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Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia in molten salts

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第4期29卷 195-207页

作者： Jiarong Yang wei weng wei Xiao School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and EnergyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

Ammonia is important feedstock for both fertilizer production and carbon-free liquid *** techniques for ammonia formation have been developed,hoping to replace the industrial energy-intensive Haber-Bosch *** synthesis of ammonia in molten salts is one promising alternative method due to the strong solubility of N3- ions,a wide potential window of molten salt electrolytes and tunable electrode ***,electrochemical synthesis of ammonia in molten salts begins with the electro-cleavage of N2/hydrogen sources on electrode surfaces,followed by diffusion of N3^-/H^+-containing ions towards each other for NH3 ***,the hydrogen sources and molten salt composition will greatly affect the reactions on electrodes and ions diffusion in electrolytes,being critical factors determining the faradaic efficiency and formation rate for ammonia *** report summarizes the selection criteria for hydrogen sources,the reaction characteristics in various molten salt systems,and the preliminary explorations on the scaling-up synthesis of ammonia in molten *** formation rate and faradaic efficiency for ammonia synthesis are discussed in detail based on different hydrogen sources,various molten salt systems,changed electrolysis conditions as well as diverse *** synthesis of ammonia might be further enhanced by optimizing the molten salt composition,using electrocatalysts with well-defined composition and microstructure,and innovation of novel reaction mechanism.

关键词： Electrochemical ammonia synthesis Molten salt electrolysis N2 reduction Hydrogen source

Effects of K and Mn promoters over Fe2O3 on Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第8期29卷 118-127,I0004页

作者： Teng Lv wei weng Jing Zhou Dong Gu wei Xiao School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and EnergyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072.HubeiChina

Structural and compositional design of core-shell structure is an effective strategy towards enhanced ***,amorphous MnO2 nanosheets and K+-intercalated layered MnO2 nanosheets are controllably assembled over Fe2O3 spindles,in which the MnO2 nanosheets are perpendicularly anchored to the surface of *** a core shell structure contributes to a high specific surface area and abundant pore channels on the surface of *** addition,the existence of K+provides large numbers of basic sites and restrains the formation of unpleasant(Fe1-xMnx)*** from the merits in structure and composition,CO adsorption is enhanced and remaining time of intermediates is prolonged on the surfaces of catalysts during the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis(FTS),facilitating to the formation of active iron carbides and C–C coupling ***,the Fe2O3@K+-Mn O2 shows both a high CO conversion of 82.3%and a high C5+ selectivity of 73.1%.The present study provides structural and compositional rationales on design high-performance catalysts towards FTS.

关键词： Fischer–Tropsch synthesis K promoter Mn promoter CO conversion C5+selectivity

Catalytic decomposition of methane to produce hydrogen:A review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第7期30卷 415-430页

作者： Zeyu Fan wei weng Jing Zhou Dong Gu wei Xiao School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Hubei International Scientiﬁc and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and EnergyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

The increasing demands of hydrogen and the recent discovery of large reserves of methane have prompted the conversion of methane to *** challenges raised by intensive CO_(2) emission from the traditional conversion of methane have provoked emission-free hydrogen production from *** catalytic decomposition of methane(CDM) to produce hydrogen and advanced carbon hence comes into consideration due to the short process and environmental *** many researchers have made considerable progress in CDM research on the laboratory scale,CDM is still in its infancy in *** history of its development,fundamental mechanisms,and recent research progress in catalysts and catalytic systems are herein *** problems of catalytic interface degradation are reviewed,focusing on deactivation from coke deposition in the CDM *** introduction of a liquid phase interface which can in-situ remove carbon products provides a new strategy for this ***,the challenges and prospects for future research into novel CDM catalysts or catalyst systems are included.

关键词： Hydrogen production Methane decomposition Metal-based catalysts Carbon-based catalysts Liquid catalyst

Interfacial confinement of Ni-V2O3 in molten salts for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第11期29卷 280-285页

作者： Jing Zhou Hansheng Xiao wei weng Dong Gu wei Xiao College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and EnergyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina The Institute of Advanced Studies.Wuhan University Wuhan 430072HubeiChina

Implementation of non-precious electrocatalysts is key-enabling for water electrolysis to relieve challenges in energy and environmental sustainability. Self-supporting Ni-V2O3 electrodes consisting of nanostrip-like V2O3 perpendicularly anchored on Ni meshes are herein constructed via the electrochemical reduction of soluble NaVO3 in molten salts for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Such a special configuration in morphology and composition creates a well confined interface between Ni and V2O3. Experimental and Density-Functional-Theory results confirm that the synergy between Ni and V2O3 accelerates the dissociation of H2O for forming hydrogen intermediates and enhances the combination of H*for generating H2.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution Electrochemistry Molten salt Ni V2O3

Controllable conversion of rice husks to Si/C and SiC/C composites in molten salts

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第4期30卷 102-107页

作者： Da Pang wei weng Jing Zhou Dong Gu wei Xiao School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and EnergyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina The Institute of Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina

Direct conversion of biomass to functional materials is an ideal solution to relieve challenges in environmental and energy *** herein demonstrate a molten salt thermoelectrolysis of rice husks(RHs)mainly consisting of organic mass and biosilica to achieve high-efficiency and upgraded utilization of both Si and C in *** coupling pyrolysis of organic mass with electrochemical reduction of silica in molten salts,the thermoelectrolysis of RHs in molten CaCl_(2)-NaCl at 800℃ refines the RHs and acidleached RHs to SiC nanowire/C(SiC-NW/C)and Si nanoparticle/C(Si-NP/C),*** present study highlights the molten salt thermoelectrolysis for reclamation of biomass wastes in an affordable and controllable manner.

关键词： Rice husks Molten salt Silicon Silicon carbide Electrochemistry

Graph convolutional network combined with random walks and graph attention network for node classification

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第3期31卷 1-14页

作者： Chen Yong Xie Xiaozhu weng wei College of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361024China Fujian Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition and Image Understanding Xiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361024China

Graph conjoint attention(CAT)network is one of the best graph convolutional networks(GCNs)frameworks,which uses a weighting mechanism to identify important neighbor ***,this weighting mechanism is learned based on static information,which means it is susceptible to noisy nodes and edges,resulting in significant *** this paper,a method is proposed to obtain context dynamically based on random walk,which allows the context-based weighting mechanism to better avoid noise ***,the proposed context-based weighting mechanism is combined with the node content-based weighting mechanism of the graph attention(GAT)network to form a model based on a mixed weighting *** model is named as the context-based and content-based graph convolutional network(CCGCN).CCGCN can better discover important neighbors,eliminate noise edges,and learn node embedding by message *** show that CCGCN achieves state-of-the-art performance on node classification tasks in multiple datasets.

关键词： graph neural network(GNN) graph convolutional network(GCN) semi-supervised classification graph analysis

Molten salt electrochemical modulation of Ni/Co nanoparticles onto N-doped carbon for oxygen reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第11期31卷 212-217,I0007页

作者： Xinxin Liang Jialin Chen Biao Hong Tingting Wan wei weng wei Xiao College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina Zijin School of Geology and Mining Fujian Key Laboratory of Green Extraction and High-value Utilization of Energy MetalsFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108FujianChina Queen Marry University of London Engineering School Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129ShaanxiChina

Activation of oxygen over non-precious materials has been an imperative task to develop efficient electrochemical energy storage and conversion such as fuel cells and metal-air ***,a molten salt electrochemical modulation of metal-nitrogen-carbon based compounds(M–N–C)is *** electrochemical treatment of polydopamine-coated NiCo_(2)O_(4)(NiCo_(2)O_(4)@PDA)in molten Li_(2)CO_(3)-Na_(2)CO_(3)-K_(2)CO_(3)at 500℃,Ni/Co bimetal-nitrogen-carbon catalyst(denoted as Ni/Co@NC)consisting of Ni-Co nanoparticles anchoring on porous nitrogen-doped carbon is constructed and evaluated as electrocatalysts towards the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Experimental and calculation results confirm that alloying of Ni-Co and nitrogen doping to carbon enhances the rate-determining transformation of*OH intermediate during *** Ni/Co@NC hence shows an ORR activity comparable with the commercial Pt/C.

关键词： Oxygen reduction Metal-nitrogen-carbon Electrochemistry Molten salt Bimetal modulation

Enhanced electrodeposition and separation of metallic Cr from soluble K2CrO4 on a liquid Zn cathode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第1期29卷 204-211,I0007页

作者： wei weng Zhi Wang Zhancheng Guo Shuqiang Jiao Mingyong Wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and EnergyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production TechnologyInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Carbon contamination and the formation of low-valence oxides limit the preparation of refractory metals by molten salt *** this paper,a liquid Zn cathode is adopted for the electrochemical reduction of soluble K2CrO4 to metallic Cr in CaCl2-KCl molten *** is found that CrO4^2-can be directly electrochemically reduced to Cr via a six-electron-transfer step and low-valence Cr oxides is hardly *** reduction rate is obviously increased from 16.7 mgCrh^-1cm^-2 on the solid Mo cathode to58.7 mgCrh-1cm-2on liquid Zn *** electrodeposited Cr is distributed in liquid Zn *** contamination is effectively avoided due to the negligible solubility of carbon in the liquid Zn ***,Cr can be effectively separated and enriched to the bottom of liquid Zn under supergravity field,realizing the efficient acquisition of metallic Cr and recycling of liquid *** method herein provides a promising route for the preparation of refractory metals with high-purity by molten salt electrolysis.

关键词： Molten salt electrolysis Liquid Zn cathode Carbon contamination K2CrO4 Metallic Cr

Thermodynamic analysis on the direct preparation of metallic vanadium from NaVO_3 by molten salt electrolysis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第5期24卷 671-676页

作者： wei weng Mingyong Wang Xuzhong Gong Zhi Wang Zhancheng Guo State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences

A novel and environmentally friendly route to directly prepare metallic vanadium from NaV03 by molten salt electrolysis is proposed. The feasibility about the direct electro-reduction of NaV03 to metallic vanadi- um is analyzed based on the thermodynamic calculations and experimental verifications. The theoretical decomposition voltage of NaV03 to metallic vanadium is only 0.47 V at 800 ℃ and much lower than that of the alkali and alkali earth metal chloride salts. The value is slightly higher than that of low-valence vanadium oxides such as V203, V305 and VO. However, the low-valence vanadium oxides can he further electro-reduced to metallic vanadium thermodynamically. The thermodynamic analysis is verified by the experimental results. The direct preparation of metallic vanadium from NaV03 by molten salt electrolysis is feasible.

关键词： Molten salt electrolysis NaV03 Thermodynamic analysis Metallic vanadium Decomposition voltage