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Benefit of aerosol reduction to winter wheat during China's clean air action:A case study of Henan Province

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 90-101页

作者： Yang Bai Pengfei Zhao Xueyang chen Lijun Wang wenjuan chang Jianzhong Guo Jiayao Wang College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Henan Industrial Technology Academy of Spatio-Temporal Big Data Henan UniversityZhengzhou 475000China Henan Technology Innovation Center of Spatio-Temporal Big Data Henan UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions(Henan University) Ministry of EducationKaifeng 475000China

A strongly declining aerosol radiative effect has been observed in China since 2013 after implementing the clean air action,yet its impact on wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)production remains *** use satellite measures and a biophysical crop model to assess the impact of aerosol-induced radiative perturbations on winter wheat production in the agricultural belt of Henan province from 2013 to *** calibrating parameters with the extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test(EFAST)and the generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation(GLUE)method,the DSSAT CERES-Wheat model was able to simulate crop biomass and yield more *** found that the aerosol negatively impacted wheat biomass by 21.87%and yield by 22.48%from 2006 to 2018,and the biomass effects from planting to anthesis were more significant compared to anthesis to *** to the strict clean air action,under all-sky conditions,the surface solar shortwave radiation(SSR)in 2018 increased by about 7.08%over 2006-2013 during the wheat growing *** a result of the improvement of crop photosynthesis,winter wheat biomass and yield increased by an average of 5.46%and 2.9%,*** findings show that crop carbon uptake and yield will benefit from the clean air action in China,helping to ensure national food and health security.

关键词： Haze pollution Clean air action Aerosol-induced radiative perturbation Wheat production DSSAT model

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Organo-mineral complexes in soil colloids:Implications for carbon storage in saline-alkaline paddy soils from an eight-year field experiment

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 97-109页

作者： Mengmeng chen Shirong ZHANG Lu LIU Baojian chang Yuyi LI Xiaodong DING College of Resources and Environment Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Jingke High-tech Institute of Environmental Sciences Co. LtdBeijing 100094China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The combination of organic carbon(OC) and reactive minerals is a crucial mechanism of soil carbon(C) storage, which is regulated by the formation of organo-mineral complexes on the surface of soil colloids. The effect of organic fertilizer on the storage mechanism of OC in soil colloids was studied through an 8-year field experiment, which included four treatments: i) no fertilization(control, CK), ii) only mineral N, P, and K fertilization(NPK), iii) NPK plus a low level(450 kg C ha^(-1)year^(-1)) of organic fertilization(NPKC1), and iv) NPK plus a high level(900 kg C ha^(-1)year^(-1)) of organic fertilization(NPKC2). The main results indicated that organic fertilizer addition significantly increased the content of aromatic-C, which was 158.7% and 140.0% higher in soil colloids than in bulk soil in the NPKC1 and NPKC2 treatments, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy further demonstrated that the relative proportion of C=C group on the surface of soil colloids was increased by 20.1% and 19.1% in the NPKC1 and NPKC2 treatments, respectively,compared with the CK. In addition, compared with the NPK treatment, the content of reactive minerals(such as Fe and Al oxides) significantly increased with organic fertilization, which was positively correlated with C=C group in soil colloids. This indicates that aromatic-C may be retained by the formation of aromatic-mineral complexes with reactive minerals in soil colloids. Organic fertilization also significantly increased OC storage efficiency(OCSE), which was significantly higher in the NPKC1 treatment than in the NPKC2 treatment. Therefore, a moderate amount of organic fertilizer application is a better agronomic practice to increase OCSE and OC storage in saline-alkaline paddy soils.

关键词： aromatic-C aromatic-mineral complex organic fertilization reactive mineral soil organic carbon water-dispersible colloid

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Enhanced mechanical property by introducing bimodal grains structures in Cu-Ta alloys fabricated by mechanical alloying

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 104-112页

作者： Ningyu Li Yongqin chang Mingyang Li Yuxiang chen Xinrui Luo Shichao Pei Fan Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Xi’an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co.Ltd Xi’an 710016China

Dispersion-strengthened copper alloys can achieve ultra-high strength,but usually at the expense of *** this study,a strategy for overcoming strength-ductility tradeoffof Cu alloys is realized through the introduction of bimodal grains ***-Ta alloys with only 0.5 at.%Ta content were successfully prepared by mechanical alloying combined with spark plasm *** samples prepared by one-step and two-step ball milling methods are named as Cu-Ta(Ⅰ)and Cu-Ta(Ⅱ),*** microstructural characterizations revealed that ultra-fine equiaxed grains with uniformly dispersed Ta precipitates were obtained in the Cu-Ta *** strength of 377 MPa for yield strength together with elongation of∼8%was obtained in Cu-Ta(Ⅰ).Bimodal grains structures composed of fine-grain zones and coarse-grain zones were successfully introduced into Cu-Ta(Ⅱ)by a two-step ball milling approach,and both yield strength(463 MPa)and elongation(∼15%)were significantly synergistic *** hardness values of both Cu-Ta(Ⅰ)and Cu-Ta(Ⅱ)were almost kept nearly constant with the increase of annealing time,and the softening temperatures of Cu-Ta(Ⅰ)and Cu-Ta(Ⅱ)are 1018 and 1013℃,reaching 93.9%and 93.5%T m of pure Cu(1083℃),*** reveals that the Cu-0.5 at.%Ta alloys exhibit excellent thermal stability and exceptional softening *** nanoclusters with semi-coherent structures play an essential role in enhancing the strength and microstructural stability of *** structures are beneficial to the activation of back stress strengthening and the initiation and propagation of microcracks,thus obtaining the extraordinary combination of strength and *** study provides a new way to fabricate dispersion-strengthened Cu alloys with high strength,high elongation,excellent thermal stability and softening resistance,which have potential application value in the field of the future fusion reactor.

关键词： Cu-Ta alloy Mechanical alloying Ta precipitates Bimodal structures Mechanical property

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Research Progress on the Association between Schizophrenia and Toxoplasma gondii Infection

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期37卷 647-660页

作者： Yiting Zhu Xiaohui Yang Miaoru chen Yu Hu Yunfeng chang Xiang Wu Department of Forensic Medicine Science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Nursing Department The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of Basic Medicine Science Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina Department of Parasitology Xiangya School of Basic MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina

Toxoplasma gondii(*** or Tg),is an obligatory intracellular parasite with humans as its intermediate *** recent years,significant correlations between *** infection and schizophrenia have been reported,including the possible mediating ***,mechanisms and hypotheses focus on central neurotransmitters,immunity,neuroinflammation,and epigenetics;however,the exact underlying mechanisms remain *** this article,we review the studies related to *** infection and schizophrenia,particularly the latest research *** on dopamine(DA)and other neurotransmitters,the blood-brain barrier,inflammatory factors,disease heterogeneity,and other confounders is also *** addition,we also summarized the results of some new epidemiological investigations.

关键词： Toxoplasma gondii Schizophrenia Neurotransmitters Neuroinflammation Immunity Epigenetics

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Towards green asphalt materials with lower emission of volatile organic compounds: A review on the release characteristics and its emission reduction additives

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第3期4卷 292-317页

作者： Xiwen chang Feng Wang Rui Wu chen Wang Yue Xiao State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CNthe Netherlands

Recently, researchers in the road field are focusing on the development of green asphalt materials with loweremission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The characterization methodology of asphalt VOCs and theinfluencing factors on VOCs release have always been the basic issue of asphalt VOCs emission reduction *** have proposed a variety of asphalt VOCs characterization methodologies, which also have mutuallyirreplaceable characteristics. Asphalt VOCs volatilization is affected by many factors. In this study, asphalt VOCscharacterization methodologies were summarized, including their advantages, disadvantages, characteristics andapplicable requirements. Subsequently, the influencing factors of VOCs release, such as asphalt types and environment conditions, are summarized to provide theoretical support for the emission reduction research. Theclassification and mechanism of newly-development asphalt VOCs emission reduction materials are reviewed. Thereduction efficiencies are also compared to select better materials and put forward the improvement objective ofnew materials and new processes. In addition, the prospects about development of VOCs release mechanism ofasphalt materials during the full life cycle and feasibility research of high-efficiency composite emission reductionmaterials in the future were put forward.

关键词： Asphalt VOCs Volatile organic compounds Green asphalt materials Reduction efficiency Hazardous emission

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Effect of droplet characteristics on liquid-phase distribution in spray zone of internal mixing air-mist nozzle

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China Foundry 2024年第2期21卷 185-196页

作者： Wei-li Wu chang-gui cheng Yang Li Shi-fa Wei De-li chen The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Technology Center Fushun Special Steel Co.Ltd.Fushun 113001LiaoningChina

In continuous casting production,droplet characteristics are important parameters for evaluating the nozzle atomization quality,and have a significant impact on the secondary cooling effect and the slab *** order to study the behavior of atomized droplets after reaching the slab surface and to optimize the spray cooling effect,the influence of droplet diameter and droplet velocity on the migration behavior of droplets in the secondary cooling zone was analyzed by FLUENT *** show that the droplets in the spray zone and on the slab surface are mainly concentrated in the center,thus,the liquid volume fraction in the center is higher than that of either *** the droplet diameter increases,the region of high liquid volume fraction on the slab surface becomes wider,and the liquid phase distribution in the slab width direction becomes *** increasing the droplet velocity at the nozzle exit has little effect on droplet diffusion in the spray zone,the distribution becomes more uneven due to more liquid reaches the slab surface per unit time.A prediction formula of the maximum water flow rate on the slab surface for specific droplet characteristics was proposed based on dimensionless analysis and validated by simulated data.A nozzle spacing of 210 mm was recommended under the working conditions in this study,which ensures effective coverage of the spray water over the slab surface and enhances the distribution uniformity of water flow rate in the transverse direction.

关键词： continuous casting secondary cooling zone internal mixing air-mist nozzle droplet characteristics liquid phase distribution water flow rate

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Enhanced red luminescence of Ca_(3)Si_(2−x)M_(x)O_(7):Eu^(3+)(M=Al,P)phosphors via partial substitution of Si^(4+) for applications in white light-emitting diodes

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 736-748页

作者： Yu-Hao Ma Xi Gao wen-Tao Zhang Zhen-Rui Yang Zhou Zhao chen Qu College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China International Advanced Energy Science Research and Education Center Graduate School of Energy ScienceKyoto UniversityYoshida-HonmachiKyoto606-8501Japan

A red-emitting phosphor Ca_(2.91)Si_(2)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) with partial Al^(3+)/P^(5+) substitution on Si^(4+) was synthesized via a simple solid-state method,and the effects of the introduction of the M^(3+/5+)(M=Al,P)ions on the crystal structure and photoluminescence performance of Ca_(2.91)Si_(2−x)M_(x)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) phosphors were *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results revealed that the structure of Ca_(3)Si_(2)O_(7) remained the same after the introduction of Al^(3+) and P^(5+) *** characteristic emission of Eu^(3+)-doped Ca_(3)Si_(2−x)M_(x)O_(7) phosphors exhibited two main peaks at 617 nm(red)and 593 nm(orange)under excitation at 394 nm,which originated from the^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2)and^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1) electron transitions of Eu^(3+) *** the partial substitution of Al^(3+) and P^(5+),the red emission intensities of the Ca_(2.91)Si_(2)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) phosphors were significantly enhanced by 1.88-and 1.42-fold,respectively,which is attributed to the crystal-field effect around Eu^(3+).Meanwhile,the luminescence intensities of the Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.96)Al_(0.04)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) and Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.94)P_(0.06)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) phosphors at 210℃ were 79.36%and 77.53%of those at 30°C,respectively,indicating their excellent thermal ***,the as-prepared Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.96)Al_(0.04)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+)and Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.94)P_(0.06)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) red-emitting phosphors were combined with a near-ultraviolet chip of 395 nm to fabricate red-light-emitting diode(LED)and white(w)-LED devices with excellent chromaticity *** summary,Al^(3+)/P^(5+)-substituted Ca_(2.91)Si_(2)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) can serve as red-emitting phosphors for applications in w-LEDs.

关键词： Ca_(3)Si_(2)O_(7) Red-emitting phosphor Structure substitution Luminescence enhancement Crystal-field effect White light-emitting diode

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Ceramic-based meta-material absorber with high-temperature stability

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4433-4440页

作者： Xing-Cong chen Wei-Jia Luo Run-Ni Zhao Yong-Zheng wen Ji Zhou State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua University

With the continuous exploration of uncharted and extreme environments,enhanced temperature robustness of passive devices has become particularly *** this study,a ceramic-based meta-material absorber with exceptional temperature stability is developed using a fusion design approach that combines rare metal-based tungsten bronze structural ceramics and ***,the absorbance of the meta-material array based on Mie resonance exceeds 49.0%in both waveguides and free space,approaching the theoretical *** to impedance analysis,the absorption performance can be distinctly correlated with the dielectric loss （Q_f）.Notably,the high-temperature robustness is verified to still be effective at 400℃.These advancements in our design allow for the use of monolithic materials in fabricating temperature-stable perfect absorbers,providing greater freedom in the dielectric performance and expanding their potential applications,including in space exploration and 5G millimeter-wave scenarios.

关键词： Meta-material absorber Microwave absorption Miniaturization Rare metal-based ceramics Temperature robustness

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Superatom-assembled boranes,carboranes,and low-dimensional boron nanomaterials based on aromatic icosahedral B_(12)and C_(2)B_(10)

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6734-6740页

作者： Qiao-Qiao Yan Yan-Fang Wei Qiang chen Yue-wen Mu Si-Dian Li Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Using the experimentally known aromatic icosahedral superatoms I_(h)B_(12)H_(12)2−and D_(5d)1,12-C_(2)B_(10)H_(12)as building blocks and based on extensive density functional theory calculations,we predict herein a series of core–shell superpolyhedral boranes and carboranes in a bottom-up approach,including the high-symmetry Th B_(12)@B_(152)H_(72)2−(2),C2h C_(2)B_(10)@B_(152)H_(72)(3),D_(3d)B_(12)@B_(144)H_(66)(4),I_(h)B_(12)@C_(24)B_(12)0H_(72)2−(6),and D_(5d)C_(2)B_(10)@C_(24)B_(12)0H_(72)(7).More interestingly,the superatom-assembled linear D2h B_(36)H_(32)^(2−)(8),close-packed planar D_(3d)B_(84)H_(60)^(2−)(10),and nearly close-packed core−shell D_(3d)B_(12)@B144H_(6)6(4)can be extended periodically to form the one-dimensional(1D)α-rhombohedral borane nanowire B_(12)H_(10)(Pmmm)(9),two-dimensional(2D)α-rhombohedral monolayer borophane B_(12)H_(6)(P m1)(11),and the experimentally known three-dimensional(3D)α-rhombohedral boron(R m)(12)which can be viewed as an assembly of the monolayer B_(12)H_(6)(11)staggered in vertical direction,setting up a bottom-up strategy to form low-dimensional boron-based nanomaterials from their borane“seeds”via partial or complete *** bonding analyses indicate that the high stability of these nanostructures originates from the spherical aromaticity of their icosahedral B_(12)or C_(2)B_(10)structural units which possess the universal skeleton electronic configuration of 1S21P61D101F8 following the Wade’s n+1 *** infrared(IR)and Raman spectra of the most-concerned neutral B_(12)@B144H_(6)6(4)and C_(2)B_(10)@C_(24)B_(12)0H_(72)(7)are computationally simulated to facilitate their experimental characterizations.

关键词： superatom-assembling bottom-up approach density functional theory superpolyhedral boranes superpolyhedral carboranes borophanes

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Ferroelectric-controlled graphene plasmonic surfaces for all-optical neuromorphic vision

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 765-773页

作者： chen JianBo LIU Yu LI ShangDong LIN Lin LI YaDong HUANG wen GUO JunXiong School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Institute for Advanced StudyChengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Integrated Circuits(National Exemplary Schoolof Microelectronics) Universityof Electronic Science and Technologyof China Chengdu 610054China Jincheng Research Institute of Opto-mechatronics Industry Jincheng 048000China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices and Integrated Systems Jincheng 048000China Engineering Research Center of Digital Imaging and Display Ministry of EducationSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Artificial visual systems can recognize desired objects and information from complex environments, and are therefore highly desired for pattern recognition, object detection, and imaging applications. However, state-of-the-art artificial visual systems with high recognition performances that typically consist of electronic devices face the challenges of requiring huge storage space and high power consumption owing to redundant data. Here, we report a terahertz(THz) frequency-selective surface using a graphene split-ring resonator driven by ferroelectric polarization for efficient visual system applications. The downward polarization of the ferroelectric material offers an ultrahigh electrostatic field for doping p-type graphene with an anticipated Fermi level. By optimizing the geometric parameters of the devices and modulating the carrier behaviors of graphene, our plasmonic devices exhibit a tunable spectral response in a range of 1.7–6.0 THz with continuous transmission values. The alloptical neural network using graphene plasmonic surfaces designed in this study exhibited excellent performance in visual preprocessing and convolutional filtering and achieved an ultrahigh recognition accuracy of up to 99.3% in training the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology(MNIST) handwritten digit dataset. These features demonstrate the great potential of graphene plasmonic devices for future smart artificial vision systems.

关键词： graphene plasmon ferroelectric frequency selective surface artificial vision system

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