学校,研究对象为二年级的学生。干预组采取以生殖健康为核心的生活技能培训加同伴教育和单一生活技能培训2种不同的干预模式,干预活动持续1个学年。通过干预前后电脑问卷调查评价干预效果。结果:与基线调查时相比,干预后干预组对象的生殖健康风险(发生妊娠、感染性病和艾滋病)认知、避孕套使用的收益认知和避孕方法选择的自我效能上升,避孕套使用的障碍认知则下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而对照组的变化不明显。以基线和终线2次调查对象的生殖健康认知(即风险认知、收益认知、障碍认知和自我效能)评分为应变量,拟合重复测量资料的混合效应模型显示,在调整了其它可能的混杂因素后,组别与时间的交互作用项在4个模型中都有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示生活技能培训可提高职校生的生殖健康风险与避孕相关认知。2种干预模式(生活技能培训加同伴教育与单一生活技能培训)的作用仅在避孕套使用的收益认知上有差异。结论:生活技能培训可有效提高职校生的生殖健康认知,可以作为对年轻人进行性相关问题教育的一种重要方法。

关键词：生活技能培训生殖健康认知职校生

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