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Orexin Receptor Antagonists as Emerging Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第4期36卷 432-448页

作者： ying Han Kai Yuan Yongbo Zheng Lin Lu National Institute of Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)Beijing 100191China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Orexins comprise two neuropeptides produced by orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and are released by extensive projections of these neurons throughout the central nervous system. Orexins bind and activate their associated G protein-coupled orexin type 1 receptors(OX1Rs) and OX2Rs and act on numerous physiological processes, such as sleep-wake regulation, feeding, reward,emotion, and motivation. Research on the development of orexin receptor antagonists has dramatically increased with the approval of suvorexant for the treatment of primary insomnia. In the present review, we discuss recent findings on the involvement of the orexin system in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, including sleep disorders,depression, anxiety, and drug addiction. We discuss the actions of orexin receptor antagonists, including selective OX1R antagonists (SORA1s), selective OX2R antagonists(SORA2s), and dual OX1/2R antagonists (DORAs), in the treatment of these disorders based on both preclinical and clinical evidence. SORA2s and DORAs have more pronounced efficacy in the treatment of sleep disorders,whereas SORA1s may be promising for the treatment of anxiety and drug addiction. We also discuss potential challenges and opportunities for the application of orexin receptor antagonists to clinical interventions.

关键词： Orexin Insomnia Depression Anxiety Drug addiction

Extractive distillation of cycloalkane monomers from the direct coal liquefaction fraction

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第11期18卷 269-279页

作者： Shuo-Shuo Zhang Xing-Bao Wang Wen-ying Li State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Separating monomeric cycloalkanes from naphtha obtained from direct coal liquefaction not only facilitates the valuable utilization of naphtha but also holds potential for addressing China’s domestic chemical feedstock market demand for these *** extractive distillation processes of naphtha,relative volatility serves as a crucial parameter for extractant ***,determining relative volatility through conventional vapor-liquid equilibrium experiments for extractant selection proves challenging due to the complexity of naphtha’s compound *** address this challenge,a prediction model for the relative volatility of n-heptane/methylcyclohexane in various extractants has been developed using machine-learning quantitative structure-property relationship *** model enables rapid and cost-effective extractant *** statistical analysis of the model revealed favorable performance indicators,including a coefficient of determination of 0.88,cross-validation coefficient of 0.94,and root mean square error of *** such asα,EHOMO,ρ,and logPoct/water collectively influence relative *** of standardized coefficients in the multivariate linear regression equation identified density as the primary factor affecting the relative volatility of n-heptane/methylcyclohexane in the different *** with higher densities,devoid of branched chains,exhibited increased relative volatility compared to their counterparts with branched ***,the process of separating cycloalkane monomers from direct coal liquefaction products via extractive distillation was optimized using Aspen Plus software,achieving purities exceeding 0.99 and yields exceeding 0.90 for cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane ***,energy consumption,and environmental assessments were *** acid emerged as the most suitable extractant for purifying cycloalkanes in direct coal liquefaction naphtha due to its super

关键词： naphtha relative volatility molecular descriptor quantitative structure-property relationship model

Immune based computer virus detection approaches

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智能系统学报 2013年第1期8卷 80-94页

作者： TAN ying ZHang Pengtao Department of Machine Intelligence School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China Key Laboratory of Machine Perception Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The computer virus is considered one of the most horrifying threats to the security of computer systems *** rapid development of evasion techniques used in virus causes the signature based computer virus detection techniques to be *** novel computer virus detection approaches have been proposed in the past to cope with the ineffectiveness,mainly classified into three categories: static,dynamic and heuristics *** the natural similarities between the biological immune system(BIS),computer security system(CSS),and the artificial immune system(AIS) were all developed as a new prototype in the community of anti-virus *** immune mechanisms in the BIS provide the opportunities to construct computer virus detection models that are robust and adaptive with the ability to detect unseen *** this paper,a variety of classic computer virus detection approaches were introduced and reviewed based on the background knowledge of the computer virus ***,a variety of immune based computer virus detection approaches were also discussed in *** experimental results suggest that the immune based computer virus detection approaches were able to detect new variants and unseen viruses at lower false positive rates,which have paved a new way for the anti-virus research.

关键词：数据挖掘计算机技术发展现状人工智能

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基于波动方程三维表面多次波预测方法研究

地球物理学报 2013年第6期56卷 2023-2032页

作者：石颖王维红李莹井洪亮东北石油大学地球科学学院大庆163318 大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院大庆163712

与传统的二维表面多次波预测算法相比,基于波动方程的全三维表面多次波预测方法无需对地下介质做简单近似,其更符合地震波在地下介质中传播的真实状况,是地震资料处理中解决多次波预测问题的强有力工具.本文从三维多次波预测的基本理论... 详细信息

与传统的二维表面多次波预测算法相比,基于波动方程的全三维表面多次波预测方法无需对地下介质做简单近似,其更符合地震波在地下介质中传播的真实状况,是地震资料处理中解决多次波预测问题的强有力工具.本文从三维多次波预测的基本理论出发,给出了全三维多次波预测算法的预测矩阵表示、计算方法以及实现条件,采用GPU(图形处理器)加速全三维表面多次波预测,较传统的CPU串行计算,GPU并行预测表面多次波的计算效率约提高165倍.文中分别利用二维和三维表面多次波预测算法对理论模拟的含表面多次波的三维地震数据进行多次波预测计算,对比分析结果表明,相比于二维算法,文中所述的基于波动方程的全三维表面多次波预测效果明显改善,其计算精度更高,辅以合理有效的自适应相减算法,可获得高精度的地震勘探资料表面多次波压制数据.

关键词：表面多次波 GPU 波动方程三维预测

Regulation of Floral Organ Identity in Arabidopsis by Ectopic Expression of OsMADS58

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2012年第3期19卷 60-66页

作者： Wang Yan-mei Yan Da-wei Zhang ying-ying Li Jing Cang Jing College of Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biology Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

The ABCDE model has been described comprehensively to interpret the mechanism of floral organ development. In Arabidopsis, AGMAOUS was a well-studied class C gene encoding a transcription factor with MADS box, and its overexpression in Arabidopsis induced the transformation of sepals to carpels and petals to stamens. However, there is little knowledge about the function of OsMADS58, which was a homologue of AGMAOUS in rice. In our study, OsMADS58 driven by the UBIQUITIN promoter was ectopiely expressed in Arabidopsis., and carpel-like sepals, incomplete petals and stamens instead of petals were found in different transgenie plants according to different OsMADS58 mRNA expression levels. The phenotype of transgenic plant was similar to the AGMAOUS overexpression plant, suggesting that OsMADS58 might play an important role in flower development like AGMAOUS and they keep conserved function during evolution.

关键词： ABC model AGAMOUS flower development homologue OsMADS58

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基于元胞自动机的自行车交通流仿真建模

吉林大学学报（工学版） 2011年第1期41卷 51-55页

作者：魏丽英应力天北京交通大学运输学院北京100044 宁波市规划局镇海分局浙江宁波315200

提出了一种自行车元胞自动机模型。该模型是在机动车Nagle-schreckenberg(NS)模型的基础上,考虑自行车的换道行为,在NS模型规则前加入路径选择规则,从而建立符合自行车行驶行为的模型。根据模型的规则,在不同最大速度、不同随机慢化概... 详细信息

提出了一种自行车元胞自动机模型。该模型是在机动车Nagle-schreckenberg(NS)模型的基础上,考虑自行车的换道行为,在NS模型规则前加入路径选择规则,从而建立符合自行车行驶行为的模型。根据模型的规则,在不同最大速度、不同随机慢化概率、不同车道宽度等条件下进行了仿真分析,其通行能力及速度-密度仿真曲线均符合理论值。最后,通过实际观测数据验证了本文模型的可靠性。

关键词：交通运输系统工程元胞自动机自行车交通流交通仿真自行车通行能力

Traditional Chinese Medicine Pattern Classification and Herbal Medicine for COVID-19: A Comparative Study of Data from Different Sources

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023年第1期9卷 81-93页

作者： Zhen Gao ying-ying Liu Ye-Meng Chen Jing-Cheng Dong Department of Integrative Medicine Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Basic Theory and Application Institutes of Integrative MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Geriatrics and Retired Cadre Putuo HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina Dean's Office New York College of Traditional Chinese MedicineMineolaNYUSA

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) plays a crucial role in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). Objective: The study aimed to reveal the distribution characteristics of COVID-19 TCM syndrome types and syndrome elements and the law of TCM treatment and medication. Methods: The TCM diagnosis and treatment protocol for COVID-19 and clinical research data were obtained through network retrieval, and Revman 5.3 and SPSS 23.0 were employed to analyze the composition of TCM syndromes and the situation of TCMs in meta and frequency. Results: The top three TCM syndromes of COVID-19 included damp-heat accumulation in the lung pattern, damp abundance due to spleen deficiency, and epidemic toxin invading the lung pattern, while the syndrome elements were dampness, heat, and toxin. Gypsum fibrosum, Pogostemonis herba, and Armeniacae semen were identified as the commonly used drugs. Different syndrome elements were identified at lung disease location: Forsythiae fructus, Glycyrrhizae radix, and Armeniacae semen can be used for “wind;” Glycyrrhizae radix, Armeniacae semen, and Scutellariae radix can be used for “Heat;” Armeniacae semen, Sheng Gypsum fibrosum, and Ephedrae herba can be used for “Toxin;” Ephedrae herba, Armeniacae semen, and Atractylodis rhizome can be used for “Damp;” Magnoliae officinalis Cortex, Ephedrae herba, and Zingiberis Rhizoma recens can be used for “cold;” and Armeniacae semen, Gypsum fibrosum, Ephedrae herba, and Lepidii/Descurainiae semen can be used for “epidemic.” Conclusion: The establishment of a treatment scheme based on the classification of disease syndrome elements should be considered for sudden infectious diseases, such as COVID-19. Pogostemonis herba, Armeniacae semen, Gypsum fibrosum, and Glycyrrhizae radix should be considered as effective drugs from TCM for the treatment of COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment protocol for COVID-19 syndrome syndrome element traditional Chinese medicine traditional Chinese medicine syndrome investigation

Numerical Simulation of Flow in Centrifugal Pump with Complex Impeller

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第1期20卷 47-52页

作者： Bao-ling Cui Yong-gang Lin ying-zi Jin The Laboratory of Fluid Transmission and Application Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018China State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model,three dimensional turbulent flow fields in centrifugal pump with long-mid-short blade complex impeller are calculated and analyzed *** relative velocity and pressure distributions in the flowpart are *** is found that the flow in the passage of the complex impeller is unsymmetrical due to the joint action between volute and *** back-flow region is at inlet of long-blade suction side,near middle part of long-blade pressure side and outlet of short-blade suction *** flow near volute throat is affected greatly by *** relative velocity is large and it is easy to bring back flow at outlet of the complex impeller near volute *** static and total pressure rise uniformly from inlet to outlet in the *** impeller outlet,the pressure periodically decreases from pressure side to suction side,and then the static pressure sharply rise near the *** experimental results show that the back flow in the impeller has an important influence on the performance of pump.

关键词： Complex impeller Centrifugal pump Numerical simulation Experiment

Fracture behavior and microstructure analysis of Al2O3–MgO–CaO castables for steel-ladle purging plugs

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第11期23卷 1333-1339页

作者： Bin Long Gui-ying Xu Yong Li Andreas Buhr School of Materials Science and Engineering University Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Almatis Qingdao Co. Ltd. Qingdao 266071 China Almatis GmbH Frankfurt 60528 Germany

Three different castables based on the Al_2O_3–MgO –CaO system were prepared as steel-ladle purging plug refractories： corundum-based low-cement castable（C-LCC）, corundum-spinel-based low-cement castable（C-S-LCC）, and corundum-spinel no-cement castable（C-S-NCC）（hydratable alumina（ρ-Al_2O_3） bonded）. The fracture behavior at room temperature was tested by the method of ＂wedge-splitting＂ on samples pre-fired at different temperatures; the specific fracture energy G′f and notched tensile strength σNT were obtained from these tests. In addition, the Young＇s modulus E was measured by the method of resonance frequency of damping analysis（RFDA）. The thermal stress resistance parameter R′′′′ calculated using the values of G′f, σNT, and E was used to evaluate the thermal shock resistance of the materials. According to the microstructure analysis results, the sintering effect and the bonding type of the matrix material were different among these three castables, which explains their different fracture behaviors.

关键词： castables alumina magnesia copper oxide fracture behavior microstructure thermal shock resistance