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Analysis of drilling difficulty of extended-reach wells based on drilling limit theory

Petroleum Science 2022年第3期19卷 1099-1109页

作者： wen-jun huang De-Li Gao MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China

With the continuous increase in vertical depths and horizontal displacements of directional wells,the difficulties of drilling operations continue to increase,and more accurate methods of drilling difficulty evaluation are *** this paper,a drilling difficulty evaluation method is built by combining drilling limit model and expert ***,the concept of drilling difficulty index is introduced,and the method to calculate drilling difficulty index is ***,the meanings of five drilling difficulty levels are explained and the optimization design method with drilling difficulty as the target is *** last,the theoretical model is applied to the extended-reach drilling of the Liuhua oilfield in the South China Sea,in which drilling difficulties are evaluated and the relationship between drilling difficulty and development control radius is *** results indicate that extended-reach drilling in the Liuhua oilfield is on the“normal”difficulty level on average,rotary drilling in 8_(1/2)-*** is the most difficult,and the main constraint conditions are excessive torque and high *** technology upgradation,the drilling difficulties are decreased,the development control radius increases from 6.6 to 11.4 km,and the maximum horizontalto-vertical ratio increases from 5.3 to ***,the development wells in marginal oilfields and adjustment wells in old oilfields can be drilled on“normal”difficulty ***,technology upgradation,especially drilling rig upgradation,is the most important development direction for extended-reach drilling in the South China Sea.

关键词： Extended-reach drilling South China Sea Drilling limit Drilling difficulty evaluation Drilling optimization design

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Hole cleaning evaluation and installation spacing optimization of cuttings bed remover in extended-reach drilling

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2005-2022页

作者： Shuo Peng wen-jun huang De-Li Gao MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing102249China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing102249China

In extended-reach or long-horizontal drilling,cuttings usually deposit at the bottom of the *** cuttings accumulate to a certain thickness,complex problems such as excessive torque and drag,tubing buckling,and pipe stuck probably occur,which results in a lot of non-productive time and remedial *** bed remover can efficiently destroy deposited cuttings in time through hydraulic and mechanical stirring *** paper aims to build a method for hole cleaning evaluation and installation spacing optimization of cuttings bed remover to improve the wellbore cleaning ***,a Computational Fluid Dynamics approach with Eulerian—Eulerian multiphase model was utilized to investigate the mechanism of cuttings transportation,and a new type of cuttings bed remover was ***,an evaluation method of hole cleaning effect of remover was *** that,the effects of several drilling parameters on hole cleaning including flow rate of drilling fluid,rotational speed of drillpipe,rate of penetration,wellbore size,rheological property of drilling fluid,and remover eccentricity on the performance of cuttings bed remover were *** results demonstrate that the new type of remover with streamline blade performs better than conventional *** efficiency of hole cleaning is greatly improved by increasing the rotational speed of drillpipe,flow rate of drilling fluid,remover eccentricity,and 6 rpm Fann dial reading for drilling *** higher rate of penetration and large wellbore size result in worse hole *** findings can serve as an important guide for the structure optimization design of cuttings bed remover and installation spacing of removers.

关键词： Extended-reach drlling Drilling hydraulics Cuttings transport Hole cleaning Cuttings bed remover

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A review of down-hole tubular string buckling in well engineering

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Petroleum Science 2015年第3期12卷 443-457页

作者： De-Li Gao wen-jun huang MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum

Down-hole tubular string buckling is the most classic and complex part of tubular string mechanics in well engineering. Studies of down-hole tubular string buckling not only have theoretical significance in revealing the buckling mechanism but also have prominent practical value in design and control of tubular strings. In this review, the basic principles and applicable scope of three classic research methods （the beam-column model, buck- ling differential equation, and energy method） are intro- duced. The critical buckling loads and the post-buckling behavior under different buckling modes in vertical, inclined, horizontal, and curved wellbores from different researchers are presented and compared. The current understanding of the effects of torque, boundary condi- tions, friction force, and connectors on down-hole tubular string buckling is illustrated. Meanwhile, some unsolved problems and controversial conclusions are discussed. Future research should be focused on sophisticated description of buckling behavior and the coupling effect of multiple factors. In addition, active control of down-hole tubular string buckling behavior needs some attention urgently.

关键词： Down-hole tubular mechanics Tubular stringbuckling Wellbore configuration Boundary condition Friction force

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Prediction models of burst strength degradation for casing with considerations of both wear and corrosion

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 458-474页

作者： Jie-Li Wang wen-jun huang De-Li Gao MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China

Casing wear and casing corrosion are serious problems affecting casing integrity failure in deep and ultra-deep *** paper aims to predict the casing burst strength with considerations of both wear and ***,the crescent wear shape is simplified into three categories according to common mathematical ***,based on the mechano-electrochemical(M-E)interaction,the prediction model of corrosion depth is built with worn depth as the initial condition,and the prediction models of burst strength of the worn casing and corroded casing are ***,the accuracy of different prediction models is validated by numerical simulation,and the main influence factors on casing strength are *** last,the theoretical models are applied to an ultra-deep well in Northwest China,and the dangerous well sections caused by wear and corrosion are predicted,and the corrosion rate threshold to ensure the safety of casing is *** results show that the existence of wear defects results in a stress concentration and enhanced M-E interaction on corrosion depth *** accuracy of different mathematical models is different:the slot ring model is most accurate for predicting corrosion depth,and the eccentric model is most accurate for predicting the burst strength of corroded *** burst strength of the casing will be overestimated by more than one-third if the M-E interaction is neglected,so the coupling effect of wear and corrosion should be sufficiently considered in casing integrity evaluation.

关键词： Deep well Casing integrity Casing wear Casing corrosion Burst strength

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Synthesis of ruthenium/reduced graphene oxide composites and application for the selective hydrogenation of halonitroaromatics

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第2期25卷 359-363页

作者： Guang-Yin Fan wen-jun huang Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering China West Normal University

Reduced graphene oxide （RGO） supported ruthenium （Ru） catalyst was prepared by an impregnation method using RuCI3 as a precursor and RGO as a support. The catalyst Ru/RGO was used for the selective hydrogenation ofp-chloronitrobenzene （p-CNB） to p-chloroaniline （p-CAN）, showing a selectivity of 96% at complete conversion of p-CNB at 60 ℃ and 3.0 MPa H2. The Ru/RGO catalyst was extremely active for the hydrogenation of a series of nitroarenes, which can be attributed to the small sized and the fine dispersity of the Ru nanoparticles on the RGO sheets characterized by TEM. Moreover, the catalyst also can be recycled five times without the loss of activity.

关键词： p-Chloroanfline Hydrogenation Ruthenium Graphene

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Mechanical behavior of drillstring with drag reduction oscillators and its effects on sliding drilling limits

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Petroleum Science 2021年第6期18卷 1689-1697页

作者： Xiao-Lei Shi wen-jun huang De-Li Gao MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China

Practice has proved that drag reduction oscillators can decrease the axial friction and increase wellbore extension effectively in sliding drilling ***,the complicated mechanical behavior of drillstring with drag reduction oscillators has not been revealed *** this paper,the mechanical model of drillstring with drag reduction oscillators is established by considering the friction *** introducing the initial conditions,boundary conditions and continuity conditions,the finite differential equation of drillstring vibration is obtained and *** new model has been applied to a case study,in which the drag reduction effects of drillstring with and without oscillators are compared and the effects of relevant factors on drag reduction are *** results show that the hook loads increase obviously by reducing downhole average friction coefficient for drillstring with *** vibration amplitude of the drag reduction oscillator can decrease axial friction,but the vibration frequency is nearly irrelevant to drag *** number of drag reduction oscillators can decrease axial friction,but may lead to large hydraulic power loss and high risk of drillstring ***,there is an optimal number of drag reduction *** re search re sults are of significant guiding significance for optimal design and safety control in sliding drilling operations.

关键词： Drillstring Downhole oscillator Friction force Drag reduction Sliding drilling

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Cuttings transport: Back reaming analysis based on a coupled layering-sliding mesh method via CFD

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Petroleum Science 2023年第6期20卷 3673-3686页

作者： Na Zhu Shi-Dong Ding Xiao-Lei Shi wen-jun huang De-Li Gao MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Co.Ltd No.197 Baisha RoadChangping DistrictBeijing102206China

Inadequate hole cleaning is one of the main reasons for inefficient operations in extended-reach *** mechanism of cuttings transport under the back reaming operation,which is frequently adopted to remove the cuttings,has been investigated in this *** this end,a coupled layering-sliding mesh method with the Eulerian-Granular approach has been established *** dynamic layering method has been employed to simulate the axial motion of the pipe,whereas the sliding mesh method has been used to simulate the pipe *** back reaming operation of a connector-furnished pipe has been simulated,and the sensitive parameter analysis has been *** results thus obtained demonstrate that the increase in the initial bed height,inclination,and the diameter and length of the connector causes a significant increase in the cuttings *** addition,the cuttings concentration is observed to decrease significantly with the pipe rotation ***,two main factors contribute towards the cuttings accumulation around the connector,namely,the difference in the cross-sectional area and the pushing effect of the connector—like a“bulldozer”.The“bulldozer”effect of the connector dominates when the tripping velocity is significant compared to the velocity of the ***,the effect of the difference in the cross-sectional area becomes the leading factor for cuttings ***“bulldozer”effect of the connector causes a more severe impact on hole *** both cases,increasing the tripping velocity only mildly affects the cuttings *** is therefore suggested that the tripping velocity should be slower than that of the sand during the back reaming ***,increased fluid velocity might lead to a higher accumulated cuttings concentration around the connector when the cuttings bed has not entirely passed through the connector.A significant flow rate can be safely applied after the cuttings have passe

关键词： Drill cuttings transport Back reaming Layering-sliding mesh Hole cleaning Connector

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Persistence of gentamicin residues in milk after the intramammary treatment of lactating cows for mastitis

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第4期10卷 280-284页

作者： Xun TAN Ye-wen JIANG Yi-jun huang Song-hua HU Department of Veterinary Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

This study was designed to investigate persistence of gentamicin residues in milk after the intramammary treatment of lactating cows for mastitis. Milk samples were collected at a 1-d interval after the last administration from 34 individual cows that had received intramammary infusions of gentamicin. The doses and treatment times evaluated in this study represented those that have been applied by veterinarians in practice. The tetrazolium chloride assay was used to determine whether there were significant residues of the antibiotic in the samples. Persistence of detectable drug residues in milk from 33 cows (28 cows, ≤6 infusions at ≤0.7 g gentamicin; and 5 cows, 2 infusions at 0.8 g gentamicin) did not exceed 5 d; but 1 cow (5 infusions at 0.8 g gentamicin) had detectable residues in its milk for 9 d. Our results suggest that a 5-d milk withdrawal period might be insufficient to secure the clearance of the contamination of gentamicin, because treatment times and dosages contribute to the antibiotic clearance. A larger scale of samples are needed for further investigations.

关键词： Gentamicin Mastitis Intramammary infusion Residue

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Liposome intracellular delivery of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. deprivative DS-201 improves its BK_(Ca) channel-activating and vasorelaxing effects

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Science Bulletin 2016年第8期61卷 622-631页

作者： Lei Yu jun Cheng wen-jun huang Xiao-Qiu Tan Liang Mao Zhi-Fei Liu Xiao-Rong Zeng Yan Yang Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology Ministry of Education of China Institute of Cardiovascular ResearchSichuan Medical University

Some drugs exert curative effects intracellu- larly, but their hydrophilic property prohibits the mem- brane-penetrating process and thus limits the curative efficacies, although this property guarantee their solubility in aqueous phase. An example is sodium tanshinone II-A sulfonate （DS-201）, a derivative of Chinese medical herb Danshen （Salvia miltiorrhiza） which is a BKc~ channel opener and a vasodilator. This study established and opti- mized a liposome delivery system which could pack and deliver DS-201 into HEK293 cells transfected with BKca channels, and DS-201 given this way significantly increased the open probability of BKca channel from baseline 0.013 ~ 0.004 to 0.036 -4- 0.011 at -t-40 mV membrane potential （P 〈 0.05） in single-channel attached study, and also increased the current density from baseline 23.2 ＋ 4.4 to 66.0 4- 15.2 pA/pF at ＋40 mV membrane potential （P 〈 0.05）, compared with the direct extracellular administration of this drug. Moreover, showing a ~ 60 % inhibition of the PE or PGF2a induced vascular constric- tion, the DS-201 liposomes did posses significantly enhanced vasorelaxant effect on rat mesenteric artery, compared with 20 % inhibition of the directly administration of this drug （P 〈 0.05）, suggesting that DS-201 delivered by liposomes significantly improved the drug＇s vasorelaxing effect. Taken together, the optimized DS-201 liposomes in our study successfully delivered DS-201 into cells and thus significantly activated BKca channels to reverse the contraction induced by PE and PGF2a, attesting the enhanced bioavailability.

关键词： Drug delivery system - Liposome Sodium tanshinone II-A sulfonate BKca channelVasodilatation

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Downregulation of miR-181a-5p alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation in coronary microembolization-induced myocardial damage by directly targeting XIAP

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第6期18卷 426-439页

作者： You ZHOU Man-Yun LONG Zhi-Qing CHEN jun-wen huang Zhen-Bai QIN Lang LI Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention NanningChina

BACKGROUND Coronary microembolization(CME)is a complicated problem that commonly arises in the context of coronary *** play crucial roles in cardiovascular ***,the role and mechanism of miR-181a-5p in CME-induced myocardial injury remains *** We established CME rat *** function was detected by ***-basic fuchsin-picric acid staining was used to measure micro-infarction *** samples and cell culture supernatants were evaluated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** reactive oxygen species were determined by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate assay,and the other oxidative stress related parameters were assayed by *** dual-luciferase reporter(DLR)assay and RNA pulldown were conducted to validate the association between miR-181a-5p and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein(XIAP).The expression of miR-181a-5p and XIAP mRNA were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain *** were evaluated via *** viability of the cell was evaluated via cell counting kit-8 *** The miR-181a-5p level was significantly increased in CME myocardial *** of miR-181a-5p improved CME-induced cardiac dysfunction and alleviated myocardial oxidative stress and inflammatory injury,whereas miR-181a-5p exhibited the opposite ***,the DLR assay and RNA pulldown results revealed that miR-181a-5p directly targeting on *** XIAP level was found to be remarkably decreased after *** overexpression attenuated CME-induced myocardial oxidative stress and inflammatory ***,in vitro rescue experiments revealed that knockdown of XIAP could abolish the protective effects of miR-181a-5p knockdown on hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte oxidative stress and inflammatory *** Downregulation of miR-181a-5p alleviates CME-induced myocardial damage by suppressing myocardial oxidative stress and

关键词： damage XIAP Down

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